Eritema nodoso asociado al uso de anillo vaginal anticonceptivo / Erythema nodosum associated with the use of contraceptive vaginal ring

El eritema nodoso (EN) es la forma de paniculitis más común. Este trastorno representa una reacción de hipersensibilidad frente a diferentes antígenos, así como múltiples enfermedades sistémicas y fármacos, aunque en la mayoría de casos se desconoce la causa. Nuevos fármacos se añaden a la lista de involucrados en la etiopatogenia del eritema nodoso conforme van pasando los años, siendo uno de ellos los anticonceptivos hormonales orales combinados. El objetivo de este trabajo es proponer una relación entre los estrógenos de cualquier método anticonceptivo como puede ser el anillo vaginal combinado y la aparición del eritema nodoso.

Erythema nodosum (EN) is the most common form of panniculitis. This disorder represents a hypersensitivity reaction in front of different antigens, as well as multiple systemic diseases and drugs, although in most cases the cause is unknown. New drugs are added to the list of those involved in the etiopathogenesis of erythema nodosum as the years go by, one of them being combined oral hormonal contraceptives. The objective of this study is to propose a relationship between estrogens from any contraceptive method such as the combined vaginal ring and the appearance of erythema nodosum.

effects of levonorgestrel releasing intrauterine device on menstrual bleeding pattern, endometrial thickness and uterine vasculature

The study aimed to evaluate the effect of the levonorgestrel releasing intrauterine device [LNG-IUD] on menstrual bleeding pattern, endometrial thickness and uterine vasculature. The study was a prospective controlled study evaluating the effects of LNG-IUD compared with the copper intrauterine device [IUD]. Twenty women carrying LNG-IUS [group I] were compared with thirty women carrying copper IUD in a control group [group II]. Clinical measures of menstrual bleeding, endometrial thickness and Doppler flow of the cervical branch of the uterine artery and spiral artery were evaluated and compared between the two groups. Doppler flow in the cervical branch of the uterine artery did not reveal any changes between the groups I, II [resistance index 0.59 +/- 0.08 and 0.6 +/- 0.09 respectively]. Endometrial thickness was significantly thinner in group I compared with group II [3.9 +/- 1.21 and 7.5 +/- 2.94mm respectively]. Subendometrial flow in the spiral artery was detected in six women only of group I [30%] and in all women of group II [100%]. The present study offers explanation for the change of the menstrual bleeding pattern [specially amenorrhea and oligomenorrhoea] in LNG-IUD users, i.e. a local progestational effect on the endometrium with no change in the uterine vasculature. This adds to the therapeutic value of the device and would lessen the discontinuation rate specially if properly addressed to women in the pre-contraceptive examination

Risk factors and protective factors of pelvic inflammatory disease: a case-control study.

Risk factors and some protective factors for pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) in women were assessed in a case control study. Use of intrauterine device (OR = 3.98, p < 0.0001), sexual activity with multiple partners and younger age (ORs = 3.97, 1.9 and p = 0.0003, 0.0034, respectively), history of previous PID (OR = 4.08, p = 0.004) and history of minor gynecologic operation (OR = 3.07, p = 0.0158) were significant risk factors for PID. Pregnancy was a significant protective factor (OR = 0.25, p = .0074). Sterilisation had a significant protective effect (OR = 0.37, p = 0.0443) on multivariate analysis but not significant on univariate analysis. The results indicated that, almost half of the PID load on the population can be reduced by proper handling of four risk factors namely, use of IUD, sexual activity with multiple partners, history of previous PID and history of minor gynecologic operation (PARP = 0.2146, 0.1101, 0.0824 and 0.0794, respectively).

Pelvis iatrógenica: dispositivo contraceptivo en localización intravesical

Paciente de 24 años de edad, sexo femenino, remitida al servicio de urología del Hospital Clínica San rafael, por cuadro de 6 años de evolución de infección de vías urinarias, interrecurrente crónica comprobada, y sispecha de localización extrauterina de dispositivo anticonceptivo

Genital tract infection with entamoeba gingivalis in intrauterine device users

The prevalence of Entamoeba gingivalis in the genital tracts of 100 intrauterine device [IUJD] users and 20 non-IUJD users was determined by direct smear and cultivation on a modified antibiotic-free diamond's TYL-S-33 medium. It was found that 11% of IUD users harbored the parasite, whereas no amoeba was found in any of the specimens of the non-users. The probable factors enhancing genital tract infection with E. gingivalis and the possible role of the amoeba in that unusual habitat are discussed

Comparaçäo dos resultados do uso de contracepçäo hormonal combinada por via oral e por anéis vaginais / Results comparison of combined hormonal contraception use via oral and vaginal rings

A propósito do presente estudo é comparar a performance de dois anéis vaginais de tamanho diferentes contendo levonorgestrel e 17-beta estradiol com a de um anticoncepcional oral combinado. foram avaliadas prospectivamtne 225 pacientes distribuídas em três grupos: 75 usuárias de anel com diâmetro externo de 50 mm, 75 usuárias de anel de 58 mm e 75 usuárias de pílula. A análise dos resultados confirma que a anticoncepçao por anéis vaginais de silastic pose representar mais uma opçao real, eficaz e segura para uso com fins contraceptivos, com vantagens de nao apresentar o inconveniente da administraçao diária e melhor tolerância.