Gestational choriocarcinoma presenting as hemothorax.

Choriocarcinoma include a spectrum of chorionic neoplasms that may be gestational or non-gestational. By virtue of their high vascularity and affinity of trophoblast for blood vessels, metastases often occur early, and the most common site of such metastases is the lung. Metastatic pleural effusions from choriocarcinoma are infrequent. Pleural seeding usually results from extension of a sub-pleural peripheral nodule. We describe a case of gestational choriocarcinoma whose clinical presentation was medical like hemothorax as in our case rather than gynecologic.

Comparative quantification of umbilical cord blood CD34+ and CD34+ bright cells using the ProCount™-BD and ISHAGE protocols

The total number of CD34+ cells is the most relevant clinical parameter when selecting human umbilical cord blood (HUCB) for transplantation. The objective of the present study was to compare the two most commonly used CD34+ cell quantification methods (ISHAGE protocol and ProCount™ - BD) and analyze the CD34+ bright cells whose 7-amino actinomycin D (7AAD) analysis suggests are apoptotic or dead cells. Twenty-six HUCB samples obtained at the Placental Blood Program of New York Blood Center were evaluated. The absolute numbers of CD34+ cells evaluated by the ISHAGE (with exclusion of 7AAD+ cells) and ProCount™ (with exclusion of CD34+ bright cells) were determined. Using the ISHAGE protocol we found 35.6 ± 19.4 CD34+ cells/æL and with the ProCount™ method we found 36.6 ± 23.2 CD34+ cells/æL. With the ProCount™ method, CD34+ bright cell counts were 9.3 ± 8.2 cells/æL. CD34+ bright and regular cells were individually analyzed by the ISHAGE protocol. Only about 1.8 percent of the bright CD34+ cells are alive, whereas a small part (19.0 percent) is undergoing apoptosis and most of them (79.2 percent) are dead cells. Our study showed that the two methods produced similar results and that 7AAD is important to exclude CD34 bright cells. These results will be of value to assist in the correct counting of CD34+ cells and to choose the best HUCB unit for transplantation, i.e., the unit with the greatest number of potentially viable stem cells for the reconstitution of bone marrow. This increases the likelihood of success of the transplant and, therefore, the survival of the patient.