Topical photodynamic therapy in the treatment of basal cell carcinoma in Singaporean Chinese patients.

Background: Topical photodynamic therapy has been used for the treatment of superfi cial and nodular basal cell carcinomas, with varying cure rates. Aims: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of topical photodynamic therapy in the treatment of superfi cial and nodular basal cell carcinomas in Asian patients treated at the National Skin Centre, Singapore. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of Asian patients with histologically confi rmed basal cell carcinomas and treated with photodynamic therapy was performed. Results: Eight Chinese patients, with an equal gender distribution and mean age of 83.4 years were included. Five of eight basal cell carcinomas were superficial while the remaining three were nodular. The basal cell carcinomas were located in the head and neck in seven patients. The overall clearance rate at 3 months was 87.5% while the clearance rate for superfi cial and nodular basal cell carcinomas was 100% and 66.6% respectively at 3 months. At 12 months, the overall clearance rate was 85. 7%. Limitations: This is a retrospective analysis with small patient numbers. Conclusions: In this small series of eight Asian patients, topical photodynamic therapy has been shown to be effective and generally well-tolerated in the treatment of basal cell carcinomas, particularly of the superfi cial subtype. However, larger studies are needed to evaluate its overall efficacy in Asian patients.

pharmaceutical study on topically applied tenoxicam gel

Tenoxicam transparent oil-water [TOW] gels were prepared using different oils; namely, isopropyl myristate, liquid paraffin, and myritol 318. The emulsifying agents used were Eumulgin B3, Cetiol HE, Brij 96, and Tween 80. The prepared gels were examined visually, microscopically and were photomicrographed. Conductivity, pH as well as rheological properties were determined. In vitro release studies, accelerated stability testing, and determination of anti-inflammatory activity were also performed. The results revealed that tenoxicam TOW gel prepared with liquid paraffin, Eumulgin B3, Cetiol HE combination and water [formula IV] was the most stable formula. It also affords reasonable pH, conductivity, rheological properties and in vitro drug release. The selected formula showed appreciable anti-inflammatory activity [determined by the Carrageenan induced rat paw edema] compared with a commercial piroxicam gel

Therapeutic application topical cephalexin cream in human

The therapeutic applications of topical cephalexin preparation were evaluated in patients with burn and other infected wounds. The topical preparation was a cream containing cephalexin powder [8%] and other compounds: White bees-wax, Cetyl alcohol, Propylene glycol and sodium lauryl sulfate in different concentration. The cream was used for patients divided into two groups regarding the depth of the wound. Comparative study was done between this cream and soframycin ointmentrr framycetin sulphate 1.5%, Gramicidin 0.005% [15g], which is usually used in the Iraqi hospitals. The result showed the superiority of the cephalexin cream regarding the rapidity of elimination of infection and enhancement of wound healing. The study was performed in Al-SHAHEED ADNAN hospital and teaching Baghdad hospital during the period from June 1992 till February 1994

Chenopodium oil: a new topical antifungal agent in otomycosis- [1] in vitro study

The search for new antifungal drugs for treatment of otomycosis is still continuing as there is currently no widely accepted, effective drug for eradication of otomycosis. The idea of investigating the antifungal effect of chenopodium oil was based on the observation that the plant extract was successfully used by natives to treat oral thrush in children. The study aimed at in vitro evaluation of the effect of chenopodium oil on the most common fungi causing otomycosis. Seventy patients [82 ears] with otomycosis were subjected to mycological study. The most commonly isolated fungi were Aspergillus niger [67%], Aspergillus flavus [14.6%], Candida albicans [9.8%], Aspergillus fumigates [6.1%]. These four fungi were used in this in vitro study. The results of this study indicated that chenopodium oil has got a definite fungicidal effect on the four tested fungi. The minimal inhibitory concentration [MIC] was 0.09% for A. niger, A. flavus and A. fumigates, while it was 0.08% for C. albicans effects

Topical nicotine application in hamster cheek pouch under the influence of nigellone injection

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of topical nicotine application to hamster cheek pouch under the influence of Nigellone injections. This study included 60 hamsters divided into 4 groups. The results revealed moderate dysplastic changes in group I painted with nicotine only. In group II treated with Nigellone and nicotine simultaneously, moderate to mild dysplasia was observed. In group III injected with Nigellone and stopped then painted with nicotine showed mild dysplasia. While in group IV injected with Nigellone and stopped, then painted with nicotine and Nigellone at the same time revealed almost normal epithelium with few atypical cells. The right cheek pouches of group I were served as control

effects of topical prostaglandin E2 on the nasal blood vessels. A study on patients with allergic rhinitis

In the present work, the effects of topical prostaglandin E2 [dinoprostone] on the nasal blood vessels of patients with allergic rhinitis were studied. The outstanding changes were constriction of the arterioles and capillaries [to a lesser extent] and tight closure of the interendothelial junctions. These changes caused a diminution of nasal blood flow and edema formation, a reduction in the size of the turbinates and consequently an increase in nasal patency. However, the drug had no effect on the nasal venules. The present research revealed the possibility of using dinoprostone topically to relieve nasal obstruction in allergic patients

Study of safety and toxicity of niclosamide as a topical anti schistosomal agent

In this study, topical Niclosamide was tested for safety and toxicological, hematological and biochemical parameters. Fifty albino rats [25 males and 25 females] weighing between 140 to 180 grams were used. 1% lotion was used for painting the tail and the abdomen of rats three times weekly for one week in case of acute toxicity study and for 6 weeks in case of chronic toxicity. Animals in all groups were tested for allergic reactions, body weight, food consumption, activity and mortality. Hematological tests were performed, including liver function tests SGPT and SGOT, albumin and globulin and A/G ratio, kidney function tests as serum creatinine and urea were also carried out together with cholesterol level. The results revealed that topical Niclosamide is free from any serious toxicological effects