Does oregano protect against testicular toxicity produced by ethylene glycol in adult male albino rat? / ¿El orégano protege contra la toxicidad testicular producida por etilenglicol en ratas macho albinas adultas?

SUMMARY: Origanum vulgare Linn has traditionally been used as a diuretic and antispasmodic. Therefore, we investigated the active extract of Origanum vulgare for possible andrological effect and preventive effects against testicular damage using ethylene glycol rat model of testicular damage, to rationalize its medicinal use. Male Wistar rats received lithogenic treatment comprising of 0.75 % ethylene glycol injection twice with one day interval, then in drinking water, active extract of Origanum vulgare treatment (20 mg/kg) was given for 3 weeks to prevent toxic damage including loss of body weight gain and appetite, Following oral administration of EGME, a rapid decrease in testis weight associated with testicular cell damage was observed. Origanum vulgare treatment (20 mg/kg) prevented as well as reversed toxic changes including loss of body weight gain.

RESUMEN: Origanum vulgare Linn se ha usado tradicionalmente como diurético y antiespasmódico. Por lo tanto, investigamos el extracto activo de Origanum vulgare por su posible efecto andrológico y efectos preventivos contra el daño testicular utilizando el modelo de rata de etilenglicol de daño testicular. El objetivo del estudio fue racionalizar su uso medicinal. Su utilizaron ratas Wistar macho que recibieron un tratamiento litogénico de una inyección de etilenglicol al 0,75 %, dos veces con un intervalo de un día, y luego se administró en agua potable. Se administró el extracto activo del tratamiento con Origanum vulgare (20 mg / kg) durante 3 semanas con el objetivo de prevenir el daño tóxico, la pérdida de peso corporal y el apetito. Tras la administración oral de EGME, se observó una rápida disminución del peso de los testículos asociada al daño de las células testiculares. El tratamiento con Origanum vulgare (20 mg / kg) logró prevenir y revertir las alteraciones tóxicas, incluyendo la pérdida de peso corporal.

Propolis protective role against morphological, hormonal biochemical and histological alterations induced by sildenafil overdoses / Rol protector del propóleo contra las alteraciones morfológicas, hormonales, bioquímicas e histológicas inducidas por sobredosis de sildenafil

Sildenafil is widely used for the treatment of erectile dysfunction with few studies are available on the protective role of propolis against its reproductive toxicity. The present study aims to investigate the hormonal biochemical and histomorphometric alterations induced in the testicular tissues by sildenafil overdoses. Four groups of rabbits were exposed to sildenafil with or without propolis as follows: Group I received the formulated vehicle, Group II received sildenafil (3 mg/kg), Group III received propolis (50 mg/kg), Group IV received sildenafil plus propolis. Sildenafil lowered body weight gain, testosterone and follicular stimulating hormone concentration but increased testis index while luteinizing hormone was almost not affected. Moreover, sildenafil treated rabbits showed degenerative seminiferous tubules and disturbance of spermatogenesis together with spermatocytes sloughing and nuclear alterations. Exposure to sildenafil plus propolis ameliorated tubular alterations, spermatogenesis disturbances, hormonal levels changes and partially protected spermatocytes from morphological nuclear alterations but could not ameliorate the effect on the body weight gain and testis index. The findings of the present work may indicate that propolis can ameliorate partially the reproductive toxicity induced by sildenafil overdoses with more need for further studies on the adverse effect of these doses on the other vital organs.

El sildenafil es un medicamento ampliamente utilizado para el tratamiento de la disfunción eréctil y existen pocos estudios disponibles referente a la función protectora del propóleo contra su toxicidad reproductiva. El objetivo fue investigar las alteraciones hormonales, bioquímicas e histomorfométricas, inducidas en los tejidos testiculares por sobredosis de sildenafil. Cuatro grupos de conejos fueron expuestos a sildenafil con o sin propóleo de la siguiente manera: grupo I recibió el sildenafil formulado, grupo II recibió sildenafil (3 mg/kg), grupo III recibió propóleo (50 mg/kg) y el grupo IV recibió sildenafil más propóleo. El sildenafil redujo el peso corporal, la testosterona y la concentración de la hormona foliculoestimulante, sin embargo, se observó un aumento del índice testicular mientras que la hormona luteinizante casi no se vio afectada. Por otra parte, los conejos tratados con sildenafil mostraron degeneración de los túbulos seminíferos, trastornos de la espermatogénesis y alteraciones nucleares de los espermatocitos. Con el uso de sildenafil más propóleo fue posible disminuir las alteraciones de los túbulos seminíferos, los trastornos de la espermatogénesis y los niveles de cambios hormonales; los espermatocitos fueron protegidos parcialmente de alteraciones nucleares morfológicas, pero no pudo mejorar el efecto de aumento de peso corporal e índice testicular. Los resultados indican que el propóleo puede aliviar, en parte, la toxicidad en la reproducción inducida por sobredosis de sildenafil. No obstante, existe la necesidad de realizar más estudios sobre los efectos adversos de estas dosis en otros órganos vitales.

Effects of garlic on testicular damages induced by diabetes mellitus in rats

Diabetes mellitus is associated with histologic alterations of the testis. In the present study, we aimed to investigate both preventive and protective effects of garlic juice on testicular damage in male rats with streptozotocin [STZ]-induced diabetes. Forty male wistar rats were divided into 5 groups: 1] Group normal [N], 2] Group Normal+Garlic [N+G], 3] Diabetic [D] received STZ, 60mg/kg BW /i.p., 4] Group diabetic+garlic before [D+Gb] received garlic juice for 3 weeks before STZ injection and for 3 weeks after, and 5] Group diabetic+garlic after [D+Ga] three days after STZ injection, received garlic juice for 3 weeks. Garlic juice was given by gavage [1ml/100g BW]. Testicular damage was examined using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Diabetic rats showed a significant reduction in seminiferous tubule diameter and the number of germ cells. Garlic significantly attenuated the diabetes-induced morphological changes and the decrease in germ cells. The diabetic group receiving garlic before STZ injection [D+Gb] showed more amelioration in complications than that receiving it after STZ injection. In this study, for the first time, we showed that administration of garlic juice could play both preventive and therapeutic roles in testicular damage in male diabetic rats

Efeito do alopurinol sobre a morfologia do testículo do rato submetido a isquemia, pela torção do cordão espermático seguida de reperfusão / Effect of allopurinol on rat testicles morfology, submited to ischaemia for spermatic cord torsion followed by reperfusion

OBJETIVO: Estudar o efeito do alopurinol no fenômeno de isquemia-reperfusão em testículos de ratos. MÉTODOS: Foram utilizados 80 ratos Wistar, adultos, distribuídos em 4 grupos: controle sem alopurinol, controle com alopurinol, torção do cordão espermático sem alopurinol e torção do cordão espermático com alopurinol. Os testículos foram retirados após 60 dias do ato operatório e processados para exame histológico à microscopia óptica, onde os túbulos seminíferos e as células espermatogênicas foram objeto de estudo. RESULTADOS: A comparação entre os grupos demonstrou que houve atrofia dos testículos que foram submetidos à torção, inclusive o grupo que recebeu o alopurinol. CONCLUSÃO: O alopurinol não protegeu as gônadas dos efeitos da isquemia reperfusão.