Seasonality of nematode larvae in Iguanodectes spilurus (Characidae) an ornamental fish from northeastern Para, Brazil / Sazonalidade de larvas de nematóide em Iguanodectes spilurus (Characidae) um peixe ornamental no nordeste do Pará, Brasil

The current study presents a parasitological survey of larval nematodes from freshwater ornamental fish Iguanodectes spilurus caught in the watercourse of the Caete River, in the northeast region of the State of Para, Brazil. A total of 176 specimens, 1.36±0.75 g weight and 5.53±0.98 cm total length, were analyzed. Nematode larvae were identified as Capillaria sp., Procamallanus sp. and Anisakidae, with prevalence of 70.45% and infection intensity ranging from 1.81 to 4.70 larvae. The highest prevalence 57.38% occurred in the liver, but no seasonality was observed, indicating high infection throughout the year. Seasonality was observed in fish parasitized in the stomach, intestine and caecum, with prevalence and mean intensity of 17.61% and 2.32 parasites, 12.5% and 1.81 parasites, 10.79% and 2.21 parasites, respectively. The highest degree of infection was observed in the rainy season, probably due to increased availability of intermediate hosts or food.

O presente estudo apresenta um levantamento parasitológico de larvas de nematóides de Iguanodectes spilurus capturados no fluxo do Rio Caeté, nordeste do Pará, Brasil. Um total de 176 espécimes com médias de 1,36 ± 0,75 g de peso e 5,53 ± 0,98 cm de comprimento total foram analisados. Foram identificados em 124 peixes os nematóides Capillaria sp., Procamallanus sp. e da família Anisakidae, apresentaram uma prevalência de 70,45% e intensidade de infecção de 1,81 a 4,70 larvas. A maior prevalência foi de 57,38% no fígado, mas não foi observada sazonalidade, indicando alta potência de infecção ao longo do ano. A sazonalidade foi observada em peixes parasitados no intestino, estômago e ceco com prevalência e intensidade média de 17,61% e 2,32 parasitas, 12,5% e 1,81 parasitas, 10,79% e 2,21 parasitas, respectivamente. A maior infecção foi encontrada na estação chuvosa, provavelmente devido ao aumento da disponibilidade de hospedeiros intermediários ou de alimentos.

Camallanus maculatus n. sp. (Nematoda: Camallanidae) in an ornamental fish Xiphophorus maculatus (Osteichthyes: Poeciliidae) cultivated in São Paulo State, Brazil

The present study describes Camallanus maculatus n. sp. (Nematoda: Camallanidae) from Xiphophorus maculatus (Osteichthyes: Poecilidae) collected in an ornamental fish farm in São Paulo State, Brazil. Thirty-three out of 40 examined fish were parasitized (82 percent prevalence) with mean intensity of 2.8 (1-20). Male specimens were 3,500µm total length and females 7,100µm total length, provided with orange-brown buccal capsule and two developed tridents. Males showed two unequal spicules, gubernaculum absent and females with vulva situated in the middle of the body. The main characteristics were the sleekly longitudinal ridges in the buccal capsule in both sexes, enlargement at the anterior end of the smaller spicule, the number of genital papillae, longer muscular and glandular portion of esophagus and round tail in female

Descreve-se Camallanus maculatus n. sp. (Nematoda: Camallanidae) em Xiphophorus maculatus (Osteichthyes: Poecilidae) capturado em uma piscicultura ornamental no estado de São Paulo. De 40 peixes examinados, 33 estavam parasitados (prevalência de 82 por cento) cuja intensidade média foi de 2,8 (1-20). Os machos apresentaram 3.500µm e as fêmeas com 7,100µm de comprimento total, providos de uma cápsula bucal laranja-castanho e dois tridentes. Observaram-se machos com espículos desiguais, gubernáculo ausente e fêmeas com vulva situada na metade do corpo. As principais características foram as estrias longitudinais lisas em cada valva da cápsula bucal em ambos os sexos, o espículo menor com alargamento na extremidade anterior, o número de papilas genitais, as porções muscular e glandular do esôfago longas e a cauda longa e arredondada na fêmea

Camallanus cotti Fujita, 1927 (Nematoda, Camallanoidea) in ornamental aquarium fishes: pathology and morphology

The pathology induced by the nematode Camallanus cotti in the aquarium fishes Beta splendens (beta fish) and Poecilia reticulata (guppy) consisted of gross and microscopic lesions, the former characterized by abdominal swelling with reddish parasites protruding from the anus in both fish hosts and the latter, similar in the beta fishes and guppies, by hemorrhage, congestion, edema, a few glandular elements, and extensive erosion areas in the rectum mucosa, with a marked thickening of the wall and absence of inflammatory infiltrate. Lesions were associated with the presence of several worms attached to the wall or free in the rectal lumen. This is the second reference of the parasite in Brazil and the first report of pathological findings related to this nematode species that is also briefly redescribed and illustrated for the first time on the basis of Brazilian samples.

Spirocamallanus hilarii (nematoda, camallanidae) parásito de peces dulceacuícolas del embalse de Termas de Río Hondo, Santiago del Estero, Argentina / Spirocamallanus hilarii (nematoda, camallanidae) fresh water fishes parasite from Termas of Río Hondo Pond, Santiago del Estero, Argentina

Spirocamallanus hilarii (Nematoda, Camallanidac) is cited parasitizing five fresh water fish species: Salminus maxillosus Leporinus obtusidens, Hoplias malabaricus malabaricus, Oligosarcus jenynsii and Piinelodus albicans, captured in Termas de Río Hondo pond, province of Santiago del Estero, Argentina. Morphologic and morphometric parasitological estudies were done. The specimens describes were drawned and photographed. In addition, the following parasitic infection indexes were calculated: prevalence 26.5 percent, mean 6.6 and maximun intensity 27

Camallanus, Railliet et Henry 1995, parásito de hydrodynastes gigas del Chaco Argentino / Camallanus, Railliet et Henry 1995, parasite from hydrodynastes gigas from Argentine Chaco

Adult specimens of camallanus genus (nematoda, camallanidae), parasitizing a hydrodynastes gigas (serpentes, colubridae) from Argentine Chaco in the north east of Argentina, are described for the first time. The morphologic and morphometric parasitological studies were carried out using diaphanization by lactophenol technique. The specimens described were drawned and photographed. With this investigation the analysis of the reptilian pathologies, the knowledge of which in necessary to make projects, to manage and control the biomedic aspects in breeders, zoos and/or reserves has started. Thus, in enables us to know associated nematofauna providing facts about the biodiversity of nematode parasites of reptiles.

Procamallanus diacanthum n. sp from the intestine of marine fish johnius diacanthus, India

Se describe una nueva especie de nematode de la familia camallanidae railliet et Henry, 1915 del intestino del pez de mar johnius diacanthus (lacépede) de la costa de kalingapatnam. Estos ejemplares no concuerdan con la descripción de las especies del género descritas hasta ahora. Por lo tanto, una descripción detallada y posición taxonómica se dan en este artículo. La nueva especie se caracteriza por sus medidas corporales, estructura de los engrosamientos espirales, posición del anillo nervioso y poro excretorio, ausencia de gubernaculum, número y disposición de las papilas caudales, largo de las espículas y del extremo terminal de la cola. Así, puede ser considerado una nueva especie, procamallanus diacanthum

Description of a new species of the genus camallanus Railliet et Henry 1915 from freshwater fish barbus ticto from Krishna River, Andhra Pradesh India

Se describe una nueva especie de un nematode de la familia camallanidae railliet et Henry, 1915 del ovario del pez de agua dulce barbus (Puntius) ticto (Günther). La descripción se basa en dos ejemplares machos y dos ejemplares hembras, de un gran número de huéspedes examinados. Los ejemplares no concuerdan con descripciones de especies conocidas del género camallanus, en consecuencia, una nueva especie camallanus praveeni ha sido nominada para ubicar los presentes ejemplares. La nueva especie podría ser distinguida por las medidas del cuerpo, la naturaleza de los tridentes, posición del anillo nervioso y del poro excretorio, posición y largo de las espículas, número y posición de las papilas caudales posición de la vulva y forma de extremo de la cola