Efficacy of high-dose dual therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection eradication in servicemen: a randomized controlled trial / 中华内科杂志

Objective: To assess the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of high-dose dual therapy compared with bismuth-containing quadruple therapy for treating Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori) infection in servicemen patients. Methods: A total of 160 H. pylori-infected, treatment-naive servicemen, including 74 men and 86 women, aged from 20 years to 74 years, with a mean (SD) age of 43 (13) years, tested in the First Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from March 2022 to May 2022 were enrolled in this open-label, randomized controlled clinical trial. Patients were randomly allocated into 2 groups: the 14-day high-dose dual therapy group and the bismuth-containing quadruple therapy group. Eradication rates, adverse events, patient compliance, and drug costs were compared between the two groups. The t-test was used for continuous variables, and the Chi-square test for categorical variables. Results: No significant difference in H. pylori eradication rates were found between high-dose dual therapy and bismuth-containing quadruple therapy by ITT, mITT and PP analysis[ITT:90.0% (95%CI 81.2%-95.6%) vs. 87.5% (95%CI 78.2%-93.8%), χ2=0.25, P=0.617;mITT:93.5% (95%CI 85.5%-97.9%) vs. 93.3% (95%CI 85.1%-97.8%), χ2<0.01, P=1.000; PP: 93.5% (95%CI 85.5%-97.9%) vs. 94.5% (95%CI 86.6%-98.5%), χ2<0.01, P=1.000 ]. The dual therapy group exhibited significantly less overall side effects compared with the quadruple therapy group [21.8% (17/78) vs. 38.5% (30/78), χ2=5.15,P=0.023]. There were no significant differences in the compliance rates between the two groups [98.7%(77/78) vs. 94.9%(74/78), χ2=0.83,P=0.363]. The cost of medications in the dual therapy was 32.0% lower compared with that in the quadruple therapy (472.10 RMB vs. 693.94 RMB). Conclusions: The dual regimen has a favorable effect on the eradication of H. pylori infection in servicemen patients. Based on the ITT analysis, the eradication rate of the dual regimen is grade B (90%, good). Additionally, it exhibited a lower incidence of adverse events, better compliance and significantly reduced cost. The dual regimen is expected to be a new choice for the first-line treatment of H. pylori infection in servicemen but needs further evaluation.

Reacciones adversas de los diez fármacos más notificados. Matanzas 2014 al 2017 / Adverse reactions to the ten most reported drugs in Matanzas 2014-2017

RESUMEN Introducción: la toxicidad de los fármacos es compleja y difícilmente valorable, por la cantidad de factores que intervienen en su producción, como modo de aparición, duración y gravedad de las reacciones adversas. La importancia de estas reacciones está dada por la frecuencia y gravedad con que un fármaco o familia de fármacos las producen. Objetivo: caracterizar las principales reacciones adversas que provocan los medicamentos, los grupos de edades con más riesgos, los sistemas de órganos que se afectan, la frecuencia, imputabilidad y la intensidad de las mismas. Materiales y métodos: estudio observacional, descriptivo, de serie de casos en farmacovigilancia. El universo fue las reacciones adversas de los 10 fármacos más notificados por la Unidad Coordinadora Provincial de Farmacovigilancia en Matanzas, en el periodo 2014-2017. Se estudiaron las variables: medicamentos, grupo farmacológico, datos demográficos, nivel de atención, tipo de efecto adverso, intensidad, imputabilidad y frecuencia. Resultados: se notificaron 10 fármacos con 2 216 reacciones. La vacuna pentavalente fue la más notificada, con un 17,6 %, seguido por la amoxicilina y las penicilinas. Predominó el sexo femenino con 1 279 reportes, (59,1 %) y los adultos, con 1 010 notificaciones, (46,6 %). La atención primaria de salud fue la de mayor número de notificaciones, 2 082 reportes, (96,1 %). Las principales reacciones fueron: la erupción cutánea, la fiebre y la urticaria. Predominaron reacciones moderadas; 1 972 reportes, (91,1 %), aquellas clasificadas como probables, 1 887 reportes, (87,1 %) y las frecuentes con 1 284 reportes, (59,2 %). Conclusiones: el sistema de farmacovigilancia en la provincia proporcionó sistemáticamente información sobre la seguridad de los medicamentos, lo que permitió el conocimiento de la relación beneficio-riesgo de los medicamentos presentes en el mercado, así como los más usados.

ABSTRACT Introduction: drugs toxicity is complex and of difficult assessment, due to the quantity of factors intervening in its production, like emergency way, duration, and seriousness of the adverse reactions. The importance of these reactions is given by the frequency and seriousness a drug or a drug family produces them. Objective: to characterize the main adverse reactions caused by medicines, the age groups having higher risk, the most affec6ted systems of organs, frequency, imputability and intensity. Material and methods: descriptive, observational study of a series of cases in pharmacovigilance. The universe was the adverse reactions of the ten drugs most reported by the Provincial Coordinating Unit of Pharmacovigilance in the period 2014-2017. The studied variables were: drugs, pharmacological group, demographic data, health care level, kind of adverse effect, intensity, imputability and frequency. Results: ten drugs were reported with 2 216 reactions. The pentavalent vaccine was the most reported one, with 17.6 %, followed by amoxicillin and penicillin. There was a predominance of the female sex with 1 279 reports (59.1 %), and adult people with 1 010 reports (46.6 %). The highest number of reports was made by the primary health care, 2 082 (96.1 %). The main reactions were skin rash, fever and urticaria. There was a predominance of mild reactions: 1 972 reports (91.1 %); reactions classified as probable: 1 887 reports (87.1 %): ands frequent ones: 1 284 reports (59.2 %). Conclusions: the pharmacovigilance system in the province systematically provided information on drugs´ safeness that allowed knowing the benefit-risk relation of the medicines that are in the market, and also which are the most used ones.

Atividade antibacteriana de cimentos endodônticos puros e acrescidos de antibióticos contra duas linhagens ATCC de Enterococcus faecalis / Antibacterial activity of pure endodontic sealers and antibiotic-loaded sealers against two ATCC strains of Enterococcus faecalis

Introdução: canais radiculares necrosados e não tratados se caracterizam pela presença de uma microbiota mista e polimicrobiana.O E. faecalis demonstra alta resistência a medicamentos usados durante o tratamento endodôntico, sendo um dos poucos microrganismos que tem demonstrado in vitro resistir ao efeito antibacteriano do hidróxido de cálcio. Além disso, é a espécie bacteriana mais frequentemente isolada, com prevalência variando entre 29% e 77% nos canais radiculares de dentes com insucesso endodôntico. Objetivo: avaliar a atividade antibacteriana dos cimentos endodônticos MTA Fillapex, Sealapex, Sealer 26 e Endofill puros e acrescidos de amoxicilina e ciprofloxacina frente a duas linhagens ATCC de Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212 e ATCC 4083). Método: os testes foram realizados pela técnica de difusão radial dos cimentos aplicados diretamente no ágar, impregnados em discos de papel aplicados sobre o ágar e pelo teste de contato direto. Para a análise estatística utilizaram-se os testes de ANOVA e Tukey com nível de significância de 5%. Resultados e Discussão: os resultados mostraram que pela técnica da difusão radial, considerando os cimentos puros, o Sealapex foi o único que apresentou halo de inibição frente às duas linhagens. Já, quando da associação da amoxicilina e ciprofloxacina o MTA Fillapex demonstrou os melhores halos de inibição para as duas linhagens. Todos os cimentos tiveram a ação potencializada pela adição dos antibióticos (p<0,05). Pela técnica de difusão dos cimentos impregnados em discos de papel, o cimento Sealapex puro fresco revelou atividade antimicrobiana e também em todas as variáveis de tempo. Quando acrescidos os antibióticos, todos os cimentos tiveram a ação antimicrobiana potencializada pelas drogas, em todas as variáveis de tempo. Este mesmo resultado foi observado na técnica do contato direto dos cimentos com ambas as linhagens. Conclusão: a atividade antibacteriana, frente ao E. faecalis, dos cimentos MTA Fillapex, Endofill, Sealer e Sealapex acrescidos os antibióticos amoxicilina e ciprofloxacina, é potencializada mesmo após um longo período da presa dos cimentos.

Introduction: necrotic root canals and untreated are characterized by the presence of a mixed and polymicrobial flora. E. faecalis show high resistance to drugs used during endodontic treatment, one of the few microorganisms which have shown in vitro to resist the antibacterial effect of calcium hydroxide. Furthermore, it is the bacterial species most often isolated, with a prevalence ranging between 29% and 77%, in root canals of teeth with endodontic failure. Objective: the aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the sealers MTA Fillapex, Sealapex, Sealer 26 and Endofill, pure and loaded with amoxicillin and ciprofloxacin against two ATCC strains of Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212 and ATCC 4083). Method: the tests were conducted by means of radial diffusion technique of the cement applied in to the agar, impregnated paper discs applied on the agar and by the direct contact test. For the statistical analysis, the ANOVA and the Tukey?s test were used at a 5% significance level. Results and Discussion: results showed that, through the technique of radial diffusion, regarding the pure cements, the Sealapex was the only one that showed inhibition halo for the two strains. However, considering the association of amoxicillin and ciprofloxacin Fillapex, the MTA showed better inhibition zones for the two strains. All cements had their actions enhanced by with addition of antibiotics (p <0.05). Through the technique of diffusion of cements impregnated in paper discs, the Sealapex pure fresh cement revealed an antimicrobial activity and also in all the variables of time. When loaded with antibiotics, all cements had the antimicrobial action potentiated by drugs in all variables of time. The same result was observed in the technique of direct contact of cement with both strains. Conclusionn: the antibacterial activity against the E. faecalis, of the cements MTA Fillapex, Endofill, Sealer and Sealapex loaded with the antibiotics amoxicillin and ciprofloxacin, is enhanced even after a long period of use of cements.

Hypersensitivity myocarditis confirmed by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and endomyocardial biopsy

Myocarditis often occurs due to viral infections and postviral immune-mediated responses. Hypersensitivity myocarditis is a rare form of myocarditis. Numerous drugs can induce myocarditis, which is typically reversible after withdrawal of the causative agent. Here, we report a case of hypersensitivity myocarditis that was probably triggered by amoxicillin and that resolved completely with heart failure management as well as discontinuation of the drug. A 68-year-old woman presented with acute chest pain mimicking acute coronary syndromes, but the coronary angiography was normal. A recent history of taking medications, skin rash, and peripheral eosinophilia suggested a diagnosis of hypersensitivity myocarditis, which was confirmed by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and endomyocardial biopsy.

A importância das provas epicutâneas de contacto no diagnóstico diferencial de reações a medicamentos / The importance of patch tests in the differential diagnosis of adverse drug reactions

O eritema exsudativo multiforme é uma erupção aguda, autolimitada, frequentemente associada a infecções (geralmente virais), doenças sistêmicas e fármacos. Apresenta-se o caso de uma mulher de 39 anos, com o diagnóstico de lúpus eritematoso sistêmico, que recorreu à Urgência com quadro de eritema exsudativo multiforme, com início 10 dias após tomar amoxicilina e ácido clavulânico por amigdalite e, quase simultaneamente, receber a vacina antipneumocócica. Colocou-se também a hipótese de síndrome de Rowell. Efetuaram-se testes epicutâneos de contacto com bateria básica (portuguesa) e princípios ativos dos fármacos suspeitos (Chemotechnique®). Encontrou-se hipersensibilidade à amoxicilina 10 por cento vas (++), à ampicilina 10 por cento vas (++) e à penicilina G potássica 10 por cento vas (+), atribuindo-se à amoxicilina a causa mais provável do eritema exsudativo multiforme.

Exudative erythema multiforme is an acute self-limited skin disease often associated with infections (usually viral), and also with systemic diseases and drugs. We report the case of a 39-year-old woman diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus, who presented at the emergency clinic with exudative erythema multiforme which started 10 days after taking amoxicillin and clavulanic acid for tonsillitis together (almost simultaneously) with the pneumococcal vaccine. Rowell's syndrome was also considered to be a possibility. Skin patch tests were carried with the standard battery of patches (GPEDC) and the active ingredients of the suspected drugs (Chemotechnique ®), with readings at D2 and D3. The tests were positive for amoxicillin 10 percent pet (++), ampicillin 10 percent pet (+ +) and penicillin G potassium 10 percent pet (+). We accepted the diagnosis of erythema multiforme due to amoxicillin, confirmed by patch testing.

A case of amoxicillin-induced hepatocellular liver injury with bile-duct damage / 대한간학회지

Amoxicillin, an antibiotic that is widely prescribed for various infections, is associated with a very low rate of drug-induced liver injury; hepatitis and cholestasis are rare complications. Here we present a case of a 39-year-old woman who was diagnosed with abdominal actinomycosis and received amoxicillin treatment. The patient displayed hepatocellular and bile-duct injury, in addition to elevated levels of liver enzymes. The patient was diagnosed with amoxicillin-induced cholestatic hepatitis. When amoxicillin was discontinued, the patient's symptoms improved and her liver enzyme levels reduced to near to the normal range.

Emprego de meta-análise para avaliação da intercambialidade entre medicamentos / Use of meta-analysis in order to evaluate the interchangeable of medicines

No Brasil, os medicamentos genéricos e similares devem ser submetidos a ensaios de biodisponibilidade relativa/ bioequivalência para comprovação de sua intercambiabilidade com o medicamento referência. Nestes ensaios, o medicamento genérico, ou similar, é comparado com o medicamento referência em um estudo cruzado, mas não é comparado com outros genéricos ou similares do mercado. Desta forma, podemos afirmar que todo medicamento genérico ou similar é intercambiável com o medicamento de referência, mas não temos informações sobre a intercambiabilidade de um genérico com outro genérico ou com um similar. Entretanto, é comum que os pacientes substituam não apenas medicamento de referência pelo genérico ou similar correspondente, mas também um genérico por outro genérico, ou um genérico por um similar. Assim sendo, a questão que se coloca é se essas substituições entre genéricos e entre genérico e similar, podem gerar problemas de eficácia e/ou segurança para os pacientes. Para tentar responder essa questão foi proposta uma análise estatística, a meta-análise, onde seria possível avaliar a biodisponibilidade relativa/ bioequivalência entre genéricos, entre similares ou genérico e similar a partir dos resultados dos ensaios em que estes medicamentos foram comparados ao referência. Assim, o objetivo do estudo proposto foi aplicar técnicas estatísticas de meta-análise na avaliação da intercambiabilidade entre diferentes medicamentos similares de um mesmo medicamento referência. Amoxicilina foi escolhida como fármaco modelo para este estudo. Foram realizados três estudos de bioidisponibilidade relativa do tipo quantitativo direto, com delineamento aleatório, cruzado e aberto para comparar os produtos (Ti, T2, T3) a três diferentes lotes do produto de referência (R1, R2, R3)...

Efecto del probiótico Saccharomyces boulardii en la prevención de la diarrea asociada con antibióticos en adultos ambulatorios en tratamiento con amoxicilina / Effect of probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii on prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in adult outpatients with amoxicillin treatment

Background: Antibiotic-associated diarrhea is one of the most common adverse effects of antimicrobials. Any antimicrobial can potentially produce diarrhea but beta-lactamics have a higher risk. Among these, amoxicillin is widely indicated in ambulatory practice. One ofthe alternatives suggested to prevent antibiotic-associated diarrhea, is the use of the probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii. Aim: To evalúate whether the concomitant use of Saccharomyces boulardii and amoxicillin can prevent antibiotic associated diarrhea in ambulatory adults with acute infections diseases, without provoking other adverse effects. Material and Methods: Eighty six adults (aged 15 to 81 years) with acute infectious diseases, excluding those arising in the gastrointestinal tract, that received a prescription of oral amoxicillin for 5 to 10 days, were included. In a controlled randomized, double blind trial, 41 patients were assigned to receive lyophilized Saccharomyces boulardii (500 mg/day) duríng 12 days, and 45 patients were assigned to placebo for the same period. Results: Ten percent of patients (9/86) reported acute diarrhea, 9,8 percent (4/41) in the experimental group and 11.196 (5/45) in the control group (p = 100). No adverse effects were associated to the use of the probiotic. Conclusions: Saccharomyces boulardii (500 mg/day) did not prevent diarrhea related to amoxicillin.

Avaliação da antibioticoterapia na morbidade pós-adenotonsilectomia: estudo prospectivo randomizado / Antibiotic use in post-adenotonsillectomy morbidity: a randomized prospective study

A tonsilectomia, associada ou não à adenoidectomia, continua a ser um dos procedimentos cirúrgicos mais realizados mundialmente, incidindo principalmente sobre a população pediátrica. OBJETIVO: Investigar o impacto do uso da amoxacilina por 7 dias na recuperação pós adenoamigdalectomia, comparando os resultados com um grupo controle. Tipo de Estudo: Estudo prospectivo randomizado controlado com 120 pacientes. PACIENTES E MÉTODO: Os pacientes foram randomizados ao tempo da cirurgia para receber um curso de 7 dias de amoxacilina associada a analgésicos ou apenas analgésicos. Durante a primeira semana de pós-operatório foram avaliados o grau de dor, aceitação da via oral, náuseas e vômitos, febre e retorno às atividades. RESULTADOS: Somente no 4º pós-operatório o grupo recebendo antibiótico teve uma diferença estatística significante no grau de dor. Não houve diferença entre os dois grupos para outros dados analisados. CONCLUSÃO: Considerando os resultados do nosso estudo e revisando a literatura sobre o uso de antibióticos, nós concordamos que não há nenhuma melhora na recuperação dos pacientes submetidos à adenoamigdalectomia após o uso de amoxicilina por 7 dias.

Tonsillectomy with or without adenoidectomy still is one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures in the world, mostly in the pediatric population. AIM: to study the impact of amoxicillin for 7 days in post-adenotonsillectomy recovery, comparing results with a control group. Study type: prospective, randomized, controlled study with 120 patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: the patients were randomized according to surgery time to receive 7 days of amoxicillin associated with pain killers, or analgesic alone. During the first week of postoperative, we assessed the level of pain, oral intake acceptance, nausea and vomits, fever and return to daily activities. RESULTS: It was only in the fourth post-operative day that the group receiving antibiotic agents showed a statistically significant difference as far as pain is concerned. There was no difference between the two groups for other data analyzed. CONCLUSION: considering the results from our study and reviewing the literature on the use of antibiotic agents, we agree that there is no improvement in patient recovery after adenotonsillectomy with the use of amoxicillin for 7 days in the postoperative.

Concentração inibitória mínima (CIM) de oito antimicrobianos frente isolados de Streptococcus suis / Mininum inhibitory concentration of eigth antibiotics toward isolates of Streptococcus suis

Avaliou-se a concentração inibitória mínima (CIM) de 75 isolados de Streptococcus suis frente a oito antimicrobianos freqüentemente utilizados no controle da infecção por esse microrganismo. A CIM foi realizada em placas previamente preparadas com ágar sangue, contendo concentrações variando de 0,25 a 256 μg/ml dos seguintes antimicrobianos: amoxicilina, ampicilina, penicilina, ceftiofur sódico, florfenicol, lincomicina, penicilina, sulfametoxazol-trimetoprim e tetraciclina. A amoxicilina nas concentrações de 1 e 2 μg/ml, o florfenicol a 1 μg/ml e o sulfametoxazol-trimetoprim nas concentrações de 2 e 8 μg/ml, foram os antimicrobianos frente aos quais os microrganismos apresentaram menor resistência. Em contraste, a ampicilina, tetraciclina, ceftiofur sódico e lincomicina, foram menos efetivos, apresentando CIM de (64 e 128 μg/ml), (64 e 128 μg/ml), (128 e 256 μg/ml) e (>256 μg/ml), respectivamente. Os resultados deste estudo demonstram que a amoxicilina e o florfenicol são os antibióticos de escolha para o tratamento de infecções pelo S. suis em suínos.

The minimun inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined toward amoxicilin, ampicilin, penicillin, ceftiofur, florfenicol, lincomycin, trimethoprim-sulfadiazine and tetracycline for 75 strains of Streptococcus suis. The MIC was performed on sheep blood agar plates containing concentrations varying from 0,25 to 256 μg/ml of the antibiotic described above. The amoxicilin in the concentrations of 1 and 2 μg/ml, florfenicol in the concentration of 1 μg/ml and trimethoprim-sulfadiazine in the concentrations of 2 e 8 μg/ml, were the antibiotics that presented minor resistance. In contrast, the ampicilin, tetracycline, ceftiofur and lincomycin, presented MIC of 64 and 128 μg/ml, 64 and 128 μg/ml, 128 and 256 μg/ml and >256 μg/ml, respectively. The results of this study show that the amoxicilin and florfenicol are the antibiotics of choice for the treatment of diseases by S. suis in swine.

Mieux prescrire l'amoxicilline (2eme partie)

Nous presentons la 2eme partie de notre systeme sur l'amoxicilline; celle consacree aux aspects pratiques de l'utilisation de cet antibiotique. Nous avons volontairement limite l'utilisation de l'amoxicilline a la voie orale. L'utilisation de l'amoxicilline associee a d'autres antibiotiques; lors d'infections graves chez les sujets ages et / ou alcoolo dependants et / o denutris; ainsi que chez les patients immunodeprimes n'est pas non plus abordee

Carbamazepine--the commonest cause of toxic epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome: a study of 7 years.

BACKGROUND: Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) and Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) are a group of severe life threatening drug reactions. The drugs commonly implicated as the cause of these drug reactions vary depending on host factors and the prescription pattern of drugs in that particular area. AIM: The aim of the study was to find the drugs implicated as the cause of SJS/TEN in the patients admitted in the dermatology ward at the Medical College, Thrissur and to find the clinical outcome. METHODS: It was a retrospective study of 7 years from 1997 to 2004. The case records of all patients with a clinical diagnosis of TEN or SJS were studied in detail regarding the drugs implicated as the cause, the management and the clinical outcome. RESULTS: During the study period, 41 patients in the age group ranging from 12 to 72 years were treated as inpatients, of which 20 were males and 21 were females. The commonest drug implicated as the cause of SJS/TEN was carbamazepine (44%). The indication for carbamazepine was control of pain in more than 50% of the cases. Presence of a major systemic disease before the onset of SJS/TEN was associated with a bad prognosis. CONCLUSION: The increased use of carbamazepine, especially for control of pain, may be the reason for the increased incidence of SJS/TEN due to the same drug. Awareness about the drugs implicated in life threatening drug reactions will help physicians in preventing them by judicious use of the drugs.

Acute renal failure due to acute tubulointerstitial nephritis.

Acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) should be ruled out in children with unexplained acute renal failure. We present a 4 1/2 year old girl who presented with oliguric acute renal failure preceded by a febrile illness. Renal histopathology revealed features of drug induced AIN. She recovered with dialysis, other supportive treatment and a course of steroids.

Hepatotoxicidad por amoxicilina/ácido clavulánico: caso clínico / Hepatotoxixity associated to the use of amoxicillin clavulanic acid

We report a 72 years old diabetic male that, after the use of combined amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, developed pruritus and jaundice. Liver function tests showed serum total bilirubin of 4.3 mg/dL aspartate aminotransferase 140 U/l (normal <35 U/L), alanine aminotransferase 470 U/L (normal <40) and alkaline phosphatases of 400 U/L (normal <100). Serology for hepatitis A, B and C viruses was negative, ERCP showed a normal biliary tree and liver biopsy disclosed a cholestatic hepatitis. Ursodeoxycholic was started to relieve pruritus. Liver function tests improved shortly thereafter, suggesting that this drug may be useful in the treatment of drug induced cholestasis

Comparaçäo entre a levofloxacina oral e a associaçäo de amoxicilina e clavulanato de potássio no tratamento da sinusite bacteriana aguda em adultos / A comparison of oral levofloxacin and amoxicillin clavulanate for the treatment of acute bacterial sinusitis in adults

Os autores apresentam um estudo multicêntrico, aberto, randomizado para comparar a eficácia e tolerabilidade da Levofloxacina oral à associação de Amoxicilina e Clavulanato de potássio no tratamento de sinusite bacteriana aguda em adultos. A Levofloxacina foi administrada na dose de 500 mg 1 vez ao dia, enquanto a associação Amoxicilina (500mg)/Clavulanato de potássio (125 mg) foi administrada 3 vezes ao dia, ambos tratamentos com duração de 14 dias. Foram avaliados os sintomas dor facial, rinorréia purulenta e obstrução nasal e também os sinais hiperemia, edema, secreção purulenta e dor a palpação dos seios paranasais. Os pacientes foram avaliados na admissão, com 3 a 6 dias de tratamento, 2 a 5 dias pós terapia e com 28 a 32 dias após o término da terapia. Foram classificados de acordo com a eficácia do tratamento em curados, melhorados, com falha terapêutica ou incapazes de serem avaliados. Foram também submetidos a questionários para verificação da aceitação da medicação. Ao fim do estudo, os autores classificaram a eficácia e a tolerabilidade como boas em ambos os grupos de medicamentos, não havendo diferença estatisticamente significante entre os mesmos. Concluindo, a Levofloxacina oral mostrou-se tão eficaz e com boa tolerabilidade quanto a associação Amoxicilina/Clavulanato de potássio para o tratamento da sinusite bacteriana aguda em adultos.

Estudo farmacocinetico randomizado e cruzado de duas formulacoes farmaceuticas de amoxicilina oral (comprimidos e capsular) em trs dosagens diferentes / Randomized cross-over pharmacokinetic study with two oral amoxicilin pharmaceutical forms(tablets and capsules)at three different dosages

Existem varias preparacoes contendo amoxicilina disponiveis no mercado.Diante da ausencia de consenso em relacao a dosagem diaria,novas perspcetivas se abresm em busca desta dosagem ideal.Confirmando esta tendencia este estudo foi realizado com objetivo de verificar os niveis sericos alcancados por uma formulacao em comprimidos com duas concentracoes(500mg e 1.000mg)e por uma formulacao em capsulas de 500mg.O estudo foi realizado em 18 voluntarios sadios,sendo 9 participantes do sexo masculino e 9 do sexo feminino,com idades entre 21 e 36 anos.Cada individuo recebeu tres diferentes regimes de tratamento de forma randomizada e cruzada:um comprimido de 500mg tres vezes ao dia,uma capsula de 500mg tres vezes ao dia e um comprimido de 1.000mg duas vezes ao dia.As concentracoes seticas foram obtidas pela cromatografia liquida de alta performance(HPLC)

Drugs causing fixed eruption in children. a study of 31 cases

This is the largest series of fixed drug eruption [FDE] in children ever reported from one centre. Out of thirty five clinically diagnosed cases of FDE, 31 patients were positive to oral provocation tests. Cotrimoxazole was the commonest cause of FDE. Other incriminated drugs were paracetamol, acetylsalicylic acid, phenylbutazone, ampicillin, amoxycillin, tetracycline, metamizole and mefenamic acid. Cross-sensitivity was seen between penicillin derivatives; Polysensitivity with various drugs was observed in 4 cases [12.8 percent]. Cross-sensitivity between ampicillin/amoxycillin and polysensitivity among different drugs are still unreported