Seguridad cardiovascular de los antidiabéticos orales / Cardiovascular safety of oral antidiabetics

Resumen La Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 (DM-2) es un equivalente de riesgo cardiovascular. Existe una gran variedad de fármacos para el control de la glicemia en los pacientes con DM-2, los cuales tienen diferencias en su perfil cardiovascular, unos han demostrado un beneficio en la reducción de riesgo de eventos cardiovasculares, otros tienen un efecto neutro, y en el caso de otros fármacos como las sulfonilureas y las tiazolinedionas existe dudas sobre su seguridad cardiovascular. Sien do DM-2 un equivalente de riesgo coronario, es fundamental tomar en cuenta el perfil de riesgo cardiovascular de estos medicamentos a la hora de iniciar alguna de estas drogas y no solo su eficacia para controlar los niveles de glicemia. El objetivo de esta revisión es comentar sobre los estudios más recientes que evalúan el riesgo cardiovascular con el uso de los distintos antidiabéticos orales.

Abstract Cardiovascular Safety of Oral Antidiabetics Diabetes Mellitus type 2 (DM-2) is an equivalent of cardiovascular risk. There is a wide variety of drugs for the glycemic control in patients with DM-2, which have differences in their cardiovascular profile, some have shown a benefit in reducing the risk of cardiovascular events, others have a neutral effect, and in the case of other drugs such as sulfonylurea and thiazolidinedione, there are doubts about their cardiovascular safety. Being DM-2 an equivalent of coronary risk, it is essential to consider the cardiovascular risk profile of these medicines when starting any of these drugs and not only their effectiveness in controlling glycaemia levels. The objective of this review is to comment on the most recent studies evaluating cardiovascular risk with the use of different oral antidiabetics.

Hypoglycemic Effect of Strychnos Potatorum Linn were Compared with Glipizide on Male Diabetic Rats.

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the antidiabetic effect of Strychnos Potatorum Linn (S.P. Linn) on streptozotocin induced male diabetic rats. Method: Male albino rats (150-200 gm) were made diabetic by a single intraperitoneal injection of Streptozotocin (STZ) at a fixed dose of 40 mg/kg body weight. Animals were then given either the test drug or the standard control drug i.e. glipizide orally and the effects on fasting blood glucose level, body weight, food and water intake were recorded and compared with the standard drug. Results: The test drug S. P. Linn reduces blood sugar significantly in STZ induced diabetic male rats which is comparable to that of glipizied. Conclusion: S.P. Linn has antidiabetic action as it significantly reduces blood sugar level in male diabetic rats.

Estudo clínico com a Glipizida no controle metabólico do diabetes mellitus tipo II (nåo-insulino-dependente) / Clinical trial with Minidiab (glipizide) on metabolic control of diabetes type II (non-insulin-dependent)

Foi realizado um estudo clínico objetivando o controle metabólico do diabetes mellitus nåo-insulino-dependente (NIDDM), utilizando-se um hipoglicemiante oral, glipizida (Minidiab), para o tratamento de 30 pacientes de ambos os sexos com idade entre 43 e 70 anos (57,4 mais ou menos 7,49) e portadores desta patologia, por um período de 4,97 mais ou menos 3,41 anos. Glipizina é uma sulfoniluréia de segunda geraçåo, que provou, através de estudos clínicos realizados, ser um medicamento seguro e eficaz, pois reduziu a valores aceitáveis os níveis de glicose de jejum, pós-prandial e triglicerídeos, em um período inicial de três meses de tratamento. Deste modo, reduziu o risco do distúrbio metabólico que caracteriza o diabetes mellitus nåo-insulino-dependente. Na decorrência do tratamento,, foram observadas reaçöes adversas leves como náuseas, tonteira, diarréia, as quais nåo obrigaram a interupçåo da medicaçåo. Foi constatado um caso de urticária, obrigando, portanto, à descontinuaçåo da medicaçåo neste paciente

Effect of sulphonylurea therapy on insulin sensitivity in non insulin dependent diabetics.

Insulin tolerance test was done to assess the insulin sensitivity in a group of untreated non insulin dependent diabetic subjects before and after sulfonylurea (tolbutamide, glibenclamide, glipizide) therapy. The parameters studied were KITT, slope of the blood glucose fall, summation values, and area under the curve of glucose response. All the three commonly used sulphonylurea drugs improved insulin sensitivity after 4 weeks of therapy.