Dermatitis actínica crónica / Chronic actinic dermatitis

RESUMEN La dermatitis actínica crónica (DAC) - dermatitis por fotosensibilidad, reacción solar persistente o su variante extrema el reticuloide actínico- es una fotodermatosis crónica, propia del adulto más frecuente en el sexo masculino provocada por rayos ultravioletas (UVB), (UVA) y luz visible. El diagnóstico es clínico, caracterizado por placas eccematosas y liquenificadas pruriginosas en aéreas expuestas al sol. Se cree que el DAC se debe a la fotosensibilización secundaria de un antígeno endógeno de la piel.

ABSTRACT Chronic actinic dermatitis (ACD) - photosensitivity dermatitis, persistent solar reaction or its extreme variant actinic reticuloid - is a chronic photodermatosis, typical of the adult male caused by ultraviolet (UVB), (UVA) and visible light. The diagnosis suggested by clinical researchers, characterized by eczematous and lichenified pruritic plaques in areas exposed to the sun. It is believed that DAC is due to the secondary photosensitization of an endogenous skin antigen.

Paciente con dermatitis y artritis durante sus embarazos / A patient with dermatitis and arthritis during her two pregnancies

Paciente femenina que presentó durante sus dos embarazos eritema nodoso, úlceras nasales y artritis. Debido a la persistencia del eritema nodoso después del segundo parto, se practicó determinación de ANA y anti-DNA ­ IF, resultando este último positivo, por lo que se plantea el diagnóstico de lupus eritematoso y es referida al Centro Nacional de Enfermedades Reumáticas, (CNER) donde se le practicó biopsia de piel que resultó compatible con lepra: borderline o dimorfa (BB-BL) en estado reaccional tipo II (eritema nodoso leproso: ENL). Se discuten algunos de aspectos de la lepra haciendo especial énfasis en síntomas que presentó la paciente y la exacerbación de los mismos durante los embarazos, posiblemente en relación con algunos cambios inmunológicos adaptativos que son generados para mantener la tolerancia materno fetal(AU)

Female young patient with erythema nodosum, nasal ulcers and arthritis during her two pregnancies. Due to the persistence of the erythema nodosum after the second delivery, ANA and anti-DNA - IF determination were done, the latter being positive, and she was diagnosed with lupus erythematosus and was referred to the National Center for Rheumatic Diseases, where skin biopsy showed to be compatible with leprosy: borderline or dimorphic (BB-BL) in type II reactional state (leprous erythema nodosum: LEN). Some aspects of leprosy are discussed with special emphasis on symptoms that the patient presented and their exacerbation during pregnancies, possibly in relation to some adaptive immunological changes that was generated to maintain maternal fetal tolerance(AU)

Sensitive skin: review of an ascending concept

Abstract: Sensitive skin is a condition characterized by stinging, burning and itching sensations. The diagnosis, pathophysiology and treatment of sensitive skin are still under discussion. In the last years, studies on its epidemiology have been performed, showing a high prevalence and impact on quality of life. Brazilian population was also considered in these studies. Cosmetics, climate changes and skin barrier impairment are the main factors that contribute for skin hyperreactivity. New studies are trying to bring new knowledge about the theme. This review will describe data on epidemiology, triggering factors, pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment.

Skin barrier in rosacea

Abstract Recent studies about the cutaneous barrier demonstrated consistent evidence that the stratum corneum is a metabolically active structure and also has adaptive functions, may play a regulatory role in the inflammatory response with activation of keratinocytes, angiogenesis and fibroplasia, whose intensity depends primarily on the intensity the stimulus. There are few studies investigating the abnormalities of the skin barrier in rosacea, but the existing data already show that there are changes resulting from inflammation, which can generate a vicious circle caused a prolongation of flare-ups and worsening of symptoms. This article aims to gather the most relevant literature data about the characteristics and effects of the state of the skin barrier in rosacea.

Avances en la fisiopatología de las alergias. Revisión de los cuadros clínicos y su tratamiento / Advances in allergy physiopatology: review of clinical features and its treatment

La alergia, aunque considerada usualmente con una patología de menor importancia puede ser tan severa como para causar la muerte en contados minutos. En el presente artículo se discute la fisiopatología de las alergias, incluyendo buena parte de la inmunología actual en lo referente a sus factores desencadenantes y reguladores, así como los agentes causales, los cuadros clínicos que pueden presentarse de acuerdo a los tipos de alergia posibles y sus etiopatogenias individuales. Se discute además su posible tratamiento y manejo así como los diferentes agentes farmacológicos existentes, su clasificación y su utilidad y ventajas en el tratamiento de esta patología.

Effect of peripheral nerve stimulation on the dorsal horn cell activity in cats with cutaneous inflammation

There are some reports showing that an experience of long-enduring pain causes a change in the pain transmission system, suggesting a plastic nature of the nociceptive system. However, most of the studies concerning the analgesic effect of peripheral nerve stimulation dealt with normal animal or human subjects. So, the present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of peripheral nerve stimulation on the dorsal horn cell activity using a tonic pain model, which was made by producing a cutaneous inflammation. The main results are summarized as follows. 1) The evoked activity by electrical or natural stimulation as well as spontaneous activity was enhanced, and the receptive field size was also expanded by the inflammation. 2) Peripheral nerve conditioning stimulation reduced the C-response of the dorsal horn cell in the normal and inflamed group, and the degree of inhibition between the two groups showed no significant difference. 3) Inhibition of the C-response of the dorsal horn cells by peripheral conditioning stimulation was completely reversed by naloxone in the inflamed group whereas there was a partial block in the normal group.