RESUMO
Color Doppler imaging (CDI) was carried out to evaluate the effects of anti-glaucoma drugs on ophthalmic circulation using CDI-derived resistive index (RI) values. CDI was performed on nine Beagle dogs, and RI values were calculated for the medial long posterior ciliary artery before and after the administration of anti-glaucoma drugs. A significant increase in RI values was found after topical administration of levobunolol (p < 0.05) or dipivefrin (p < 0.05). Pilocarpine showed no effects on RI values after topical administration. The results suggest that some anti-glaucoma drugs could affect ophthalmic blood flow.
Assuntos
Animais , Cães , Feminino , Masculino , Agonistas Adrenérgicos/farmacologia , Artérias Ciliares/efeitos dos fármacos , Epinefrina/análogos & derivados , Olho/irrigação sanguínea , Glaucoma/tratamento farmacológico , Levobunolol/uso terapêutico , Fenômenos Fisiológicos Oculares , Pilocarpina/uso terapêutico , Resistência VascularRESUMO
Thirtyfive siderophore producing fungi were categorized for their hydroxamate, catecholate or carboxylate nature by chemical and bioassays. Out of 35 fungi, 30 were hydroxamates and 5 showed carboxylate nature. However, none of the fungi produced catecholate type of siderophores. Eighteen out of 29 fungi were trihydroxamate and the rest 11 fungi were dihydroxamates. Twenty-three fungi were hexadentate and 6 were tetradentate in nature. Quantification of siderophores using standard compounds deferrioxamine mesylate and rhizoferrin revealed that Phanerochaete chrysosporium produced maximum among the hydroxamate producing fungi and Mycotypha africana resulted maximum among the carboxylate producing fungi.
Assuntos
Bioensaio , Ácidos Carboxílicos/química , Desferroxamina/química , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Epinefrina/análogos & derivados , Compostos Férricos/química , Fungos/metabolismo , Ácidos Hidroxâmicos/química , Ferro/metabolismo , Ligantes , Sideróforos/química , EspectrofotometriaRESUMO
We undertook a non-concurrent prospective study of 191 Puerto Rican patients from August 1993 to April 1994. All patients had open angle glaucoma (OAG) (age ranged from 50 to 80 yrs; mean = 65 yrs). Patient's symptomatology associated to side effects of their glaucoma medicadons was reviewed. Incidence percent of ocular and/or systemic side effects per medication were: levobunolol 45.0; betaxolol 42.0; timolol 27.3; pilocarpine 100; dipivefrin 14.0; and acetazolamide 250 mg 64.1. Incidence percent of ocular and/or systemic side effects of topical beta-blockers used with concomittant medications were determined. Ocular side effects were more frequent in patients using levobunolol 44.2 than in those patients using betaxolol 42.0, 8.5 of patients using levobunolol did report systemic side effects. No systemic side effects were reported by patients using betaxolol. Ocular side effects in patients using pilocarpine were frequent (100); whereas the frequency of systemic side effects was low (6.1). Systemic side effects were common in patients using carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. These results suggest that non-selective and cardio-selective topical Beta-blockers, differ in their ocular or systemic side effects