Antibacterial Activity of Two Brown Algae (Cystoseira compressa and Padina pavonica) Against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Aqueous and ethanolic extracts obtained from two brown algae (Cystoseira compressa (Esper) Gerloff et. Nizamuddin) and Padina pavonica (Linnaeus) Thivy) have been investigated for their ability to inhibit 35 hospital isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Both aqueous and ethanolic extracts of the plant were effective on MRSA. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values of the ethanolic extract with the greatest antibacterial activity were those of Cystoseira compressa MIC 3.2-6.3mg/mL and MBC 6.3-25mg/mL, respectively.

Isolation of Polysaccharides and Terpenoids from Some Basidiomycota and Their Antibacterial Activities.

Aims: Antibacterial chemicals were isolated from fruit bodies of three basidiomycota [Coltricia perennis (L) Murrill, Onnia tomentosa (Fr.) P. Karst., and Polyporus mori (Pollini) Fr. ] fungi and their antibacterial potential were screened against five bacteria. Study Design: All experiments were performed thrice in completely randomized design (CRD) each, with five replications per treatment (antibacterial activity). The data was subjected to ANOVA. Means of three observations were compared with Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Place and Duration of Study: Molecular Mycopathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Centenary College, Rahara, Kolkata, between January 2012 and February 2013. Methodology: During the rainy season in the year of 2012, a survey for mushroom collection in the forest beds, infected logs in the plain of west Bengal was conducted .The fruit bodies of some basidiomycota were collected in sterile biodegradable polythene begs and brought to laboratory. The morphology, anatomy of fruit bodies and measurement of reproductive organs were recorded. The spore prints of all collected basidiocarps were taken.The collected basidiomycota were identified. The polysaccharides from the basidiocarps of the test fungi were isolated employing the methods of Mizuno et al. [17] and Wang et al.[12].Terpeniods were isolated according to the method followed by Anke and Werte [24] and Chairul et al. [25]. Their antibacteral activities were assayed against five bacteria [three Gram positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus roseus and Bacillus brevis ) and two Gram negative bacteria (Ralstonia solanacearum and Escherichia coli )] following the agar plates cup diffusion techniques. Results: Terpenoid isolated from Coltricia perennis was most active in inhibiting the growth of all five bacteria. This terpenoid inhibited maximum (25 ±2.4mm) growth against Staphylococcus aureus and minimum against Micrococcus roseus (17±1.1mm). The polysaccharides isolated from these three mushrooms were less active against the test five bacteria. The terpenoids isolated from Onnia tomentosa and Polyporus mori also inhibited the growth of the test bacteria. Conclusion: These three basidiomycetous mushrooms have antibacterial activity. After further research, their activity can be employed in medical science.

Principios generales de la terapéutica antimicrobiana: revisión bibliográfica / General principles of the antimicrobial therapeuticcs: bibliographic review

Se revisan los principios generales que rigen la terapéutica antimicrobiana. Se comentan los aspectos más importantes en lo que a clasificación, mecanismos de acción de resistencia e interacción de los antibióticos se refiere. Se analizan los criterios para el uso de los antibióticos, así como las complicaciones más frecuentes con este tratamiento. Se sugieren algunas recomendaciones para el uso de estos compuestos