Efeito anti-helmíntico dos extratos aquosos e etanólicos da Annona squamosa L. (fruta-do-conde) sobre o nematóide Ascaridia galli / Anthelmintic effect of aqueous and ethanolic extracts from Annona squamosa L. (sweetsop) on the nematode Ascaridia galli

As plantas são fontes importantes de produtos naturais biologicamente ativos. Dentre as plantas usadas na medicina popular a Anonna squamosa conhecida como fruta-do-conde é citada como tendo várias ações medicinais, dentre elas a atividade inseticida e anti-helmíntica. Dentro desta perspectiva, objetivou-se determinar a atividade anti-helmíntica dos extratos aquosos (EA) e etanólicos (EE) das folhas da fruta-do-conde sobre o nematóide de aves Ascaridia galli, in vitro e in vivo. No primeiro, os nematóides foram colocados em placa de Petri contendo diferentes concentrações dos extratos e no segundo foram utilizadas seis galinhas poedeiras por grupo, as quais foram administrados10 mL Kg-1 dos extratos. No teste in vitro o EA da A. squamosa nas concentrações 2,4 e 9,6 mg mL-1 foi capaz de matar 63,33 por cento e 53,33 por cento dos nematóides, respectivamente. O EE não produziu efeito significativo. No teste in vivo, o percentual de eliminação do EA foi de 39 por cento e do EE de 20 por cento. Estes dados sugerem que neste caso a substância responsável pela mortalidade dos parasitos esteja em maior concentração na fração aquosa. Desta maneira, acredita-se que o EA de A. squamosa apresenta uma atividade anti-helmíntica potencial sobre o A. galli.

Plants are important sources of biologically active natural products. Among the plants used in popular medicine, Annona squamosa, known as sweetsop, is reported to have several medicinal actions such as insecticidal and anthelmintic activity. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the anthelmintic activity of aqueous (AE) and ethanolic (EE) extracts from sweetsop leaves on the chicken roundworm Ascaridia galli, both in vitro and in vivo. In the former, nematodes were placed on a Petri plate containing different concentrations of the extracts; in the in vivo test, six egg-laying chickens per group received 10 mL Kg-1 of the extracts. In vitro results indicated that A. squamosa AE at the concentrations 2.4 and 9.6 mg mL-1 could kill 63.33 percent and 53.33 percent nematodes, respectively. However, EE did not have any significant effect. According to the in vivo test, the elimination percentage for AE was 39 percent and for EE, 20 percent. These data suggest that the substance responsible for parasite mortality was present at a higher concentration in the aqueous fraction. Thus, A. squamosa AE is believed to have a potential anthelmintic activity on A. galli.

Effect of ascardia galli infestation on growth rate of local and foreign chicken breeds I. growth

One hundred and twenty chickens [60 Hypeco and 60 Fayoumi chicken] were studied in this experiment to observe the impact of Ascaridia galli infestation on some productive characters under Egyptian environmental conditions. The chickens used were experimentally infested with 300 embryonated Ascaridia galli eggs at ages of 15, 30 and 45 days old. Ascaridia galli was proved to affect growth rate, feed conversion and feed utilization. The economic evaluation of local and foreign poultry breeds in meat production and feed consumption indicated serious losses due to Ascaridia galli infestation in Hypeco and Fayoumi breeds

Effect of ascaridia galli infestation on local and foreign chicken breeds II physio-pathological status

One hundred and twenty Hypeco and Fayoumi chicken breeds were used in this experiment. Chickens were experimentally infected with embryonated Ascaridia galli at different ages and were slaughtered during the 2 phases of infection: Tissue phase, 20 days post infection and during the intestinal phase, 40 days post infection. The blood of each chicken was calculated and the macro- and microelements as well as the total protein, albumin and globulin were estimated. Physiological status was affected especially macro [inorganic phosphorus [Pi]] and microelements; zinc [Zn] concentration decreased significantly. Also, copper [Cu] was affected. Total plasma protein and globulin level increased significantly

Effect of ascaridia falli on foreign and native breeds III. some productive and economic characters

Effect of nematode Ascaridia galli on chicken was studied in experiments involving 120 [60 Hypeco breed and 60 Fayoumi breed] to observe the impact of worm infection on productive and economic characters in the country. The chickens used in the experiment ranging from one to 90 days old. Each chick was experimentally infected with embryonated Ascaridia galli eggs at different ages. The blood of each chicken was weighted, also slaughtered chick, feathers, dressed carcass, eviscerated carcass, edible, non-edible parts, liver, head and shanks and net weight were calculated. The economic evaluation of local and foreign poultry breeds in meat production and feed consumption indicated that the losses due to Ascaridia galli infection in Hypeco and Fayoumi breeds were estimated to be about 215.24 and 75.21 thousand Egyptian pounds/year due to meat and food losses, respectively. The losses of meat and ration due to infection with Ascaridia galli were more in case of foreign breed [Hypeco] than those in case of Egyptian ones [Fayoumi] which call for special attention for broiler industry

Parasitosis intestinal en ninos menores de 2 anos con gastroenteritis / Intestinal parasitic in childrens of age less than 2 years with gastroenteritis

Se estudiaron 80 casos, de ninos menores de 2 anos, 49 varones y 31 hembras, que consultaron en la emergencia de ninos del Hospital Central de Valencia. A cada uno de ellos se les lleno un protocolo que incluyo antecedentes personales (dieteticos-patologicos), familiares (socio-economicos-culturales) y epidemiologicos, asi como tambien examen fisico completo y examen de heces utilizando metodos directos. Del total de pacientes estudiados se encontro un 55% parasitados y un 45% no parasitados, con una relacion 1 a 1 en ambos sexos, una mayor incidencia en el grupo etario de 18 a 23 meses y un predominio del A.Lumbricoides, T.Trichiura, G.Lambia en ese mismo orden de frecuencia