Hidatidose policística no norte do Brasil: abordagem parasitológica e histopatológica de pacas e casos humanos / Polycystic hydatid in northern Brazil: parasitological and histopathological approach from human and pacas cases

A hidatidose policística é uma zoonose causada pelo cestóide Echinococcus vogeli, amplamente distribuído no norte do Brasil. Os hospedeiros definitivos são Speothos venaticus (cachorro-vinagre) e Canis familiaris (cães domésticos), enquanto Agouti paca (paca) é hospedeiro intermediário. Tanto as pacas quanto o homem (hospedeiro acidental) desenvolvem a forma larvar (metacestóide), principalmente na superfície e no interior do fígado. Esta tese tem como objetivo geral estudar as características parasitológicas e histopatológicas de metacestóides de E. vogeli, originários de pacas e humanos da região norte do Brasil, visto o conhecimento insuficiente ou mesmo o seu desconhecimento. Os fígados e mesentérios foram obtidos de oito pacientes com hidatidose policística durante ato cirúrgico na Fundação Hospital Estadual do Acre. Pacas foram capturadas no Município de Bujari, Floresta Estadual do Antimary, Acre. Durante a necropsia das pacas, foram observadas lesões macroscópicas (massas esbranquiçadas ou amareladas, semelhantes a bolhas na superfície dos fígados). Para a análise parasitológica foram aplicadas as microscopias de luz, contraste interferencial de Normaski (DIC) e varredura laser confocal. A análise morfométrica foi realizada com o auxílio do Programa Image Pro Plus Media Cybernetics. Os órgãos de pacas e humanos foram submetidos à análise histopatológica. Os pequenos e grandes ganchos rostelares apresentaram polimorfismo morfológico, enquanto a organização dos protoescólices acompanhou o padrão descrito para Echinococcus sp. Todas as pacas apresentavam cistos hepáticos, porém em apenas duas encontramos líquido hidático, comprovados pela presença dos ganchos e protoescólices. A análise histopatológica dos tecidos hepáticos das pacas confirmou a hidatidose policística e evidenciou, pela presença de agrupamentos de ovos, a coinfecção com Calodium hepaticum. As características morfológicas dos ganchos rostelares dos casos humanos não diferiram...

Polycystic hydatidosis is a zoonotic disease caused by the cestode Echinococcus vogeli, largely distributed in northern Brazil. The definitive hosts are Speothos venaticus (bush dogs) and Canis familiaris (domestic dogs), while Agouti paca (paca) is the intermediate host. Both the pacas and man (accidental host) develop the larval form (metacestodes), mainly on the surface and inside the liver. This thesis aims to study histopathological and parasitological characteristics of metacestodes of E. vogeli, from pacas and humans of the north region of Brazil, seen the insufficient knowledge or lack of it. The mesentery and livers were recovered from eight patients with polycystic hydatidosis during surgery in the Acre State Hospital Foundation. Pacas were captured in the municipality of Bujari, Antimary State Forest, Acre. During the pacas necropsy, macroscopic lesions were observed (whitish or yellowish masses, similar to blisters on the surface of the liver). Identification analyses were applied to light microscopy, interferential contrast microscopy of Normaski (DIC) and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Morphometric analysis was performed by Image Pro Plus Media Cybernetics program. The pacas and human organs were subjected to histopathological analysis. The small and large rostellar hooks presented morphological polymorphism while protoscoleces organisation accompanied the pattern described in Echinococcus sp. All pacas presented liver cysts, however in only two found proven by the presence of hydatid fluid, hooks and protoscoleces. Histopathological analysis of pacas’ hepatic tissues confirmed polycystic hydatidosis and evidenced by the presence of eggs clusters the Calodium hepaticum coinfection. The morphological characteristics of human cases rostellar hooks did not differ from described to the pacas; however, the hooks were greater than the mesenteric ones. Already in relation to protoscoleces, the mesenteric ones were larger than the liver...

new technique to avoid losing the strains of Echinococcus multilocularis during passaging

To examine the survival of Echinococcus multilocularis [E. multilocularis] and the formation of protoscoleces, under refrigerated conditions over a 43-day observation period. We conducted this study in Ege University, School of Medicine, from May-December, 2004. We included 4 healthy females and 2 males, 8-12 week old M. unguiculatus species [approximately 60-70 gr] for the study, as they are known to be susceptible to E. multilocularis. In this experimental study, we aimed to define a technique to keep the strains during these passages. We found preserved viability and virulence of E. multilocularis stored in RPMI 1640 plus 10% fetal calf serum at +40C. We accomplished the infection of the Meriones unguiculatus after in-vivo passaging from that flask, which we kept at +40C, and this proves the viability of protoscoleces and membranous structures perfectly at the 43rd day. We also found that E. multilocularis metacestodes and the formation of protoscoleces keep their viability up to 60 days and virulence up to 43 days under this condition. We recommend storing an extra flask during each passage as a precaution against losing strains