Aneurisma de ventrículo esquerdo roto e contido: um relato de caso / Left ventricular aneurysm with contained rupture

Relato de caso: Paciente masculino, 70 anos, hipertenso, diabético, dislipidêmico e ex-tabagista. Apresentou infarto agudo do miocárdio com supradesnivelamento do segmento ST de parede anterior, sendo submetido à angioplastia da artéria descendente anterior em julho de 2022. Em setembro de 2022, foi admitido em serviço de emergência de hospital geral com quadro de dor torácica ventilatório-dependente e dispneia. Ao exame físico, seu quadro era estável hemodinamicamente.

Atrial Septal Aneurysm and Atrial Septal Defect Association - an Uncommon But Well-Recognized Association

Abstract Atrial septal aneurysm (ASA) is an uncommon but well-recognized cardiac abnormality. This educational text reviews the case of a 54-year-old female presenting an ASA related to a small ostium secundum atrial septal defect. The considerable signs and symptoms, interestingly, have not been justified by the clinical and hemodynamic investigations. So, we opted for a better imaging investigation with cardiac catheterization and transesophageal echocardiography. The surgical process was earlier indicated and performed with aid of cardiopulmonary bypass.

Transaneurysmal R=repair of a giant calcified submitral left ventricular aneurysm

Abstract Submitral left ventricular aneurysm is a rare cardiac pathology with very few cases reported in the literature. These are nonischemic aneurysms mostly reported from Africa. Patients with submitral aneurysm exhibit varied clinical manifestations. We report a case of calcified submitral aneurysm and its successful surgical management through a transaneurysmal approach.

Left ventricular aneurysm repair: off-pump linear plication versus on-pump patch plasty

Abstract Objective: The study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes of simplified linear plication and classic patch plasty in patients with left ventricular aneurysm (LVA). Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 282 patients undergoing LVA repair between 2006 and 2016. After propensity score matching, 45 pairs of patients receiving LVA surgery were divided into either a patch group (on-pump endoventricular patch plasty) or a plication group (off-pump linear plication). Then, their early surgical outcomes and long-term survival were compared in two matched groups. Results: The heart function improvement at discharge was similar in the two matched groups, while patients in the patch group more commonly suffered from low cardiac output syndrome (P=0.042) with higher proportion of intra-aortic balloon pumping assistance (P=0.034) than patients in the plication group. Compared with patients in the patch group, the patients in the plication group had shorter recovery times, regarding to mechanical ventilation, intensive care unit stay, and hospital stay (P<0.001, P<0.001, and P=0.001, respectively). No significant difference was found in the long-term survival (P=0.62). Conclusions: Off-pump linear plication presented acceptable results in terms of early outcomes and long-term survival. For high-risk patients, the simplified LVA repair technique may be an option.

Congenital aneurysm of the right atrium: two cases report

Abstract Congenital aneurysm or enlargement of the right atrium is a rare condition. Two children operated on at the age of 14 months and 11 years old for congenital aneurysm of the right atrium are reported. Both presented cardiomegaly and symptoms of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. Diagnosis was established by echocardiography. Surgical resection was successful. Both patients are free of symptoms and their chest X-ray and echocardiogram are normal. The first patient is now in her 17th postoperative year. The patients' evolution suggests that the surgery is a curative procedure.

Application of circular patch plasty (dor procedure) or linear repair techniques in the treatment of left ventricular aneurysms

Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate early clinical outcomes and echocardiographic measurements of the left ventricle in patients who underwent left ventricular aneurysm repair using two different techniques associated to myocardial revascularization. Methods: Eighty-nine patients (74 males, 15 females; mean age 58±8.4 years; range: 41 to 80 years) underwent post-infarction left ventricular aneurysm repair and myocardial revascularization performed between 1996 and 2016. Ventricular reconstruction was performed using endoventricular circular patch plasty (Dor procedure) (n=48; group A) or linear repair technique (n=41; group B). Results: Multi-vessel disease in 55 (61.7%) and isolated left anterior descending (LAD) disease in 34 (38.2%) patients were identified. Five (5.6%) patients underwent aneurysmectomy alone, while the remaining 84 (94.3%) patients had aneurysmectomy with bypass. The mean number of grafts per patient was 2.1±1.2 with the Dor procedure and 2.9±1.3 with the linear repair technique. In-hospital mortality occurred in 4.1% and 7.3% in group A and group B, respectively (P>0.05). Conclusion: The results of our study demonstrate that post-infarction left ventricular aneurysm repair can be performed with both techniques with acceptable surgical risk and with satisfactory hemodynamic improvement.

Surgical treatment of a giant left ventricular aneurysm- A case report / Tratamento cirúrgico do aneurisma gigante de ventrículo esquerdo - Relato de caso

An aneurysm of the left ventricle is a complication of acute myocardial infarction. We report a case of a giant aneurysm of the left ventricle after myocardial infarction in a 59 year-old male patient. The surgery to correct the aneurysm was performed with the use of cardiopulmonary bypass under normothermia. A bovine pericardial patch was used for the geometric reconstruction of the ventricular wall affected by the aneurysm. After the procedure, echocardiography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction and volume reduction.

O aneurisma de ventrículo esquerdo é uma complicação do infarto agudo do miocárdio. Relatamos um caso de um aneurisma gigante de ventrículo esquerdo pós-infarto de miocárdio em um paciente de 59 anos do sexo masculino. A cirurgia para correção do aneurisma foi realizada com uso de circulação extracorpórea sob normotermia. Utilizou-se uma placa de pericárdio bovino para a reconstrução geométrica da parede ventricular acometida pelo aneurisma. Após o procedimento, ecocardiografia e ressonância magnética revelaram melhora da fração de ejeção com redução do volume ventricular esquerdo.

Divertículo congénito del ventrículo izquierdo en el niño: una experiencia africana / Congenital diverticulum of the left ventricle in children: an African experience

Se describe el caso de un escolar africano, de 7 años de edad, con un divertículo congénito del ventrículo izquierdo que fue exitosamente tratado mediante cirugía. Esta es una afección infrecuente, mal interpretada y potencialmente letal. Se ha descrito una amplia variedad de manifestaciones clínicas, y el diagnóstico se basa en el examen físico, los resultados radiográficos y electrocardiográficos. Estos últimos son indispensables, pues con el Doppler en color se puede observar el cortocircuito (shunt) desde el ventrículo hasta la cámara diverticular, alternativamente en sístole y diástole. La angiocardiografía, la tomografía axial y sobre todo la resonancia magnética son, sin duda, elementos que contribuyen a corroborar el diagnóstico. Diferentes técnicas quirúrgicas se han empleado con éxito en la reparación de este defecto

Authors describe the case of an African schoolboy aged 7, with a congenital diverticulum of left ventricle successfully treated by surgery. This is a uncommon affection, misinterpreted and potentially lethal. Many clinical manifestations have been described and the diagnosis is based on the physical examination, radiographic and electrocardiographic results. These latter are essential since with the use of color-Doppler it is possible to note the shunt from the ventricle up to the diverticulum camera in systole and in diastole. The angiocardiography, axial tomography (AT) and mainly the magnetic resonance (MR) are undoubtedly, elements contributing to corroborate the diagnosis. Different surgical techniques have been successfully used in repair of this defect

Efficacy of aneurysmectomy in patients with severe left ventricular dysfunction: favorable short-and long-term results in ischemic cardiomyopathy

INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was to (1) identify the functional results after aneurysm surgery in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy and (2) identify predictors of favorable outcomes. METHODS AND MATERIAL: Patients (n = 169) with angiographic left ventricular ejection fraction of 22±5 percent underwent aneurysm surgery and were prospectively followed for three years. Prior to surgery, 40 percent and 60 percent of the patients were in congestive heart failure NYHA class I/II and III/IV, respectively. Concomitant revascularization was performed on 95 percent of the patients. RESULTS: Cumulative in-hospital and 36-month mortalities were 7 percent and 15 percent, respectively. These respective rates varied according to preoperative parameters: CHF class I-II, 4 percent and 13 percent; CHF class III-IV, 8 percent and 16 percent; LVEF,20 percent, 12 percent and 26 percent; LVEF 21-30 percent, 2 percent and 6 percent; gated LVEF exercise/rest .5 percent, ,1 percent and 4 percent; and gated LVEF exercise/rest #5 percent, 17 percent and 38 percent. Higher LVEF ex/rest ratio (p = 0.01), male sex (p = 0.05), and a higher number of grafts (p = 0.01) were predictive of improvement in CHF class at follow-up based on the results of a multivariate analysis. After three years of follow-up, 84 percent of the patients were in class I/II, LVEF was 45±7 percent, and gated LVEF ex/rest ratio was 13 percent higher (p,0.01) compared to the beginning of the study. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that aneurysmectomy among patients with severe LV dysfunction result in shortand long-term favorable functional outcome and survival. Selection of appropriate surgical candidates may substantially improve survival rates among these patients.

Incessant ventricular tachycardia acutely controlled with off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery and aneurysmal plication

There are many treatment modalities available to acutely terminate incessant ventricular tachycardia with variable success rates, but some cases tend to prove refractory to all of them. We report a 59-year-old woman presenting with incessant ventricular tachycardia. Echocardiography revealed a large true apical aneurysm and severe left ventricular dysfunction. The arrhythmia was controlled in the operating room after off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery and plication of the apical aneurysm

Remodelamento reverso cirúrgico do ventrículo esquerdo: seguimento de 111 meses / Surgical reverse remodelling of the left ventricle: 111 months of follow-up

Objetivo: Apresentar a experiência do Instituto de Cirurgia Cardiovascular do Oeste do Paraná (ICCOP) com o tratamento de aneurismas de ventrículo esquerdo, com a técnica de endoventriculoplastia com exclusão septal (EVES), imediata e o seguimento por 111 meses. Métodos: No período de abril de 1999 a 2006, 28 pacientes foram submetidos a EVES, pelo autor. Foram analisadas, retrospectivamente, variáveis clínicas e ecocardiográficas pré, trans e pós-operatórias tardias. A idade média era de 59,0 ± 9,5 anos, sendo 23 pacientes do sexo masculino. Dezessete pacientes estavam em classe funcional IV e o EuroScore médio foi 8,2 ± 2,3. Os valores pré-operatórios de fração de ejeção, volumes sistólico e diastólico finais do ventrículo esquerdo foram, respectivamente, 32,3 ± 9,2 por cento, 113,9 ± 36,0 ml e 179,2 ± 48,4 ml. Foi aplicada a versão brasileira do questionário de qualidade de vida SF36 no pós-operatório tardio. Resultados: A mortalidade imediata foi de quatro pacientes por síndrome de baixo débito e arritmia. O tempo médio de seguimento pós-operatório foi 5,6 ± 3,2 anos. A fração de ejeção de ventrículo esquerdo foi fator significativo na mortalidade imediata (P=0,0222) e o tempo de parada cardíaca anóxica na tardia (P=0,0123). A análise atuarial de sobrevivência demonstrou uma sobrevida de 82,1 ± 7,2 por cento, e 54,7 ± 22,9 por cento, respectivamente, antes e depois de 107 meses, de seguimento. Conclusões: A cirurgia da EVES é efetiva no tratamento desse grupo de pacientes, com melhora da função ventricular esquerda (de 32,3 para 46,4 por cento) e da qualidade de vida dos pacientes.

Objective: To present the Instituto de Cirurgia Cardiovascular do Oeste do Paraná' (ICCOP) surgical experience, on the treatment of left ventricle aneurysms, by endoventriculoplasty, with septal exclusion (EVSE), and a 111 months follow-up. Methods: Between April 1999 and April 2006, 28 patients were submitted to EVSE, by the author. Pre, trans and late post clinical and echocardiographic variables were analyzed retrospectively. Mean age was 59.0 ± 9.5 years, being 23 male patients. Seventeen patients were in NYHA functional class IV and the mean EuroScore was 8.2 ± 2.3. The mean pre-operative values for ejection fraction, end systolic and diastolic left ventricular volumes were 32.3 ± 9.2 percent, 113.9 ± 36.0 ml e 179.2 ± 48.4 ml, respectively. The BraziliAnVErsion of the SF36 quality of life questionnaire was applied in the late follow up period. Results: Four patients died in the immediate post-operative period, being the major cause of morbidity low cardiac output syndrome and arrhythmias. The mean follow-up period was 5.6 ± 3.2 years. Left ventricle's ejection fraction and aortic cross clamping time were the significant factors for hospital and late mortality with P = 0.0222 and P = 0.0123, respectively. Actuarial survival curve showed a survival of 82.1 ± 7.2 percent, and 54.7 ± 22.9 percent, pre and post 107 months, of follow-up. Conclusion: EVSE' surgery is an effective option to treat this group of patients, with improvement of left ventricular function (from 32.3 to 46.4 percent) and patients' quality of life.

Aneurisma de apêndice atrial esquerdo: diagnóstico ecocardiográfico / Left atrial appendage aneurysm: echocardiografic diagnostic

O aneurisma de apêndice atrial esquerdo é condição rara que se manifesta freqüentemente por arritmias cardíacas ou tromboembolismo. Relatamos um caso de paciente portador de aneurisma de apêndice atrial esquerdo, diagnosticado pela ecocardiografia e submetido a ressecção cirúrgica.

The left atrial appendage aneurysm is a rare condition that frequently manifests itself by heart arrhythmias or thromboembolism. We report the case of a patient with left atrial appendage aneurysm, diagnosed by echocardiography and submitted to surgical resection.

Aneurisma do ventrículo esquerdo em paciente com lupus eritematoso sistêmico: relato de caso / Left ventricular aneurysm in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus: case report

Descrevemos o caso de uma paciente do sexo feminino, de 36 anos de idade, portadora de lupus eritematoso sistêmico, que sofreu infarto do miocárdio e, posteriormente, desenvolveu aneurisma da parede inferior do ventrículo esquerdo e insuficiência cardíaca. A paciente foi tratada cirurgicamente com bons resultados. A raridade dessa condição é realçada.

Pseudoaneurisma de ventrículo esquerdo associado a insuficiência mitral grave complicando infarto agudo do miocárdio ínfero-látero-dorsal / Left ventricular pseudoaneurysm associated to severe mitral insufficiency, complicating inferolaterodorsal acute myocardial infarction

Descrevemos um caso de pseudoaneurisma de ventrículo esquerdo associado a grave regurgitacão mitral, complicando um infarto ínfero-látero-dorsal. A lesão foi descoberta em ecocardiograma de rotina durante o seguimento ambulatorial. Destacam-se a estratégia cirúrgica bem sucedida, e a boa evolucão clínica da paciente.