Intoxicação espontânea por larvas de Perreyia flavipes (Pergidae) em suínos no estado de Santa Catarina / Spontaneous poisoning by larvae of Perreyia flavipes (Pergidae) in pigs in the state of Santa Catarina

Descreve-se um surto de intoxicação espontânea por Perreyia flavipes em suínos. O surto ocorreu no final de maio de 2009, na cidade de Urubici, planalto serrano do Estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil. A propriedade tinha aproximadamente 50 animais criados extensivamente e desses 10 animais adoeceram. Esses suínos apresentavam anorexia, apatia, movimento constante de cabeça e bater de orelhas, dificuldade de caminhar, cambaleio, ranger de dentes e a agitação aumentava mediante ruídos e movimentos próximos. Na necropsia as alterações observadas foram a marcada evidenciação do padrão lobular hepático e a presença de larvas de P. flavipes misturadas ao conteúdo estomacal. Microscopicamente observou-se necrose de coagulação dos hepatócitos, com distribuição centrolobular a massiva que era acompanhada de congestão e hemorragia acentuada, restando uma ou duas camadas de hepatócitos com degeneração vacuolar na região portal. Os aspectos clínicos, epidemiológicos e as lesões caracterizaram hepatite tóxica por larvas de P. flavipes em suínos.

The study reports an outbreak of spontaneous poisoning by Perreyia flavipes in pigs. The outbreak occurred at the end of May 2009, in the municipality of Urubici, plateau of Santa Catarina, Brazil. The farm had about 50 pigs reared extensively and 10 animals got sick. The clinical signs were anorexia, apathy, constant movement of the head and hitting the ears, difficulty to walk and stagger, gnashing of teeth and agitation that increased with noise and movement nearby. At necropsy, pronounced hepatic lobular pattern and P. flavipes larvae mixed with the stomach content were observed. Microscopically, hepatocellular centrilobular to diffuse coagulation necrosis with severe congestion and hemorrhage was observed, with vacuolar degeneration in one or two layers of hepatocytes in the portal zones. Clinical signs, epidemiology and lesions in the pigs were characteristic of toxic hepatitis by larvae of P. flavipes.

Efectos tóxicos de cuatro plantas amazónicas sobre Chironomus calligraphus Goeldi 1905 (Diptera: Chironomidae) y Artemia franciscana Kellog 1906 (Anostraca: Artemiidae) / Toxic effects of four amazonian plants on Chironomus calligraphus Goeldi 1905 (Diptera: Chironomidae) and Artemia franciscana Kellog 1906 (anostraca: artemiidae)

The aim of current research was to evaluate the ecotoxic effect of four Amazonian plants of ethnobotanical importance in Pucallpa, Peru: Dutchman’s Pipe Aristolochia pilosa Kunth (Aristolochiaceae) in stem and leaves, Soapberry Paullinia clavigera Simpson (Sapindaceae) in cortex, Wandering Jew Tradescantia zebrina Hort ex Bosse (Commelinaceae) in all plant and Curare Chondrodendron tomentosum Ruiz & Pavon corr. Miers (Menispermaceae) in cortex and leaves on first instars’ insect larvae of Chironomus calligraphus Goeldi 1905 and second instars’ nauplii of brine shrimp Artemia franciscana Kellog, 1906. Standard procedures were employed to detect semiqualitative phytochemistry of hexane, chloroform and hydroalcohol extracts, for each plant evaluated. The LC50 mean values of hexane and chloroform extracts of all plants on A. franciscana and hydroalcoholic extract on C. calligraphus were lower than values of chloroform extracts on C. calligraphus. Leaves hexane extract and stem chloroform extract of A. pilosa, and hydroalcohol extract of P. clavigera had higher activity on C. calligraphus. However, hexane and chloroform extracts of T. zebrina, and stem hydroalcoholic extract of A. pilosa had higher activity on A. franciscana.

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar el efecto ecotoxico de cuatro plantas amazónicas de importancia etnobotánica en Pucallpa, Perú: “Huancahuisacha” Aristolochia pilosa Kunth (Aristolochiaceae) en talloy hoja, “Sacha Yoco” Paullinia clavigera Simpson (Sapindaceae) en corteza, “Oreja de Tigre” Tradescantia zebrina Hort ex Bosse (Commelinaceae) toda la planta y “Curare” Chondrodendron tomentosum Ruiz & Pavon corr. Miers (Menispermaceae) en corteza y hoja sobre las larvas de primer estadio de Chironomus calligraphus Goeldi 1905 y sobre los nauplios de segundo estadio del camarón salino Artemia franciscana Kellog, 1906. Se emplearon procedimientos estándares para la detección fitoquímica semicualitativa de los extractos hexánicos, clorofórmicos e hidroalcohólicos de las plantas evaluadas...