Contaminación microbiólogica en fórmulas infantiles en polvo en dos hospitales de Honduras / Microbiological contamination in children's powdered formulas in two Honduran hospitals

OBJETIVOS: Determinar la existencia de contaminación por patógenos en fórmulas infantiles en polvo (FIP) procesadas en los dos hospitales públicos más grandes de Honduras y evaluar las condiciones de procesamiento de sus servicios de fórmulas infantiles (SFI). MÉTODOS: Estudio exploratorio realizado en dos etapas: ') Evaluación presencial de las condiciones de procesamiento de las FIP de los dos SFI; 2) Recolección y análisis de las muestras FIP para el aislamiento de Cronobacter spp. y enterobacterias. RESULTADOS: La evaluación de los SFI mostró debilidades en diferentes aspectos como infraestructura, almacenamiento, capacitación y registros. Cincuenta muestras fueron recolectadas en total de cinco marcas originarias de seis países. El 38% se encontraban en uso durante el muestreo y 62% fueron recolectadas de latas selladas. Se comprobó la presencia de Cronobacter spp. en 4% (2/50) del total de muestras, una proveniente de cada hospital. Se elaboró y entregó un manual de procesamiento de FIP a cada hospital participante. CONCLUSIONES: Existe contaminación de Cronobacter spp., Klebsiella y Acinetobacter en los dos hospitales hondureños; resultado similar a los estimados en Chile (5%) y Cuba (',6%). Es necesaria la implementación del manual de procesamiento FIP y el monitoreo de estos y otros microorganismos patógenos.

OBJECTIVES: Determine the existence of pathogen contamination in powdered infant formulas (PIF) processed in the two largest public hospitals in Honduras and evaluate the processing conditions of their infant formula services (IFS). METHODS: Exploratory study executed in two stages: ') faceto-face evaluation of the processing conditions of the PIF of the two IFS; 2) Collection and analysis of the PIF samples for Cronobacter spp. and Enterobacteriaceae isolation. RESULTS: The evaluation of the IFS showed weaknesses in different aspects such as infrastructure, storage, training and keeping records. In total, fifty samples were collected, representing five brands from six countries. Thirty eight percent of samples were collected from cans in use during sampling and 62% were collected from sealed cans. The presence of Cronobacter spp. was detected in 4% (2/50) of the total samples, one from each hospital. A PIF processing manual was prepared and delivered to each participating hospital. CONCLUSIONS: Contamination of Cronobacter spp., Klebsiella and Acinetobacter existed in two evaluated Honduran hospitals; results similar to others in Chile (5%) and Cuba ('.6%). It is necessary to implement the PIF processing manual and monitor these and other pathogenic microorganisms

Avaliação das condições higienicossanitárias de um lactário do sul de Minas Gerais / Evaluation of hygienic and sanitary conditions of a lactary from southern Minas Gerais

No ambiente hospitalar, a alimentação faz parte dos cuidados de recuperação e tratamento. É imprescindível que os alimentos ofertados nesse ambiente sejam adequados às necessidades do usuário e que sejam de qualidade. Foram realizadas análises microbiológicas das formulações em pó e reconstituídas utilizadas para alimentação infantil e enteral, além do ambiente de manipulação das mesmas. Foram realizadas contagens de bactérias aeróbias mesófilas, bolores e leveduras, identificação de Staphylococcus coagulase positiva, determinação do Número Mais Provável (NMP) de bactérias Coliformes a 35ºC e 45ºC, de Escherichia coli e pesquisa de Salmonella sp. A contagem de bactérias aeróbias mesófilas variou de 2,0x102 a 1,0x105 UFC/mL nas amostras. Bolores e leveduras tiveram variação entre <1x101 e 1x105. Para coliformes totais, o NMP não passou de < 0,3 mL, enquanto para os coliformes a 45ºC, o NMP mínimo foi de <0,3 e o máximo de 2,4x102, onde a análise para Escherichia coli foi ausente. Quanto à presença de Staphylococcus coagulase positiva obteve-se resultado negativo em todas as amostras. Em nenhuma amostra foi detectada a presença de Salmonella sp. Concluiu-se que as amostras analisadas não atendem em 100% o preconizado na resolução RDC 12/2001.

In the hospital environment, alimentation is part of recovery care and treatment. It is necessary that the food offered in this environment are suitable to user needs and that are of quality. Microbiological analyses were performed on the powder and reconstituted formulations used in infant and enteral formulations, in addition to handling the same environment. Were carried out scores of mesophilic aerobic bacteria, molds and yeasts, Staphylococcus coagulase positive identification, determination of the Most Probable Number (MPN) of coliform bacteria at 35ºC and 45ºC, Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp. The Mesophilic aerobic bacteria count ranged from 2.0 x 102 to 1.0 x 105 CFU / ml of the sample. Molds and yeasts had variation between <1x101 to 1x105. For bacteria total coliform MPN was nothing but <0.3 mL, while for 45°C coliforms the minimum NMP was <0.3 and maximum 2,4X102 where the analysis for Escherichia coli was absent. As for the presence of Staphylococcus coagulase positive, negative results was obtained for all samples. In none of sample was detected the presence of Salmonella sp. It is concluded that the samples do not meet 100% the recommended in Resolution RDC 12/2001.