Odontomas: un reto para el tratamiento interdisciplinario del paciente de ortodoncia / Odontomas: a challenge for the interdisciplinary treatment of the orthodontic patient

El objetivo del presente trabajo es describir las técnicas para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de 3 casos clínicos de odontoma en pacientes ortodóncicos. En el caso 1, se trató a un paciente masculino de 17 años, que acudió para interconsulta con el servicio de ortodoncia, ya que no había erupcionado el canino superior izquierdo y el primer premolar superior izquierdo. El estudio anatomopatológico reveló odontoma complejo con áreas pindborgoides y acumulación de células fantasma. En al caso 2 se trató a un paciente femenino de 15 años. El estudio anatomopatológico reveló odontoma complejo. En el caso 3, se trató a un paciente masculino de 28 años que acudió a rehabilitación integral de su boca, y fue derivado a la cátedra de ortodoncia. En la radiografía panorámica se observó una imagen compatible con odontoma. Se remitió una muestra a anatomía patológica que confirmó el diagnóstico de odontoma. Conclusión: el conocimiento adecuado de las características clínicas, radiológicas y patológicas es necesario para un correcto diagnóstico y tratamiento. Es importante el trabajo interdisciplinario ortodoncista - cirujano para tratar estos casos (AU)

The objective of this work is to describe the techniques for the diagnosis and treatment of 3 clinical cases of odontoma in orthodontic patients. In case 1, a 17-year-old male patient was treated who came for consultation with the orthodontic service, since the upper left canine and the upper left first premolar had not erupted. Pathological study revealed complex odontoma with pindborgoid areas and accumulation of ghost cells. In case 2, a 15-year-old female patient was treated. The anatomopathological study revealed a complex odontoma. In case 3, a 28-year-old male patient was treated who attended comprehensive rehabilitation of his mouth and was referred to the orthodontic department. In the panoramic radiography, an image compatible with odontoma was observed. A sample was sent to pathological anatomy, which confirmed the diagnosis of odontoma. Conclusion: Adequate knowledge of the clinical, radiological and pathological characteristics is necessary for a correct diagnosis and treatment. Interdisciplinary orthodontist-surgeon work is important to treat these cases (AU)

Evaluation of superficial microhardness in dental enamel with different eruptive ages

This study evaluated the superficial microhardness of enamel in teeth at different posteruptive ages (before eruption in the oral cavity, 2-3 years after eruption, 4-10 years after eruption and more than 10 years after eruption). The study sample was composed of 134 specimens of human enamel. One fragment of each tooth was obtained from the flattest central portion of the crown to produce specimens with 3 x 3 mm. The enamel blocks were minimally flattened out and polished in order to obtain a flat surface parallel to the base, which is fundamental for microhardness testing. Microhardness was measured with a microhardness tester and a Knoop diamond indenter, under a static load of 25 g applied for 5 seconds. Comparison between the superficial microhardness obtained for the different groups was performed by analysis of Student's t test. The results demonstrated that superficial microhardness values have a tendency to increase over the years, with statistically significant difference only between unerupted enamel and that with more than 10 years after eruption. According to the present conditions and methodology, it was concluded that there were differences between the superficial micro-hardness of specimens at different eruptive ages, revealing an increasing mineralization. However, this difference was significant only between unerupted specimens and those with more than 10 years after eruption.

Prismless enamel in human non-erupted deciduous molar teeth: a scanning electron microscopic study / Esmalte aprismático em molares humanos decícuos näo erupcionados: estudo ao microscópio eletrônico de varredura

Foram descritas a frequência, a estrutura e a espessura da camada de esmalte aprismático nas superfícies vestibular e lingual de molares decíduos näo erupcionados. Os dentes foram extraídos e mantidos em soluçäo de etanol a 70 por cento e, em seguida, desidratados, cobertos com ouro e examinados em um microscópio eletrônico de varredura JEOL, JSM-6.100. A camada aprismática foi observada nos terços oclusal, médio e cervical de todas as superfícies vestibular e lingual. Os cristais de hidroxiapatita seguiram um arranjo paralelo entre si e perpendicular à superfície do esmalte. Nenhuma diferença estatisticamente significante foi observada entre os terços oclusal, médio e cervical, que apresentaram uma espessura média de 7,257 µm

Principais transtornos ocasionados por dentes inclusos / Clinical and radiographic aspects related to the main perturbations caused by unerupted teeth

Säo apresentados os transtornos mais freqüentes ocasionados por dentes inclusos e suas soluçöes clínicas, além de se efetuar uma breve revisäo da literatura sobre o assunto. Em razäo do grande número de problemas que podem estar associados aos dentes inclusos e suas conseqüências nas diferentes especialidades, os autores sugerem que se façam proservaçöes radiográficas sempre que se detecte a presença de um dente incluso sem indicaçäo de remoçäo cirúrgica