Mediastinitis and pericardial effusion in a patient with AIDS and disseminated Mycobacterium avium infection: a case report / Mediastinite e derrame pericárdico em um paciente com AIDS e infecção disseminada por Mycobacterium avium: um relato de caso

We report the case of a 36-year-old man who had acquired immune deficiency syndrome and developed suppurative mediastinitis extending over the left lung and anterior thoracic wall around the sternum, pericardial effusions, splenomegaly, and mesenteric and periaortic lymphadenomegaly due to Mycobacterium avium (genotype I). The organism was isolated from an axillary lymph node and the bone marrow. Mediastinitis associated with disseminated M. avium complex infection is uncommon and, to the best of our knowledge, this manifestation has not reported before.

Relatamos o caso de um paciente de 36 anos vivendo com AIDS que desenvolveu mediastinite supurativa com extensão ao pulmão esquerdo e à parede anterior do tórax ao redor do esterno, derrame pericárdico, esplenomegalia e adenomegalia mesentérica e periaórtica, devido ao Mycobacterium avium genótipo I, isolado de linfonodo axilar e da medula óssea. A mediastinite associada à infecção pelo Mycobacterium avium é rara e, até onde conhecemos na literatura publicada, esta forma de apresentação ainda no foi relatada.

Rapidly progressive effusive constrictive pericarditis caused by methicillin sensitive staphylococcus aureus [MSSA]

Effusive-constnctive pericarditis is a clinical syndrome characterized by concurrent pericardial effusion and pericardial constriction, where constrictive hemodynamics are persistent after effusion is drained. It may present at any point along the clinical course, from the occurrence of an effusion to the development of chronic pericardial constriction. We refer an unusual case of effusive constrictive pericarditis developing rapidly within days, following purulent pericarditis secondary to chest trauma

A case of tuberculous pericardial effusion.

Tuberculosis accounts for up to 4% of acute pericarditis and 7% cases of cardiac tamponade. Prompt treatment can be life saving but requires accurate diagnosis. We report a case of 30-year-old male who presented with fever, chills, and dry nonproductive cough since one month. The case was diagnosed by radiological findings, which were suggestive of pulmonary tuberculosis, followed by acid fast staining and culture of the aspirated pericardial fluid. The patient was responding to antitubercular treatment at the last follow up.

Expansile lake of translucency in pericardial effusion. A manifestation of left ventricle to pericardial fistula from rupture of tuberculosis myocardial abscess

A 12 year old boy was admitted to a District hospital with history of abdominal pain, and persistent vomiting of several days duration. Exploratory laparotomy was done and terminal small intestine appearances were suggestive of ileocaecal tuberculosis. During post operative course he was found to have large bilateral pleural effusions on chest x-ray. Subsequently his general condition deteriorated and he was then shifted to tertiary care hospital where chest intubation was done. Echocardiography revealed large pericardial effusion with tamponade which was drained with a pigtail catheter, kept in situ for intermittent drainage. Clinical workup and investigations were consistent with disseminated tuberculosis for which anti-tuberculosis treatment was started. A month later, echocardiography was repeated for removal of pigtail catheter which revealed lake of translucency within the small residual pericardial fluid which was expansile with cardiac cycle. This was further evaluated with colour and colour M-mode. [Panel A,B,C,D]. Findings were suggestive of fistulous communication between left ventricular cavity and pericardial space secondary to tuberculous myocardial abscess rupture confirmed on histopathology post-operatively. What lends novelty to this case is that this serious but apparently innocuous looking finding could easily have been overlooked in a casual examination

Utilizaçäo do sistema automatizado BacT/Alert para o cultivo de fluidos biológicos näo sanguíneos / Use of BacT/Alert System for culturing biological fluids other than blood

O sistema BacT/Alert (Organon-Teknika) é um sistema automatizado para a detecçäo de microrganismos presentes no sangue. Neste estudo, o referido sistema foi avaliado quanto à possibilidade de sua utilizaçäo para o cultivo de fluidos biológicos näo sanguíneos, comparando-se com cultivos tradicionais. Ambos procedimentos mostraram resultados equivalentes quanto ao isolamento de microrganismos, porém o tempo de detecçäo foi sensivelmente menor no sistema BacT/Alert, variando de 6 a 34 horas. Na metodologia tradicional, o tempo de detecçäo de positividade variou de 24 a 72 horas. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que o sistema automatizado BacT/Alert pode também ser utilizado para a detecçäo de microrganismos em outros fluidos biológicos que näo o sangue, com importante reduçäo no tempo de detecçäo da positividade

Actinomicosis torácica con compromiso pericárdico y pulmonar / Pericardium and lung involvement by actinomyces israelii: case report

Se reporta un caso de actinomicosis con compromiso pulmonar, pericárdico y de la pared torácica. el compromiso pericárdico estuvo asociado a un exudado hemorrágico de gran cuantía con celularidad aumentada, de predominio polimorfonuclear. El caso fue adecuadamente documentado por la demostración bacteriológica de actinomyces isrraelli desde una muestra obtenida de una tumoración inflamatoria paraesternal. El paciente respondió favorablemente al uso prolongado de bencilpenicilina sódica en altas dosis por vía intravenosa y a tetraciclina oral subsecuentemente