Percepção dos graduandos de enfermagem sobre o seu envelhecimento / Percepción de los estudiantes de enfermería sobre lo proprio envejecimiento / Perception of nursing undergraduate students on self-aging

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar a percepção dos graduandos de enfermagem sobre o próprio envelhecimento. Método: pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, realizada em agosto e setembro de 2011, com 18 graduandos de enfermagem de uma Universidade pública de Salvador (Bahia). Os depoimentos foram analisados por meio da Análise de Conteúdo. Resultados: apreendeu-se o núcleo temático: Percepção do graduando de enfermagem sobre o próprio envelhecimento e, a partir deste, emergiram duas subcategorias: A) O Não Pensar; B) O contexto influenciando no processo. Conclusão: os graduandos revelam que o envelhecimento está intrínseco ao desenvolvimento humano, e possui o vínculo familiar, a espiritualidade e atividade física como ferramentas fundamentais para um envelhecimento ativo. Entretanto, os mesmos relatam que, o modo de vida acelerado e estressante vivido na sociedade possibilita inserir hábitos considerados inadequados, como o consumo de “fast food” e álcool, que trazem influências negativas para o próprio processo de envelhecimento. .

RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar la percepción de los estudiantes de enfermería sobre su proprio envejecimiento. Método: estudio cualitativo, realizado en agosto y septiembre de 2011, con 18 estudiantes de enfermería de una universidad pública en Salvador/Bahia. Los datos fueron analizados através de análisis de contenido. Resultado: incautados el tema central: Percepción de alumnos de enfermería sobre su propio envejecimiento y de esto surgieron dos subcategorías: A) No creo; B) El contexto influye en el proceso. Conclusión: los estudiantes revelan que el envejecimiento es intrínseco al desarrollo humano, y tiene los vínculos familiares, la espiritualidad y la actividad física como herramienta clave para el envejecimiento activo. Sin embargo, el mismo informe que, debido a la forma de vida que se vive en la sociedad de ritmo rápido y estresante permite insertar hábitos considerados inadecuados, como el consumo de “comida rápida” y el alcohol y convertirse en influencias negativas para su propio proceso tuvo como objetivo analizar de los estudiantes de enfermería su propio envejecimiento. .

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the perceptions of nursing undergraduate students on their self-aging process. Method: qualitative study carried out between August and September, 2011 with 18 nursing undergraduate students of a public university in Salvador, Bahia. The interviews were analyzed by means of the Content Analysis method. Results: the following thematic concept was apprehended: Perceptions of nursing undergraduates on their self-aging, which generated two subcategories: A) The “don’t think about it” process; B) The context infl uencing the process. Conclusion: undergraduates reveal that the aging process is an intrinsic factor to human development. Family ties, spirituality and physical activity would be key mechanisms toward active aging. However, students also reported that their accelerated and stressed social lifestyles led to inadequate habits, such as the consumption of fast food and alcohol, which become negative infl uences in their aging process. .

Neuro-cysticercosis with Japanese encephalitis: magnetic resonance imaging with diffusion and spectroscopy.

Neuro-cysticercosis (NCC) and Japanese encephalitis (JE) are common in tropical countries. Two cases of NCC with coexistent JE are presented, which share same socio-demographic and ecologic factors and have the same intermediate host (pig). Patients were on treatment for NCC and presented in comatose state. Sudden clinical deterioration of a patient with NCC should warrant a search for coexistent JE. We report findings of magnetic resonance spectroscopy and diffusion-weighted imaging of the JE.

Hemiplegia: an initial manifestation of Japanese encephalitis.

A 7-year-old boy from an area endemic to Japanese encephalitis (JE) manifested with acute febrile illness, left hemiplegia and preserved consciousness during the prodromal phase of illness. The child developed features of encephalitis 48 hours after the onset of hemiplegia. IgM MAC ELISA for JE virus revealed high titers in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid suggestive of JE. MRI of the brain showed asymmetrical bilateral thalamic hyperintense lesions on T2 weighted image, considered diagnostic of JE. Hemiplegia during the prodromal phase or as an initial symptom of JE is rather unusual.

Detection of HIV seropositivity during an outbreak of Japanese encephalitis in Manipur.

An epidemic outbreak of Japanese encephalitis (JE) occurred during mid 1995. Sixteen serum samples from patients with history of febrile headache, convulsions, mental confusion, neck rigidity etc. were sent to the Department of Virology, School of Tropical Medicine, Calcutta, in August, 1995. Twelve (75%) showed HIV antibody against JEV. Out of these 12 sera showing HIV antibody titre between 1:40 and 1:160, eight (66.6%) showed IgM antibody, giving the presumptive diagnosis of recent JEV infection. Five of these 16 sera showed HIV seropositivity (31.25%). Concomitant JEV and HIV infection could be detected in 3 cases. However, in 2 sera HIV titre were less than 1:20. This is probably the first documentation of concomitant JEV and HIV infection in the eastern India.

Prognostic factors of early sequelae and fatal outcome of Japanese encephalitis.

A clinical case control study to identify prognostic factors present at hospital admission associated with early sequelae and fatal outcome of acute Japanese encephalitis (JE) was carried out in Gusi county, Henan Province, central China from June to September 1991. A total of 70 patients with laboratory-confirmed acute JE were studied, of whom 3 cases died and 33 cases had neurological or psychiatric sequelae at the end of three months follow-up. The results showed that acute JE at younger age, with higher body temperature, high white cell count in CSF, and deep coma present at hospital admission were markers for unfavorable outcomes (sequelae or fatal). A history of the vaccination was not correlated with the early sequelae and fatal outcome of the disease. The paper suggests that early diagnosis and treatment and universal JE vaccination for all susceptible populations are keys for decreasing incidence of sequelae and fatal outcome of acute JE.

Early mental and neurological sequelae after Japanese B encephalitis.

Japanese B encephalitis is a disease with high mortality and many of those surviving suffer from serious sequelae. During the 1992 epidemic in northern Vietnam 50 patients treated at the Institute for Protection of Children's Health in Hanoi were studied concerning the type of sequelae and the development of the symptoms during the first two months of the disease. The age span was 1 to 15 years. 29 of the patients (58%) did not recover fully during the observation period. Fifteen (30%) showed signs of both neurological and mental disturbances. Nine (18%) only had mental symptoms while 5 (20%) suffered from isolated neurological sequelae. EEG was pathological in 9 out of 30 tested cases (30%); 9 of 23 patients (39%) performed subnormal IQ tests. Deep coma, bronchopneumonia with cyanosis, apnea attacks, prolonged fever and coma were all correlated (without statistical significance) to a higher risk for subsequent sequelae.

Clinical sequelae of Japanese encephalitis in children.

Over a five and a half year period, virological investigations for Japanese encephalitis (JE) were conducted in children admitted with acute encephalitis like illness to a large city hospital. The diagnosis of Japanese encephalitis was made by viral isolation from cerebrospinal fluid and/or a four-fold or higher rise in haemagglutination inhibiting antibodies in paired sera followed by demonstration of specific IgM antibodies by HI test after treatment with 2-mercapto ethanol. All children surviving the illness were contacted by post and followed up for sequelae. A total of 55 children could be followed up after 12-18 months and 22 of these even after 2 yr. A high rate of major sequelae (45.5%) in the form of frank motor deficits (32.7%), mental retardation (21.8%) and/or convulsions (18.2%) was observed. Neurological deficits were of diverse types and improved even after 2 yr of the illness. Fourteen patients (25.4%) had only minor deficits in the form of scholastic backwardness, behavioural problems and/or subtle neurological signs. Only 16 (29.2%) patients were completely normal on follow up. JE may therefore be an important cause of neurological handicap in this area. Sequelae of the disease were more severe if the initial illness was prolonged (P < 0.001, CI 2.45, 12.64), or associated with focal neurological deficits (P < 0.001, CI 1.97, 7.02).

Japanese B encephalitis with neurocysticercosis.

A case of Japanese encephalitis (JE) with multiple calcified lesions suggestive of calcified neurocysticercosis on CT scan of the head is reported. The presence of nonenhancing calcified lesions and rising antibody titres for JE differentiated it from acute encephalitis neurocysticercosis. Post mortem studies indicate that neurocysticercosis predisposes to fatal JE infection. The present report is of an association of the two diseases which did not result in a fatal outcome.