An often neglected area in crooked nose: middle turbinate pneumatization / Uma área frequentemente negligenciada no nariz torto: pneumatização da concha média

Abstract Introduction: Crooked or deviated nose is a deviation of the nose from the straight vertical position of the face. Extensive pneumatization of the middle turbinate, also called concha bullosa or bullous middle turbinate (BMT) is known to be one of the possible etiologic factors in nasal obstruction, recurrent sinusitis, and headache. There is no study concerning a link between BMT and crooked nose. Objective: To investigate the association between crooked nose and the presence of a BMT. Methods: A total of 199 patients who underwent open septorhinoplasty were retrospectively analyzed. Preoperative paranasal Computerized Tomography (CT) findings, preoperative photodocumentation, and anterior rhinoscopic examination findings were documented. Of the 199 patients, 169 were found to meet the criteria and were included in the study. CT scans were examined to note the presence of BMT, inferior turbinate hypertrophy, and septum deviation (SD). SDs and crooked noses were classified. Results: Ninety-four of 169 patients (56%) presented a crooked nose deformity and seventy-five of 169 patients (44%) presented a straight nose. While 49 (52%) crooked nose patients had a bulbous and extensive BMT, 20 patients with straight nose (26.6%) had a BMT. A statistically significant relationship was found between the presence of crooked nose and BMT, regardless of the side of the disease (p = 0.011). Conclusion: This study revealed a link between crooked nose and BMT.

Resumo Introdução: O nariz torto ou o nariz com desvio é um nariz com um desvio da posição vertical reta da face. A pneumatização extensa da concha média, também chamada de concha bolhosa ou concha média bolhosa (CMB), é conhecida por ser um dos possíveis fatores etiológicos da obstrução nasal, sinusite recorrente e cefaleia. Não há estudo relativo a uma associação entre CMB e nariz torto. Objetivo: Investigar a associação entre o nariz torto e a presença de CMB. Método: Foram analisados retrospectivamente 199 pacientes que se submeteram a septorrinoplastia aberta. Achados pré-operatórios paranasais à tomografia computadorizada (TC), fotodocumentação pré-operatória e exame rinoscópico anterior foram registrados. Dos 199 pacientes, observou-se que 169 atendiam aos critérios e foram incluídos no estudo. As TC foram examinadas para observar a presença de CMB, hipertrofia de conchas inferiores e desvio de septo (DS). Os DS e narizes tortos foram então classificados. Resultados: Dos 169 pacientes, 94 (56%) apresentavam uma deformidade de nariz e 75 (44%) apresentavam nariz reto. Enquanto 49 (52%) pacientes com nariz torto tinham CMB extensa, 20 pacientes com nariz reto (26,6%) tinham CMB. Uma relação estatisticamente significativa foi encontrada entre a presença de nariz torto e CMB, independentemente do lado da doença (p = 0,011). Conclusão: Este estudo revelou uma relação entre o nariz torto e CMB.

Leg ulcer in lepromatous leprosy - Case report

Abstract: In Brazil, leprosy is a widespread infectious and contagious disease. Clinicians and specialists view leprosy broadly as a systemic infection, since, in its manifestations, it mimics many conditions, such as rheumatic, vascular, ENT, neurological and dermatological diseases. There are few studies that characterize the factors associated with ulcers in leprosy. These injuries should be prevented and treated promptly to avoid serious problems like secondary infections, sepsis, carcinomatous degeneration and amputations. We describe a patient with ulcers on his legs, involving late diagnosis of lepromatous leprosy.

Defectos del dorso nasal tratados con injerto autólogo / Defects of the nasal dorsum treated with autologous graft

Se operaron 10 pacientes con defectos del dorso nasal, 9 catalogados de grandes (4 mm o más) y uno con menos de 1 mm. En la mayoría predominó el sexo masculino y el defecto fue adquirido. En 9 de los pacientes con defectos grandes se utilizó injerto de hueso de cresta ilíaca en forma de L descansando en huesos propios y espina nasal, y en uno con defecto pequeño se utilizó cartílago. El resultado es evaluado después de 8 años como satisfactorio estética y funcionalmente, sin evidencia clínica de reabsorción(AU)

T10 patients were operated on of the nasal dorsum. 9 were considered as large (4 mm or more) and 1 as small with less than a mm. It was observed a prevalence of males and the defect was acquired. In 9 of the patients with large defects, it was used L-shaped iliac crest bone graft, lying on own bones and nasal spine. Cartilage was used in one patient with smalldefect. The result was evaluated 8 years later as satisfactory from the aesthetical and functional point of view, without clinical evidence of reabsorption(AU)

Trauma nasal en el recién nacido: valoración en 100 partos / Nasal trauma in newborn babies: study on 100 deliveries

Con el objeto de señalar la importancia del examen nasal neonatal, se evaluaron los recién nacidos de 100 partos consecutivos, en la unidad tocoquirúrgica del hospital ABC, durante un periodo de seis semanas. Se propone un protocolo de examen rinológico externo e interno que puede ser realizado por el personal de pediatría durante la evaluación neonatal rutinaria, con posibilidad de consulta al especialista otorrinolaringólogo, si fuese requerido. De un total de 58 niñas y 42 niños recién nacidos, el 48 por ciento presentó algún hallazgo positivo de trauma nasal. Los bebés se dividieron en tres grupos: nacidos por cesárea, por parto eutócico o por parto distócico. En cada grupo se cuantificaron los hallazgos para comparación. Solamente un caso presentó patología nasal lo suficientemente severa como para requerir reparación. Obviamente, es importante el seguimiento de los niños para determinar la posible repercusión de los hallazgos traumáticos en el crecimiento y desarrollo de la nariz

Novos critérios para caracterizaçäo da facies leprosa / New criteria for the characterization of facies leprosa

As facies leprosa foi caracterizada pelo conjunto das alteraçöes nasais e reabsorçäo dos ossos nasais, da espinha nasal anterior, da regiäo alveolar supra-incisiva do processo alveolar anterior da maxila, associadas ainda a perda dos dentes incisivos superiores, de acordo com os critérios de interpretaçäo radiográfica

Treatment (ou management) of alar deformity in secondary rhinoplasty, upon external incision

The authors report their experience on treating 32 cases of postoperative alar deformit with external incision, and they conclude that the advantages, mainly represented by a wide exposure and the facility on execution of the correction's procedures, plainly justify the method