Método para evaluar el desempeño de los recursos humanos en proyectos médicos mediante computación con palabras / Method for Evaluating the Performance of Human Resources in Medical Projects by Computing with Words

Introducción: el proceso de evaluación del desempeño de los recursos humanos en proyectos médicos está sujeto a niveles considerables de subjetividad, lo cual genera incertidumbre a la hora de tomar decisiones. Problemas de esta índole donde se incluye la evaluación y clasificación de alternativas en el proceso, pueden ser abordados a través de la Computación con palabras. Objetivo: el objetivo del presente trabajo es desarrollar un método para la evaluación del desempeño de los recursos humanos en proyectos médicos mediante computación con palabras. Materiales y métodos: se utilizan los conjuntos de datos lingüísticos para mejorar la interpretación de los resultados. Se emplea el modelo de representación de la información lingüística basado en 2-tuplas en el tratamiento de la incertidumbre. El procesamiento de la información se realizó mediante los operadores de agregación de información Promedio Ponderado Ordenado que permiten la agregación de información de acuerdo a parámetros predefinidos obteniéndose un valor representativo. Resultados: se obtiene un método de apoyo a la toma de decisiones basado en la computación con palabras. El método propuesto fue implementado para manejar la incertidumbre existente en el proceso de evaluación del desempeño de los recursos humanos en proyectos médicos a partir de la evaluación y clasificación de alternativas, basado en computación con palabras. Conclusiones: la implementación del método propuesto, permite evaluar y clasificar a los Recursos Humanos según su desempeño(AU)

Introduction: the process of evaluating the performance of human resources in medical projects is subject to considerable levels of subjectivity, which generates uncertainty when making decisions. Problems of this nature, where the evaluation and classification of alternatives is included in the process, can be addressed through Computing with Words. Objective: to develop a method for evaluating the performance of human resources in medical projects using Computing with Words. Method: linguistic data sets are used to improve the interpretation of the results. The 2-tuple-based linguistic information representation model is used in the treatment of uncertainty. The information processing was performed using the Ordered Weighted Average information aggregation operators that allow the aggregation of information according to predefined parameters obtaining a representative value. Results: a method of decision support is obtained, based on Computing with Words. The method was implemented to manage the uncertainty in the process of evaluating the performance of human resources in medical projects based on the evaluation and classification of alternatives. Conclusions: the implementation of the proposed method allows evaluating and classifying human resources according to their performance(AU)

Cross-cultural adaptation of the Four Habits Coding Scheme (4HCS) for teaching and assessing patient-centered communication skills in Brazil / Adaptação transcultural do Four Habits Coding Scheme (4HCS) para o ensino e avaliação de habilidades de comunicação centradas no paciente no Brasil / Adaptación transcultural del Four Habits Coding Scheme (4HCS) para la enseñanza y evaluación de habilidades de comunicación centradas en el paciente en Brasil

Abstract: Brazilian educational guidelines reinforce patient-centered care communication skills as an important competence for medical students. The Four Habits Coding Scheme (4HCS) is an instrument used for teaching and assessing clinicians' communication skills in a person-centered care approach. We aimed to translate and culturally adapt the 4HCS into Brazilian Portuguese. The translation process was accomplished in seven stages: initial translation, reconciliation, back translation, review by the author, independent review, consensus version through Delphi technique, review by a language coordinator, and pretest. During pretest, three independent observers assessed four medical consultations, which were performed by medical students and residents, that had been recorded in a real healthcare scenario. Reviewers had difficulty in reaching consensus on expressions referring to understanding the person as a whole, such as "Engage in small talk", "Expansion of concerns", "Elicit full agenda", "Use patient's frame of reference", and "Explore plan acceptability". They also had difficulty in reaching consensus on the translation of the word "clinician", which was first translated as "physician". Historical and cultural issues in the physician-patient relationship may have influenced this result. The Brazilian 4HCS is a culturally, conceptually, semantically and operationally sound instrument. It may represent an important advance for strengthening the person-centered care model in Brazil.

Resumo: As diretrizes brasileiras para a educação enfatizam as habilidades de comunicação centradas no paciente enquanto importante competência para os estudantes de medicina. O Four Habits Coding Scheme (4HCS) é um instrumento utilizado no ensino e avaliação das habilidades de comunicação do clínico em uma abordagem de cuidado centrado na pessoa. O nosso objetivo foi traduzir e realizar a adaptação transcultural do 4HCS para o português do Brasil. O processo de tradução foi realizado em sete estágios: tradução independente, reconciliação, retro-tradução, revisão pelo autor, revisão independente - consenso através da técnica Delphi -, revisão por um coordenador linguístico e pré-teste. Durante o pré-teste, três observadores independentes avaliaram quatro consultas médicas realizadas por estudantes e residentes de medicina que foram gravadas em um cenário de atendimento real. Os revisores tiveram dificuldade em chegar a um consenso sobre expressões referentes à compreensão da pessoa como um todo, tais como "engage in small talk", "expansion of concerns", "elicit full agenda", "use patient's frame of reference" e "explore plan acceptability". Também tiveram dificuldade em chegar a um consenso sobre a tradução da palavra "clinician", que fora traduzida primeiro como "médico". Questões históricas e culturais na relação médico-paciente podem ter influenciado o resultado. A versão brasileira do 4HCS é um instrumento válido no sentido cultural, conceitual, semântico e operacional. Pode representar um avanço importante no fortalecimento do modelo de cuidado centrado no paciente no Brasil.

Resumen: Las directrices brasileñas para la educación enfatizan las habilidades de comunicación centradas al paciente, por considerarla una importante competencia para los estudiantes de medicina. El Four Habits Coding Scheme (4HCS) es un instrumento utilizado en la enseñanza y evaluación de las habilidades de comunicación dentro del ámbito clínico, desde una perspectiva de cuidado centrado en la persona. El objetivo fue traducir y realizar la adaptación transcultural del 4HCS al portugués de Brasil. El proceso de traducción se realizó en siete fases: traducción independiente, conciliación, retro-traducción, revisión por parte del autor, revisión independiente -consenso a través de la técnica Delphi-, revisión por parte de un coordinador lingüístico y prueba previa. Durante la prueba previa, tres observadores independientes evaluaron cuatro consultas médicas, que fueron realizadas por estudiantes y residentes de medicina que se grabaron en un escenario de atención real. Los revisores tuvieron dificultades para llegar a un consenso sobre expresiones referidas a la comprensión de la persona como un todo, tales como "engage in small talk", "expansion of concerns", "elicit full agenda", "use patient's frame of reference" y "explore plan acceptability". También tuvieron dificultades para llegar a un consenso sobre la traducción de la palabra "clinician", que se tradujo en primera instancia como "médico". Las cuestiones históricas y culturales en la relación médico-paciente pueden haber influenciado el resultado. La versión brasileña del 4HCS es un instrumento válido, en el sentido cultural, conceptual, semántico y operacional. Puede representar un avance importante en el fortalecimiento del modelo de cuidado centrado en el paciente en Brasil.

Problems of Clinical Nurse Performance Appraisal System: A Qualitative Study

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to explore problems of clinical nurse performance appraisal system. METHODS: This study employed a descriptive qualitative approach. The participants were purposively selected from clinical nurses working across all of the hospital units in a large metropolitan teaching hospital in Tehran, Iran in 2012. Data were collected using five focus group interviews, which were audio taped. The number of participants in each group ranged from 7 to 10. The semi-structured interviews were guided by a set of nondirective questions, and continued until the data reached saturation. Data were analyzed using framework analysis. RESULTS: Four major themes regarding the problems of clinical nurse performance appraisal system emerged from the analysis of textual data. These themes were contextual problems, problems related to performance appraisal structure, problems related to performance appraisal process and those related to performance appraisal results. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study reveal that the nurse performance appraisal system confronts with various problems. Some of these problems are related to organizational context while the others concerned structure, process and results of the performance appraisal system. In order to achieve high quality of patient care as the final goal of performance appraisal, changing and revision of this system is necessary.

A construção de políticas públicas em rede intersetorial para a erradicação do trabalho infantil em Limeira-SP / The construction of public policies on intersectoral network for the eradication of child labor in Limeira-SP

Limeira-SP é uma cidade que abriga um dos principais pólos de produção de joias e bijuterias, que tem como característica o uso da mão de obra informal nos domicílios, envolvendo crianças e adolescentes nas atividades de montagem, soldagem e cravação de peças. Pesquisa no município revelou que 27por cento dos alunos da rede estadual de ensino trabalham montando e soldando joias e bijuterias, uma população 8.340 indivíduos envolvidos em tarefas repetitivas e perigosas para a saúde. O diagnóstico desta situação motivou a mobilização de instituições públicas e da sociedade civil na criação de uma rede intersetorial articulada pela Comissão Municipal de Erradicação do Trabalho Infantil de Limeira COMETIL que opera desde 2007. O objetivo deste projeto é avaliar o alcance, limites e possibilidades das ações intersetoriais desenvolvidas pela COMETIL, no período de 2007 2010, de modo destacar as estratégias utilizadas e avaliar as mesmas. Foi empregada metodologia qualitativa do tipo estudo de caso baseadas em: a) participação de pesquisadores que são membros da COMETIL (nos moldes de pesquisa-ação); b) análise de documentos e; c) entrevistas semiestruturadas com 13 indivíduos na identificação de problemas socias; o papel da mídia na divulgação dos dados; a relevância de ações pautadas na promoção da saúde que visam a sensibilização da população e o desenvolvimento de habilidades técnicas entre os servidores público; a proeminência da articulação intersetorial e, sobre tudo, o apoio de instituições como o Ministério Público do Trabalho e Ministério do Trabalho e emprego; a necessidade de avançar nas ações de vigilância em saúde; e, por fim, a potencialidade da estratégia de territorialização para o desenvolvimento de ações no campo da Saúde e do Desenvolvimento Social. A Análise dos resultados possibilitou perceber as estratégias exitosas adotadas pela Comissão, bem como constatar os limites da articulação em rede em curso e apontar novos rumos para a superação dos...

Performance level of caregivers and its relationship with some variables

There is an urgent for an immediate action if the goals of the Safe Motherhood Initiative are to be achieved. As one of four pillars of Safe Motherhood includes Antenatal Care [ANC], therefore this study is mainly concerned with [ANC] performance that is provided through caregivers at primary health care centers [PHCCs]. In order to describe Antenatal care [ANC] performance of the caregivers in Baghdad PHCCs sectors and to determine the relationship between the performance level of caregivers with some variables such as, age, level of education, years of experience and training sessions of caregivers. Descriptive cross sectional fields study to describe Antenatal care [ANC] performance of the caregivers in Baghdad PHCCs sectors. It started on the 4[th] of April 1997 and continued up to the 23[rd] of June 1997. The study includes two part instruments conducted; demographical datasheet and observational checklist. The sample consisted of 132 caregivers at 20 Primary Health Care Centers [PHCCs] in [5] Baghdad PHC sectors chosen randomly. The data analysis revealed that there were big differences between the actual working observed and standardized numbers among nurses, health auxiliaries and clerks. The coverage rate for the 4[th] visit and above it of the pregnant woman to PHCC was 31.4%. The study showed that the nurses had a good performance, the health auxiliaries and clerk as well in one of PHC sectors only. While in terms of physical examination activity by physicians; the B.P showed 86.2% and 93.5% was of the fund height level in abdominal examination activity, but fetal heart sound was 9.8% at this examination. The study recommended to emphasis on the number and quality of the training courses together with feedback information and to provide PHC sectors with the required man power

Reglamento específico del sistema de administración de personal: Caja de Salud de la Banca Privada / I regulate specific of the administration system of personal: Caja of Health of the Private Banking

Siendo los servicios de salud de personas para personas, es imprescindible reconocer la significación de los Recursos Humanos, no solo como un factor estructural sino también como el principal factor de cambio. Toda institución que desee lograr un excelente desenvolvimiento de funciones, debe contar con un Sistema de Administración de personal que le permita realizar sus labores de la manera más eficiente y eficazmente posible, pues este sistema constituye una herramienta para promover y utilizar a los recursos humanos de forma optima. Desde esta perspectiva, la presente propuesta de intervención tiene por objeto dotar de un reglamento especifico a la Caja de Salud de la Banca Privada- CSBP de administración de personal que considere los siguientes subsistemas: dotación de personal, evaluación del desempeño, movilidad del personal, capacitación productiva y registro, con el propósito de contribuir a las mejoras de calidad técnico-administrativas alcanzando la optimización del desempeño de sus recursos humanos así como la eficiencia de las actividades de los funcionarios y consiguientemente, el logro de los objetivos de la Caja

Study on consistency of assessed results according to the Standard of Evaluated Injured Severity / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the consistency of assessed results according to Standard of Evaluated Injured Severity, finding out some factors that influenced appraisal conclusion.@*METHODS@#102 cases examined by Beijing Institute of Forensic Medicine and Science in 1998 were re-evaluated respectively by nine appraisers.@*RESULTS@#The results showed that distinction of appraisal conclusion between appraisers in the same institute was small, but in different institute was big. The work experience and professional train were important to reduce errors.@*CONCLUSION@#Standard of Evaluated Injured Severity strong take on character of profession. Veracity of assessed injured severity is related with unitive authoritative explanation, training and experience of appraiser.

effect of an inservice training programme on the performance of nurses working in intensive care units

The aim of this study to design, implement, and evaluate an inservice training program for nurses working in ICU with patients on ventilators. To fullfil this goal we dealt with a sample of 31 nurses working in ICU at El Manial hospital with less than one year of experience and having a B. Sc. Two tools were used: 1- A questionnaire Sheet [pre-post test]. 2- An observation sheet. The study revealed the following results: 1- poor knowledge of the nurses before implementation of the program [mean scores pre-test = 31.2 +/- 9.9]. 2- After application of the program, a significant increase in the knowledge of the nurse occurs [mean scores post-test=70.5 +/- 7.7]

Leadership styles of head nurses in Assiut hospitals and their effects on their subordinates

This study included seventy-two head nurses and one hundred and four staff nurses [subordinates] working at the three main hospitals in Assiut city. The objective of the study was to determine the leadership styles of head nurses and assess the effect of these leadership styles on the motivation of their subordinates. Two suitable questionnaire were used to collect data via questionnaire interviews. The study proved that mixed styles of leadership had a positive motivational effect on subordinates than the autocratic style of leadership