Efectos de la bromocriptina en pacientes con artritis reumatoide activa / Effects of bromocriptine in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis

Background: Neuroendocrine factors play an important role in the expression of autoimmune disease. Proclatin (PRL) can induce T-cell proliferation and macrophage activation. Elevated PRL levels have been described in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and (RA). Aim and Methods: We studiend immunological and clinical effects of PRL suppression in 9 RA patients with active disease, treated for 3 months with bromocriptiner (BRC), an inihibitor of PRL secretion. Results: BRC induced a significant depression of the peripheral blood mononuclear cells response to antigen (p=0.008) and mitogen (p=0.008) which was significantly correlated with improvements in the HAQ disability index (r=0.68; p=0.04) and grip strength (r=0.7; p=0.02). Also, the in-vitro production of IL-2, nitric oxide and poliamines -that are critical for the proliferative response of lymphoid cells- decreased significantly. The group experienced significant improvement of grip strength (p=0.028) and the HAQ disability index (p=0.025), whereas 4 individuals archieved clinical improvement according to the American College of Rheumatology preliminary definition. We conclude that BRC treatment induces a significant depression of in-vitro immune function in RA patients and these changes are related to parameters of disease activity. The effects of BRC on immune function and disease activity in RA patients warrant further investigation

Acidosis tubular renal distal y litiasis renal en tres casos de síndrome de Sjögren primario / Distal renal tubular acidosis and renal lithiasis in 3 cases of primary Sjögren's syndrome

Tubulo interstitial nephritis, the main manifestation of renal involvement in Sjögren syndrome, may lead to a tubular dysfunction that is usually subclinical. We report 3 women, aged 32, 35 and 35 years old, with a primary Sjögren's syndrome and symptomatic type I or distal tubular acidosis. Two patients had nephrolithiasis and one a nephrocalcinosis. Two had a basal hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis. The ammonium chloride acidification test was abnormal in all, demonstrating a distal tubular defect. None had proximal tubular dysfunction. All had an urinary pH over 6.5 and hypocitraturia and none had hypercalciuria. Renal calculi were composed of calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate in 2 patients and calcium phosphate and ammonium phosphate in the other. All women had positive antinuclear antibodies with mottled pattern, 2 had anti Ro antibodies and positive rheumatoid factor and 1 had hypergammaglobulinemia. None had anti La antibodies, crioglobulinemia or monoclonal proteins

Seroprevalence of autoantibodies in selected and unselected populations in Jamaica

Various serological techniques were used to investigate the prevalence and distribution of autoantibodies in healthy Jamaicans and patients with autoimmune and non-autoimmune disease. Low concentrations of autoantibodies were found in healthy Jamaicans, including thyroid (1.5 per cent ), gastric parietal cell (1.4 per cent ) and smooth muscle (11.3 per cent ). There was no significant age or sex predominance in the distribution of autoantibodies in the healthy population though autoimmune disease was more prevalent in females. Serological overlaps occurred but the comparative distributions and concentrations of autoantibodies in patients with autoimmune disease and non-autoimmune disease, and health subjects indicate that currently available methods of autoantibody determination may be used successfully in diagnosis in Jamaica. Failure to detect circulating pancreatic islet cell antibodies in insulin-dependent diabetic patients as well as in healthy Jamaicans questions the pathogenicity of these antibodies and diminished their diagnostic usefulness in this population.

Detección de factor reumatoide por nefelometría en pacientes de un centro hospitalario en México / Determination of rheumatoid factor by nephelometry in a mexican medical center

Se estudió la presencia de factor reumatoide por nefelometría en 6.264 muestras consecutivas de suero, provenientes de pacientes captados de una población hospitalaria de 1988 a 1990. El 52 por ciento de estos pacientes presentaron FR positivo, en comparación con el 1,4 por ciento en el grupo control. Se obtuvieron resultados negativos en 48 por ciento de los sueros captados en población hospitalaria, en comparación al 98 por ciento de muestras negativas en una población control (p<0,000001), captada en una clínica de atención de primer nivel. Ambos grupos mostraron características demográficas y socioeconómicas similares y los resultados no dependieron del número de pacientes estudiados, cuando se divieron a los resultados en negativos (<30Ul/ml), intermedios (30-110 Ul/ml) y altos (>30 Ul/ml), se encontró una frecuencia similar de los sueros positivos (20-27 por ciento), especialmente cuando se evaluaron los límites intermedios. Estos niveles variaron muy poco en los diferentes períodos del estudio. Los resultados de factor reumatoide pueden mostrar gran variación de acuerdo a la edad, sexo, antecedentes inmunogenéticos, o antecedentes patológicos en diferentes poblaciones. Los pacientes de población hospitalaria, muestran una alta incidencia de padecimientos infecciosos e inflamatorios crónicos que pueden cursar con pruebas positivas para factor reumatoide, y esto puede explicar su alta frecuencia en comparación con el grupo control. Falta definir la participación de ésta y otras variables en estudios posteriores

Wa idiotype in seropositive rheumatoid arthritis

Antibodies against cross-reactive idiotypes (CRIs) may prove useful as phenotypic tracers of immunoglobulin variable region genes (VH or VL). CRIs of human rheumatoid factors (RFs) seem to be useful in the elucidation of the incidence and structural characteristics of the latter. Anti-Wa CRI antibodies were produced and an enzyme immunoassay was developed to test polyclonal RFs isolated from sera of 20 rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, 7 males and 13 females, aged 17 to 74 years. Seventeen patients had clinically active disease and three were in remission. Disease duration ranged from 1 to 25 years and RF titers ranged from 1:160 to 1:640. The immunoassay could detect as little as 8 ng of a monoclonal purified WaRF and positive results were found in 30 per cent of patient sera. Therefore, we may conclude that at least part of the RFs seen in RA patients derives from germ line genes

Técnica de Waaler-rose con eritrocitos formalinizados para la determnianción del factor reumatoide / Waaler-rose technique with formolized erythrocytes for the determination of rheumatoid factor

La técnica de Waaler-Rose donde se emplean eritrocitos de carnero formalinizados y sensibilizados con la fracción IgG de un antisuero de conejo anti-eritrocitos de carnero (WRECFS), se desarrolló sobre láminas portaobjetos, método propuesto por Milgrom y Tönder (1964) para la determinación del factor reumatoideo. Se compararon obtenidos mediante esta técnica y la prueba del Látex, en un grupo de pacientes con el diagnóstico de artritis reumatoide (AR) y en donantes de sangre sanos. El porcentaje de positividad de las técnicas ensayadas y de la prueba del Látex en pacientes con AR, fue de 47,7 y 50,8, respectivamente, y en donantes, de 0 y 1,5. Se encontró una correlación positiva y con coeficiente de correlación * = 0,88, p < 0,005 entre ambas pruebas, valores todos similares a los comunicados por otros autores