Static stretching of the hamstring muscle for injury prevention in football codes: a systematic review

Hamstring injuries are common among football players. There is still disagreement regarding prevention. The aim of this review is to determine whether static stretching reduces hamstring injuries in football codes. A systematic literature search was conducted on the online databases PubMed, PEDro, Cochrane, Web of Science, Bisp and Clinical Trial register. Study results were presented descriptively and the quality of the studies assessed were based on Cochrane's 'risk of bias' tool. The review identified 35 studies, including four analysis studies. These studies show deficiencies in the quality of study designs. The study protocols are varied in terms of the length of intervention and follow-up. No RCT studies are available, however, RCT studies should be conducted in the near future

Desgarro isquiotibial en cirugía reconstructiva de ligamento cruzado anterior con autoinjerto de semitendinoso-gracilis / Hamstring strains after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with double semitendinosus-gracilis tendon autograft

Our purpose was to determine the incidence and the etiology of hamstring strains in patients with previous Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Reconstruction with quadruple hamstring autograft. Methods: Between January 2004 and January2006, 136 patients (46 woman and 90 men) underwent an ACL reconstruction using quadruple Semitendinosus - Gracilis autografts. Clinical hamstring strains were registered, including date of surgery and date and cause of injury. Results: 12 patients (8.8 percent) presented hamstring strains (6 woman and 6 men). The average time between surgery and strain was 42.9 days (12-129 days). 2 patients had recurrent strains. The total number of strains was 15. Etiology: 4 cases (27 percent) occurred during rehabilitation, 2 (13 percent) during swimming, 3 (20 percent) after slipping down, 3 (20 percent) during sport activities without the surgeon´s approval and the rest of the cases in different situations. Conclusion: Hamstring strains are common after ACL reconstruction with quadruple hamstring autograft. The great variability of the causes and the timing of injury makes it difficult to recommend a protocol of rehabilitation to prevent hamstring strains.

Objetivo: Determinar incidencia y causas de desgarro muscular isquiotibial en pacientes post operados de reconstrucción de Ligamento Cruzado Anterior (LCA) con técnica de autoinjerto cuádruple de Semitendinoso-Gracilis (STG). Métodos: Entre Enero del 2004 y Enero del 2006, en 136 pacientes consecutivos (46 mujeres y 90 hombres) con reconstrucción de LCA con técnica STG, se registraron clínicamente los desgarros isquiotibiales, incluyendo fecha de la cirugía, causa y fecha del desgarro. Resultados: Del total de 136 pacientes, 12 (8,8 por ciento) presentaron desgarros de isquiotibiales, 6 hombres y 6 mujeres. El tiempo promedio desde la cirugía al desgarro fue de 42,9 días (12 a 129 días). Dos pacientes tuvieron recurrencia del desgarro. El total de desgarros fue de 15 episodios. Causas: durante distintas fases de la terapia física en 4 casos (27 por ciento), 2 nadando (13 por ciento), 3 tras resbalar mientras caminaba (20 por ciento), 3 realizando actividad física precozmente, no autorizada (20 por ciento), y el resto en situaciones diversas. Conclusión: Los desgarros isquiotibiales son frecuentes en cirugía de LCA con técnica de STG. La mayoría de los casos ocurrió durante la terapia física y no se encontró diferencia entre hombres y mujeres.

Incidence of sport injuries in hockey players

The present work was done on 244 hockey players to determine the incidence of sport injuries among them. All of them were thoroughly clinically examined and radiological examination was done for some of them. Their ages ranged between 14 and 31 years. Results reveals that the incidence of sports injuries among hockey players was 81.9%, 27.5% of injuries were due to playing without protective measures. The most common injuries found were: regionally knee injuries [26.5%], pathologically sprain lateral ligament of ankle [13%], knee effusion [21%] in players of age below 18 years, sprain lateral ankle ligament of ankle [13.3%] in players of age above 18 years. Also, it was found that the most common injuries according to different position of the players in the team were as follows: chondromalacia patellae 30.7% in goal keepers, knee effusion and contusion shin 13.1% in defenders, sprain lateral ligament of ankle 21.2% in mid-field players and rotator cuff strain 17% in forwards players