RESUMO
We investigated the teratogenic effect of an ethylene glycol-methyl cellosolve mixture on gestating Wistar rats, that received a daily intraperitoneal dose of different concentration of the mixture on day 8 of gestation until day 20. Multivariate analysis and Post-Hoc Bonferroni tests were used and relative risk and attributable fraction were calculated. In rats treated with the mixture the number of live fetuses decreased and reabsorptions increased with increasing concentrations of the mixture, as well as the number of abnormal fetuses. Abnormalities consisted mainly in atypical craniofacial morphology, protruding tongue, edema, signs of growth delay and shorter limbs, their frequency and severity increased at higher concentrations of the mixture. We conclude that the ethylene glycol-methyl cellosolve mixture possesses a higher teratogenic potential than each of its constituents separately, producing external fetal abnormalities, growth delay, and increased fetal death.
Se investigó el efecto teratogénicos de una mezcla de etilenglicol y metilcelosolve en ratas gestantes, las cuales recibieron por vía intraperitoneal una dosis diaria, a diferentes concentraciones de la mezcla, del día 8 al día 20 de gestación. Se utilizaron las pruebas de análisis multivariado y Post-Hoc de Bonferroni, y se calcularon el riesgo relativo y la fracción atribuible. En las ratas tratadas con la mezcla el número de fetos vivos disminuyó y las reabsorciones y el número de fetos anormales aumentaron a mayor concentración de los solventes. Las anormalidades fetales consistieron principalmente en morfología atípica craneofacial, protrusión de la lengua, edema, signos de retraso de crecimiento y acortamiento de extremidades, y su frecuencia y severidad se incrementó a mayor concentración de la mezcla. Concluimos que la mezcla de etilenglicol-metilcelosolve tiene mayor efecto teratogénico que cuando actúan cada uno de los solventes por separado, produciendo anormalidades fetales externas, retraso del crecimiento y aumento de muerte fetal.
Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Gravidez , Ratos , Feto/anormalidades , Feto , Etilenoglicóis/administração & dosagem , Teratogênicos/toxicidade , Anormalidades Induzidas por Medicamentos , Análise de Variância , Anormalidades Craniofaciais/induzido quimicamente , Deformidades Congênitas dos Membros/induzido quimicamente , Etilenoglicol/administração & dosagem , Ratos WistarRESUMO
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), one of the reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI) and a potential inducer of nuclear transcription factors induces consistent type of abnormal limb development (truncated with bent skeletal elements) in the tadpoles of Indian jumping frog, Polypedates maculatus.
Assuntos
Animais , Anuros/anormalidades , Peróxido de Hidrogênio/toxicidade , Larva/efeitos dos fármacos , Deformidades Congênitas dos Membros/induzido quimicamente , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/toxicidadeRESUMO
Several types of limb deformities were induced by vitamin A in B. melanostictus. These ranged from total suppression of all the limbs (ectromelia) to partial development of either the forelimb or the hindlimb or both (mesomelia) to reduction or absence of digits in either the forelimbs or hindlimbs or both and absence of long bones in either the forelimbs or hindlimbs or both (phocomelia) or duplication of the hindlimbs (polymelia). All the limb abnormalities were induced in the developing limbs of the tail amputated tadpoles of B. melanostictus following vitamin A treatment, which is all the more interesting. The results suggest that vitamin A induces the above mentioned abnormalities by either switching on or over-expressing or disrupting the limb-specific hox genes by yet unknown mechanisms.