Tumor condroide del cartílago tiroides: reporte de un caso clínico y revisión de la literatura / Chondroid tumor of the thyroid cartilage: case report and literature review

Los tumores condroides de la laringe son poco frecuentes, y generalmente se ubican en el cartílago cricoides. El tratamiento de elección es quirúrgico, con buen pronóstico general. Se presenta el caso de un hombre de 60 años con historia de disfonía. El estudio nasofaringolaringofibroscópico revela una masa laríngea supraglótica. Las imágenes son compatibles con una lesión del cartílago tiroides. La biopsia obtenida por microlaringoscopía directa informa tumor compatible con condroma. Se realiza una resección completa de la masa por abordaje externo, la biopsia corrobora el diagnóstico de tumor condroide de bajo grado. Se describe esta patología mediante revisión bibliográfica.

Chondroid tumors of the larynx are uncommon, and usually located in the cricoid cartilage. Surgery is the treatment of choice, with good prognosis in general. We report the case of a 60-year-old man consulting for dysphonia. The nasopharyngolaryngoscopy showed a supraglottic laryngeal mass. The images were compatible with a thyroid cartilage lesion. The biopsy sample obtained by direct microlaryngoscopy was consistent with a condroma. A complete excision of the lesion was performed by external approach and the biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of a low grade chondroid tumor. We present a review of chondroid tumors of the larynx based on available literature.

Experiencia clínica en el manejo de parálisis cordales en posición abierta: tratamiento actual / Clinical experience in the management of vocal cords paralysis in abduction position: actual treatment

Introduction: The larynx is nerved by the recurrent and superior laryngeal nerves, translating its damage in pareses or paralysis of vocal cords, causing hoarseness in most of patients, and occasionally dispnea and deglutory alterations. The management of vocal cords paralysis in abduction position has been controversial. It seems that phoniatric treatment would seem to be a reasonable and effective alternative because the compensation capacity. Surgical manage, in other hand, has offered demonstrated effectiveness in the paralyses that don’t respond to phoniatric treatment, emphasizing techniques of medialization thiroplasty. Objectives: To reflect our epidemiology, phoniatric manage and experience as surgical team in medialization hiroplasty and to evaluate the results. Materials and Methods: retrospective study of patients with vocal cord paralysis in abduction position evaluated in Voice Unit of Clinic Hospital of University of Chile. Complete otolaryngological evaluation plus laryngeal electromyography were performed. Two groups were analyzed according manage received, describing clinicallythe degree of hoarseness at the beginning and the end of treatment. Results: 61 percent of the nonsurgical manage paralysis causes were secondary to surgery, mainly on the thyroid gland (81 percent). In these a significant improvement of the hoarseness with the phoniatric manage exists. In the group subject medialization thiroplasty 55 percent were secondary to surgery with a 77 percent of postoperating satisfactory evaluation.

Insuficiência respiratória aguda e edema de Reinke / Acute respiratory insufficience and Reinke's edema

O odema de Reinke tem sido objeto de pouca atençäo pela literatura médica. Trata-se de um edema acumulado no espaço de Reinke, da lâmina própria das pregas vocais. É descrito como uma alteraçäo benigna, tendo como sintomatologia básica a disfonia e sendo raras as complicaçöes. Os autores apresentam um caso de edema de Reinke associado a laringite, que desenvolveu quadro de insuficiência respiratória aguda como complicaçäo, necessitando de cricotireoidostomia de urgência. Este trabalho relata uma complicaçäo rara do edema de Reinke, bem como uma revisäo literária sobre a patologia

Cricotireoidostomia: opçäo na urgência / Cricothyroidotomy: an option in urgency

Säo consideradas as manobras técnicas utilizadas para contornar a insuficiência respiratória aguda, e salientada a importância da cricotireoidostomia como procedimento rápido e de pequena morbidade, sistematizando uma técnica cirúrgica de fácil execuçäo, especialmente dirigida a cirurgöes pouco experientes ou em ambientes de poucos recursos