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1.
Rev. Hosp. Clin. Univ. Chile ; 32(3): 233-243, 2021. tab, graf, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1353227

RESUMO

Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the world. Current treatments act directly on the signal transduction pathways in cancer cells, mainly. One of the main pathways is associated with the Epidermal Growth Factor (EGFR), whose mutations leads to uncontrolled cell proliferation and a higher rate of cell invasion. Activating mutations in the EGFR gene, which includes deletions in exon 19 and the L858R mutation in exon 21, were detected in most patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Studies of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) such as Gefitinib, Erlotinib and Afatinib, compared with platinum-based treatments, showed that EGFR-TKIs produce increased disease-free survival, although only in patients whose cancers harbor activating mutations in the EGFR gene. Clinical trials also demonstrated that EGFR-TKIs are effective as first-line therapies in stage IV pulmonary adenocarcinoma. Here, the main aspects of the activation of the EGFR pathway in NSCLC will be reviewed, highlighting the importance for health professionals of correctly identifying activating mutations in the EGFR gene and acting quickly at the molecular level based on aforementioned treatments. (AU)


Assuntos
Receptores ErbB/uso terapêutico , Adenocarcinoma de Pulmão/terapia , Cloridrato de Erlotinib/uso terapêutico , Gefitinibe/uso terapêutico , Adenocarcinoma de Pulmão/tratamento farmacológico , Afatinib/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias Pulmonares/terapia
2.
Rev. cuba. cir ; 58(1): e740, ene.-mar. 2019. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1093143

RESUMO

RESUMEN Introducción: El cáncer de pulmón representa una gran carga de enfermedad a nivel global. La centralización de la atención de los pacientes para el diagnóstico y tratamiento añade un salto de calidad en la atención sanitaria. Objetivo: Evaluar los resultados de la consulta multidisciplinaria de cáncer pulmonar en la provincia de Camagüey. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional analítico retrospectivo desde noviembre de 2015 hasta febrero de 2017. El universo quedó conformado por 182 pacientes evaluados en la consulta multidisciplinaria con cáncer pulmonar. La muestra, la cual fue de tipo probabilística, la constituyeron los 182 pacientes diagnosticados de cáncer pulmonar, coincidiendo con el universo. Se trabajó con una población objetiva conformada por todos los pacientes adultos que acudieron a la consulta antes mencionada y que fueron diagnosticados de cáncer pulmonar en la sistemática diagnóstica. Resultados: Prevaleció el sexo masculino y el grupo de edad entre 60 y 69 años. Todos los pacientes tenían relación con el hábito de fumar, y al menos, una radiografía de tórax al momento de la primera evaluación. El síntoma fundamental fue la tos. Más de la mitad de los pacientes acudieron antes de 60 días de comienzo de los síntomas, y recibieron el diagnóstico e iniciaron el tratamiento antes del mes. El adenocarcinoma fue el tipo histológico más frecuente, como la localización tumoral periférica, el estado funcional se deterioró en relación con la etapa clínica y el tratamiento quirúrgico fue el más indicado. Conclusiones: La atención multidisciplinaria en pacientes con cáncer pulmonar se ha convertido en el estándar de cuidado. La centralización de la atención, así como la aplicación de una vía clínica optimiza el uso de la tecnología disponible adecuada a cada caso en particular(AU)


ABSTRACT Introduction: Lung cancer represents a great burden of disease worldwide. Patient care centralization for diagnosis and treatment adds a leap in the quality of health care. Objective: To evaluate the results of the multidisciplinary consultation of lung cancer in the province of Camagüey. Methods: A retrospective, analytical, observational study was conducted from November 2015 to February 2017. The study population consisted of 182 patients with lung cancer who were evaluated in the multidisciplinary consultation. The sample, which was probabilistic, was made up of 182 patients diagnosed with lung cancer, coinciding with the population. We worked with an objective population made up of all the adult patients who attended the aforementioned consultation and who were diagnosed with lung cancer in the diagnostic systematics. Results: There was a predominance of the male sex and the age group between 60 and 69 years old. All the patients were associated with the smoking habit, and had at least one chest radiograph at the time of the first evaluation. The main symptom was coughing. More than half of the patients came before 60 days after the onset of symptoms, were diagnosed and started treatment before the month. The adenocarcinoma was the most frequent histological type, as the peripheral tumor location. The functional state was deteriorated in relation to the clinical stage and the surgical treatment was the most indicated. Conclusions: Multidisciplinary care in patients with lung cancer has become the standard of care. The centralization of care, as well as the application of a clinical approach, optimizes the use of available technology appropriate to each particular case(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Adenocarcinoma de Pulmão/terapia , Neoplasias Pulmonares/diagnóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Estudo Observacional
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