Allium jesdianum Extract Induces Oxidative Stress and Necroptosis in Human Colorectal Cancer (HT-29) Cell Line

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the toxic impact of hydro-alcoholic Allium jesdianum extract (AJE) on the growth of HT-29 human colorectal cancer cell line. Phytochemical analysis using gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy (GCMS) was done to determine the bioactive components of AJE. HT-29 cells exposed to 0 (control), 25, 50, and 100 ��g/mL of AJE for 48 hours. Cell survival, colony numbers, flow cytometry, oxidative stress, and gene expression were examined to evaluate the toxic impacts of the AJE. Twelve different phyto-constituents with peak areas were determined by the GCMS analysis. The major compounds were Allicin and α-Pinene. AJE considerably reduced the viability and colony numbers of the HT-29 cells. The AJE concentration-dependently increased necrosis, but not apoptosis in the HT-29 cells. AJE upregulated the expression of necroptosis-associated genes including RIPK1, RIPK3, and MLKL in a concentration-dependent manner. AJE also dose-dependently enhanced MDA contents and reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and diminished antioxidant enzyme level in the HT-29 cells. These data collectively indicated that AJE prevented the growth of the HT-29 cells by inducing oxidative stress, and activation necroptosis signaling pathways.

Allium species poisoning in dogs and cats: [review]

Dogs and cats are the animals that owners most frequently seek assistance for potential poisonings, and these species are frequently involved with toxicoses due to ingestion of poisonous food. Feeding human foodstuff to pets may prove itself dangerous for their health, similarly to what is observed in Allium species toxicosis. Allium species toxicosis is reported worldwide in several animal species, and the toxic principles present in them causes the transformation of hemoglobin into methemoglobin, consequently resulting in hemolytic anemia with Heinz body formation. The aim of this review is to analyze the clinicopathologic aspects and therapeutic approach of this serious toxicosis of dogs and cats in order to give knowledge to veterinarians about Allium species toxicosis, and subsequently allow them to correctly diagnose this disease when facing it; and to educate pet owners to not feed their animals with Allium-containg food in order to better control this particular life-threatening toxicosis.