Protective effect of heme oxygenase-1 induction in vivo to pancreas islet xenograft / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the protective effect of islet xenograft and its possible mechanism of high expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in donor pancreas islet induced by cobalt protoporphyrin (CoPP).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Male SD rats and C57BL/6 mouse were used as donors and recipients respectively. Donors were divided into 3 groups according to different pretreatment 24 hours before donation: control group (injected intraperitoneally with NaCl), induce group [injected intraperitoneally with cobalt-protoporphyrin (CoPP)], block group (injected intraperitoneally with CoPP and zinc protoporphyrin simultaneously). A modified approach was used for islet isolation.Recipients were rendered diabetic by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. Islets were transplanted into mouse subrenal capsule. Postoperative mouse glycemia were monitored daily and normoglycemia time was compared among each group. The receptor mouse serum IL-10 was detected by ELISA approach, and real-time PCR was used to check the expression of IL-10 mRNA in islet graft tissues. The graft tissues were observed for the lymphocyte infiltration after HE staining.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Diabetes mice accepted islets untreated, induced or blocked maintained the euglycemia for (9.3 +/- 1.4), (16.3 +/- 1.5) and (9.7 +/- 1.0) d respectively. The xeno-islets presented HO-1 over-expression survived much longer than that absent (P < 0.05), it was no significance between control group and block group (P > 0.05). The mouse islet serum IL-10 content after induction was (73.0 +/- 9.7) pg/ml, significantly higher than (30.6 +/- 3.9) pg/ml of the untreated group and (32.1 +/- 5.9) pg/ml of the blocked group (P < 0.05), there was no difference between control group and block group (P > 0.05). Moreover, the IL-10 mRNA expression up-regulated statistic significantly in HO-1 induced islet xeno-graft. Pathological examination showed that the graft lymphocyte infiltration of the induced group was obviously less serious than the other two groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The higher expression of HO-1 induced by CoPP in vivo would significantly prolong graft survival time and its mechanism could be related to immune modulation of IL-10.</p>

Xenographic transplantation of monkey pancreatic islets into rats.

Islets of Langerhans were isolated from the monkey pancreatic by collagenase digestion method. Freshly isolated monkey pancreatic islets were transplanted under the renal capsule of normal rats. Treated group of rats received Cyclosporine A injections and the control group of rats did not receive any drug. In Cyclosporine A treated rats the monkey islets were not destroyed. They maintained their normal structural integrity with occasional neutrophils surrounding the islets. In the untreated rats dense infiltration of neutrophils destroyed the islets in three days. On the seventh day dense infiltration of lymphocytes was seen. Granulomas composed of epitheloid cells and occasional multinucleated Langerhans type giant cells were seen on the fourteenth day.

Folinic Acid is an Active Chemosensitizer of 5-Fluorouracil in vivo against Human Transitional Cell Carcinoma / 대한비뇨기과학회지

While augmentation of 5-fluorouracil (5FU) cytotoxicity by folinic acid (FA) has clearly been demonstrated in vitro, its value in human is controversial. Unfortunately, essentially all tumors studied in vivo have been murine and none were transitional cell carcinoma (TCC); no in vivo studies of FA+5FU against TCC xenografts have been performed. The present study was initiated to test the effects of FA on 5FU induced cytotoxicity in two human bladder cancer xenografts, DU4184 and DU4284, and to further test the sequence dependence of FA+5FU synergism. To perform the in vivo chemosensitivity assay, we used modified nude mouse subrenal capsule assay. Before treatment, the mice were randomly allocated into four groups. Group A was given normal saline only as a control, group B was given 5FU (100 mg/kg i.p.) only, and group C was given FA (100 mg/kg i.p.) and 5FU simultaneously and group D was given FA and one hour later 5FU. Before treatment and after treatment tumor volumes were measured and tumor growth ratio (TGR) of each group was calculated. TGRs of group A, B, C, and D were 6.1+/-0.6, 3.8+/-0.3, 3.8+/-0.4, and 3.0+/-0.2, respectively.No difference in cytotoxicity was seen if 5FU was given simultaneously with FA (group C). However, pretreatment with FA one hour prior to 5FU resulted in statistically significant potentiation of 5FU efficacy (group D) (p<0.05). Using this preferred dose schedule, DU4184 vs. DU4284 (+/- FA) was evaluated. Comparative sensitivity of the two lines revealed that DU4284 is relatively resistant to 5FU. FA significantly enhanced the cytotoxicity of 5FU on both DU4184 and DU4284 xenografts (p<0.05, and p<0.01, respectively) and had a substantially greater impact in the intrinsically more 5FU-resistant tumor (DU4284). It is concluded that FA is an effective chemosensitizer of 5FU in vivo against human TCC. Nevertheless, dose schedule is critical; pre-loading of the tumor with FA prior to 5FU is essential. However, as yet undefined intrinsic biochemical differences between tumors [such as thymidine salvage pathways (not generally assessable by standard in vitro assays)] may modulate the extent of such efficacy. Further preclinical study with an expanded TCC xenograft battery is necessary and should be linked with a study of biochemical correlates to identify phenotypic differences in FA chemosensitivity of those benefiting from this regimen.