Expression of Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) on the cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage in rabbits

PURPOSE:To demonstrate the relationship between of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) expression and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).METHODS:The basilar arteries from a "double-hemorrhage" rabbit model of SAH were used to investigate the relation between S1P expression and SAH. Various symptoms, including blood clots, basilar artery cross-sectional area, and S1P phosphatase expression were measured at day 3, 5, 7, 9.RESULTS: The expression of S1P was enhanced in the cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage in the rabbits. And S1P expression was consistent with the basilar artery cross-sectional area changes at day 3, 5, 7, 9.CONCLUSION: Sphingosine-1-phosphate expression in the cerebral arterial may be a new indicator in the development of cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage and provide a new therapeutic method for SAH.

Relevancia de la hiperglucemia para la evolución y el desenlace de la hemorragia subaracnoidea aneurismática: evidencias y mecanismos / Relevance of hyperglycemia on the course and outcome of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: evidence and mechanisms

La hemorragia subaracnoidea aneurismática (HSAa) puede tener un desenlace mortal en unas pocas semanas debido por las complicaciones que presenta, como el vasoespasmo y el edema cerebrales junto con la hiperglucemia. La hiperglucemia podría estar relacionada con el desarrollo del vasoespasmo y el edema cerebrales. Es posible que el control de la glucemia juegue un papel central en la evolución y el desenlace de la HSAa. Se han descrito los mecanismos por los cuales puede darse esta relación, que incluyen el equilibrio de iones, la liberación de aminoácidos excitadores, la estimulación de moléculas vasoconstrictoras y la disminución en la síntesis de vasorrelajantes. Sin embargo, existen estudios que no apoyan la hipótesis sobre la participación de la hiperglucemia en esta enfermedad. En conjunto, estas evidencias sugieren que el control de los niveles de glucosa podría modificar el desenlace de los grupos de pacientes con HSAa dependiendo de las complicaciones que presenten.

Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) may have a fatal outcome after a few weeks from ictus, due to its complications, like cerebral vasospasm and edema along with hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia may be involved in the development of brain vasospasm and edema. It is possible that hyperglycemia plays a central role in the outcome of aSAH. Several mechanisms may explain this relationship; they include ion balance, excitatory amino acid release, stimulation of vasoconstrictor molecules and reduced synthesis of vasorelaxants. However, some studies do not support this hypothesis regarding the role of hyperglycemia in aSAH. Taken together, the evidence suggests that the control of glucose levels may influence the aSAH outcome depending on the complications that may develop.