Effects of baicalin on inflammatory reaction, oxidative stress and PKDl and NF-kB protein expressions in rats with severe acute pancreatitis

Abstract Purpose: To investigate the effects of baicalin on inflammatory reaction, oxidative stress and protein kinase D1 (PKD1) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) protein expressions in severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) rats. Methods: Sixty rats were divided into sham operation, model, and low-, medium- and high-dose baicalin group. SAP model was established in later 4 groups. The later 3 groups were injected with 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4 ml/100 g 5% baicalin injection, respectively. At 12 h, the serum SAP related indexes and inflammatory factors, peripheral blood CD3 and γδT cell percentages, wet/dry ratio and pancreas ascites volume, oxidative stress indexes and PKD1 and NF-κB protein expressions in pancreatic tissue were determined. Results: Compared with model group, in high-dose baicalin group the wet/dry ratio and ascites volume, serum amylase level, phospholipase A2 activity, TNF-α, IL-1 and IL-6 levels, and pancreatic malondialdehyde level and PKD1 and NF-κB protein expression were significantly decreased (P < 0.05), and peripheral blood CD3 and γδT cell percentages and pancreatic superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase levels were significantly increased (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Baicalin can resist the inflammatory reaction and oxidative stress, and down-regulate protein kinase D1 and nuclear factor-kappa B protein expressions, thus exerting the protective effects on severe acute pancreatitis in rats.

[RETRACTED ARTICLE] Therapeutic effect and potential mechanism of pioglitazone in rats with severe acute pancreatitis

Caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 9 (Card9) is located upstream of the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inflammatory pathways. This study investigated the therapeutic effect and potential mechanism of pioglitazone in rats with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). SAP was induced by a retrograde infusion of 5.0% sodium taurocholate into the biliopancreatic duct of Sprague Dawley rats (n=54), which were then treated with pioglitazone. Blood and pancreatic tissues were harvested at 3, 6, and 12 h after SAP induction. Pancreatic pathological damage was evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Serum amylase, serum pro-inflammatory cytokines, and pancreatic myeloperoxidase (MPO) activities were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The expression of Card9 mRNA and protein in pancreatic tissues was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. Pioglitazone had a therapeutic effect in treating rats with SAP by decreasing the level of amylase activity, ameliorating pancreatic histological damage, decreasing serum pro-inflammatory cytokine levels and tissue MPO activity, and downregulating the expression of NF-κB, p38MAPK, and Card9 mRNAs and proteins (P<0.05). The present study demonstrated that the inhibition of Card9 expression could reduce the severity of SAP. Card9 has a role in the pathogenic mechanism of SAP.

Therapeutic effects of ellagic acid on L-arginin induced acute pancreatitis

ABSTRACT PURPOSE: To investigate the therapeutic effects of ellagic acid on L-arginin ınduced acute pancreatitis in rats. METHODS: Thirty-two were split into four groups. Group 1 (control) rats were performed only laparotomy, no drugs were administered. Group 2 (control+EA) rats were administered 85mg/kg EA orally. Rats were sacrificed by cardiac puncture 24 hours after the administration. Group3 (AP) 24 hours after intraperitoneal L-arginine administration, rats were sacrificed by cardiac puncture. Group 4 (EA)-(AP): 85mg/kg EA was administered orally after the L-arginine administration. 24 hours later, rats were sacrificed by cardiac puncture. Serum TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, total oxidative status (TOS), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), amylase levels were determined in all groups. RESULTS: Group 3 (AP) rats showed significantly raised TOS level as compared to Group1 (control) rats (p<0.001). Following the EA therapy, a decrease in TOS was observed in Group 4 (AP+EA). TAC levels were significantly raised in the Group 4 (AP+EA) compared to the Group 3 (AP) (p=0.003). Group 3 (AP) showed significantly increased TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 serum levels as compared to Group 4 (AP+EA). Histopathological changes were supported our result. CONCLUSION: The healing effects of ellagic acid on inflammatory and oxidative stress were confirmed by histopathological and biochemical evaluations of the pancreatic tissue.

Effects of radiation and alpha-tocopherol on saliva flow rate, amylase activity, total protein and electrolyte levels in oral cavity cancer.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the present study was to evaluate early and late effects of radiation and a-tocopherol on the secretion rate of saliva and on selected saliva salivary parameters in oral cavity cancer patients. PATIENTS & METHODS: Eighty-nine histologically confirmed oral cavity cancer patients (OCC) were enrolled in the study. Resting whole saliva was collected before, during and at the end of the radiation therapy (RT) and simultaneous supplementation with alpha - tocopherol to the radiation treated patients (RT + AT). RESULTS: Salivary flow rate, pH, amylase activity, total protein, sodium and potassium were analyzed. Increased pH, potassium and decreased flow rate, amylase activity, protein content and sodium were observed in 6 weeks of radiation treated patients when compared to OCC patients. A significant improvement of those parameters was observed on alpha - tocopherol supplementation in RT + AT patients. CONCLUSION: Supplementation with alpha - tocopherol improves the salivary flow rate thereby, maintains salivary parameters.

[Noscapine and acute pancreatitis: effects of different doses of noscapine on serum amylase level in experimental acute pancreatitis in rats]

Noscapine has been recently known as an antagonist of Bradykinin, and in this study its effect on the animal model of acute pancreatitis has been evaluated. 49 male Wistar rats have been evaluated in five experimental and four control groups. Common bile duct has been ligated by means of surgery to induce acute pancreatitis in rats. The resulted inflammation of the pancreas and the effect of Noscapine on it have been documented by measuring serum amylase levels. Amylase was measured in experimental groups after surgery and injection of Noscapine. Amylase was also measured in control groups while they did not undergo similar procedures. Results: The only meaningful effect of Noscapine values on the level of serum amylase was an unexpected increase in the 0.5 mg/kg dose; and in other doses [1, 2, 5, 10 mg/kg] the changes in the level of serum amylase were not meaningful. Noscapine has affected the inflammation of acute pancreatitis via probable mediation of Bradykinin, but the inflammation was not favorably reduced, probably because of short lifetime of Noscapine

Influencia de los diuréticos en el resultado de los análisis clínicos / Influence of diuretics on the result of clinical analysis

En este trabajo se realizó una revisión de los principales grupos de diuréticos, sus sitios y mecanismos de acción y sus efectos sobre las pruebas de laboratorio. Se analizó el efecto de los diuréticos sobre: el estado ácido base, los electrolitos séricos y urinarios, el ácido úrico sérico y urinario y sobre la glucemia. También se describió la influencia de los diuréticos sobre los análisis de orina. Finalmente, los efectos hematológicos de los mismos. El objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar la influencia de los diuréticos en los análisis clínicos, buscando los mecanismos fisiopatológicos o metodológicos de los casos citados

Serum biochemical determinations of propolis-treated rats

Ethanolic extracts of the bee glue, a resinous substance collected by honeybees called propolis, have been widely used in folk medicine since ancient times. Antibacterial, antifungal and thus antiseptic properties may represent the basis for the historical and present use of these extracts in dermatology, against inflammatory conditions and common colds. This work was carried out in order to verify possible biochemical alterations in some seric parameters of propolis-treated rats. It was shown that propolis possesses an antioxidant property and its administration did not affect either amylase and alanine transaminase activities or total protein concentration.

Inhibitory effect of Triphenyltin acetate on the digestive enzymes of hieroglyphus nigrorepletus bol

In the present investigation the effect on the digestive enzymes [invertase and amylase] of Hieroglyphus nigrorepletus was studied following ingestion of leaves treated with different concentration of triphenyltin acetate. It was found that the inhibition in the activity of the enzyme, was progressive from lower to higher concentration of TPTA till the maximum inhibition attained by 35 ppm concentration [41% amylase and 43% invertase]. It was further observed that this decrease in the activity of both the enzymes was less as compared to the inhibition in the activity of the enzymes obtained by topical, injection methods or mixing it into mixture of enzyme prior to incubation

Açäo de um esquema poliquimioterápico antineoplásico sobre a glicose e amilase sérica: provável acäo colateral sobre o tecido pancreático / Action of a antineoplastic polychemotherapy schedule on the glucose and serum amylase: probable collateral action on the pancreatic tissue

A discordância entre diagnóstico clínico e o resultado das análises laboratoriais tem sido uma constante no dia a dia da clínica médica. Esta situaçäo ficou esclarecida a partir dos trabalhos de CARAWAY (1962) que constatou a açäo interferente de medicamentos com poder de óxido reduçäo nos métodos de quantificaçäo da glicose e ácido úrico sérico, provocando um aumento sérico destes parâmetros bioquímicos. No presente trabalho, os resultados obtidos sugerem um açäo colateral sobre o tecido pancreático, constatada pelo aumento da glicose e amilase sérica quando pacientes com câncer de mama submeteram-se a poliquimioterapia antineoplástica constituída por metotrexate, fluoruracil e ciclosfosfamida