Consenso sobre Ecocardiografia transesofágica perioperatória da Sociedade Brasileira de Anestiologia e do Departamento de Imagem Cardiovascular da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia / Consensus on perioperative transesophageal echocardiography of the Brazilian Society of Anesthesiology and the Department of Cardiovascular Image of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology

A Sociedade Brasileira de Anestesiologia, pelo Núcleo Vida de Ecocardiografia Transesofágica Intraoperatória (ETTI/SBA) juntamente com o Departamento de Imagem Cardiovascular da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia (DIC/SBC), fez uma força-tarefa para normatizar a feitura da ecocardiografia transesofágica intraoperatória para os anestesiologistas e ecocardiografistas brasileiros com base nas evidências científicas da Sociedade dos Anestesiologistas Cardiovasculares/Sociedade Americana de Ecocardiografia (SCA/ASE) e da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia

Consenso sobre Ecocardiografia Transesofágica Perioperatória da Sociedade Brasileira de Anestesiologia e do Departamento de Imagem Cardiovascular da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia / Consensus on Perioperative Transesophageal Echocardiography of the BrazilianSociety of Anesthesiology and the Department of Cardiovascular Image of theBrazilian Society of Cardiology

RESUMO A Sociedade Brasileira de Anestesiologia, pelo Núcleo Vida de Ecocardiografia Transe-sofágica Intraoperatória (ETTI/SBA) juntamente com o Departamento de Imagem Cardiovascularda Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia (DIC/SBC), fez uma forc ̧a-tarefa para normatizar afeitura da ecocardiografia transesofágica intraoperatória para os anestesiologistas e ecocar-diografistas brasileiros com base nas evidências científicas da Sociedade dos AnestesiologistasCardiovasculares/Sociedade Americana de Ecocardiografia (SCA/ASE) e da Sociedade Brasileirade Cardiologia.

ABSTRACT Through the Life Cycle of Intraoperative Transesophageal Echocardiography(ETTI/SBA) the Brazilian Society of Anesthesiology, together with the Department of Cardi-ovascular Image of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology (DIC/SBC), createded a task force tostandardize the use of intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography by Brazilian anesthesi-ologists and echocardiographers based on scientific evidence from the Society of CardiovascularAnesthesiologists/American Society of Echocardiography (SCA/ASE) and the Brazilian Society ofCardiology.

Determinación y análisis comparativo de gasto cardíaco en enfermos críticos mediante Doppler transesofágico y termodilución en bolos: Experiencia preliminar / Comparison of cardiac output measurement in critical patients using transesophageal Doppler or thermodilution: A preliminary report

Background: Cardiac output can be measured non invasively by transesophageal Doppler. This is an alternative to measure it by thermodilution with a catheter in the pulmonary artery. Aim: To compare both methods of cardiac output measurement. Material and methods: Simultaneous measurement of cardiac output by transesophageal Doppler and thermodilution with a catheter in the pulmonary artery in four male critical patients, aged 60±12 years, hospitalized in a University Hospital. The Bland and Altman method to compare the concordance between two measurements, was used. Results: Forty measurements were performed. The results of both methods had a correlation coefficient of 0.98. According to the Bland and Altman method, the difference between both methods was -0.5 L with a precision of 0.52 L/min (95% confidence interval -1.51 to 0.52 L/min). Considering that a change between two sequential measurements is considered significant when the difference is more than 15%, both measurements agreed in 83% of cases, that there was a change in cardiac output. Conclusions:Transesophageal Doppler is a promising non invasive technique to measure cardiac output in critical care patients. It becomes a valid alternative to the thermodilution technique. This preliminary experience must be confirmed in a larger series.

Monitorización hemodinámica intraoperatoria con ecocardiografía transesofágica: experiencia clínica / Intraoperatory hemodynamic monitoring with transesophageal echocardiography

Background: Transesophageal echocardiography allows a semi-invasive hemodynamic monitoring, during cardiac and non cardiac surgery. The benefits of such surveillance must be assessed, since it may help to change patient management. Aim: To assess the usefulness of transesophageal echocardiography during surgical procedures in critical patients. Material and methods: Based on the indications of the North American Societies of Cardiology and Anesthesiology, 264 patients were monitored using a multiplanar transducer. The type of surgery, insertion difficulties, quality of visualization, complications and usefulness of the method were recorded. Results: One hundred eleven cardiac and 153 non cardiac surgical procedures were monitored. In 97 percent of cases, visualization was good. In 2 cases, it was impossible to obtain a transgastric axis. No complications of the procedure were recorded. The method was useless in nine patients, helpful to change drug and volume management in 126 (48 percent) patients, helpful to change perioperative management in 49 (19 percent) patients and was a substitute for pulmonary artery catheterization in 79 (30 percent) patients. Conclusions: Intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography is a safe technique that renders high quality images, with a low incidence of complications and that, when well indicated, orients therapeutic changes in 98 percent of patients.

Ecocardiografía Trasesofágica

La Ecocardiografía Trasesofágica es una nueva técnica que ofrece imágenes de ultrasonido de las estructuras cardíacas y de los grandes vasos desde el esófago retrocardiaco. Aunque la Ecocardiografía Bidimensional Trastorácica con dopler color y dopler de onda continua y pulsada revolucionó la evaluación no invasiva de las estructuras anatómicas y los trastornos funcionales del corazón y de los grandes vasos, en muchos casos se presentaba seria limitación dada fundamentalmente por la atenuación acústica de las estructuras del tórax: Pulmón, tejido subcutáneo, costilla; del corazón: Materiales de las prótesis valvulares, calcificación de las válvulas nativas, etc. Es en estos pacientes en donde la Ecocardiografía Trasesofágica constituye un valioso método diagnóstico pues logra eliminar la causa de la interferencia en la pared torácica. De otro lado algunas estructuras que son visualizadas pobremente por la Ecocardiografía Bidimensional Trastorácica, son mejor evaluadas por la Ecocardiografía Trasesofágica: Area de las aurículas, prótesis valvulares, arteria coronaria proximal, aorta torácica y septum interauricular