Hepatites B e C no estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, 1999 - 2009 / Hepatitis B and C in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, 1999 - 2009

A presente pesquisa teve por objetivo determinar a taxa de detecção das Hepatites B e C no estado de Mato Grosso do Sul nos anos de 1999 a 2009. A análise foi realizada através do banco de dados do Sistema de Informações de Agravos de Notificações (SINAN) da Secretaria de Estado de Saúde, utilizando-se das variáveis: classificação etiológica, município de residência, sexo, idade, raça/cor e fonte de infecção. Os dados referentes ao genótipo da Hepatite C foram obtidos através do Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública de Mato Grosso do Sul (LACEN-MS) desde o início da realização do diagnóstico de biologia molecular neste laboratório em 2005 até o ano de 2009. Foram encontradas 3251 notificações de Hepatite B, sendo a média da taxa de detecção durante o período de 13,15 casos por cem mil habitantes. Na distribuição geográfica dos casos notaram-se maiores taxas nosmunicípios do interior em relação à capital durante todo o estudo...

This study aimed to determine the detection rate of hepatitis B and C in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul from 1999 to 2009. The analysis was performed using the database of the National Information System for Disease Notification (SINAN) from the State Department of Health, using the variables: etiological classification, city ofresidence, sex, age, race and source infection. The data relating to hepatitis Cgenotype were obtained from the Central Laboratory of Public Health of Mato Grosso do Sul (LACEN-MS) when diagnoses of molecular biology started in this laboratory in 2005 until the year. We found 3251 reports of hepatitis B, and the average detection rate during the period of 13.15 cases per hundred thousand inhabitants. Geographical distribution of cases noted higher rates in the cities of the interior in relation to capital throughout the study...

An epidemiological study of HBV, HCV and HTLV-I in Sherpas of Nepal.

An epidemiological study of hepatitis viruses type B (HBV) and type C (HCV) and human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) was carried out among 103 residents (male:female=61:42) regarded as Sherpas, at Lukla (Solukhumbu district), Nepal in 2004. Blood was drawn from apparently healthy volunteers at ages of 28.8+12.3 (range 15-66) years. HBsAg, HBsAb, HBcAb, and HCV Ab were measured by microparticle enzyme-immunoassay, and HTLV-I Ab was measured by particle agglutination. Prevalence of HBsAg(+), HBsAb(+), HBcAb(+), and HBsAb(+) or HBcAb(+) were 1.9% 22.3%, 24.3%, and 28.2%, respectively. For HCV Ab, only a borderline reaction was observed in one sample, and for HTLV-I Ab all samples were negative. Nucleotide sequencing of the PreS1, PreS2, and S genes revealed that HBV among Sherpas to be of the A' (or Aa) genotype, which is prevalent among Nepalese but rare in native Tibetans, suggesting transmission within Nepal rather than association with ancestors' migration from Tibet as the origin. This is the first report of Himalayan Sherpas' state of infection with HBV, HCV, and HTLV-I.

Prevalence, risk factors and genotype distribution of HCV and HBV infection in the tribal population: a community based study in south India.

Viral hepatitis caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) represents a major public health problem in India. These viruses share common modes of transmission, such as parenteral routes. We aimed to assess the exposure of a tribal population to these viruses in south India. The present study was carried out on serum samples from 890 individuals (526 males and 324 females) belonging to the Lambada tribe residing in the state of Andhra Pradesh, south India. Anti-HCV antibody and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) status in the sera were analyzed using commercially available enzyme immunoassays (Abbott Labs, Chicago, IL). HCV-RNA and HBV-DNA in the sera was tested by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and PCR, respectively. The infecting genotype of HCV was determined using type-specific primers corresponding to the NS5 region of the virus. Out of the 890 samples, 18 (2.02%; male 11/526; female 7/364) were positive for HCV-RNA by RT-PCR and, 17 of them were positive for anti-HCV antibody. Genotyping of HCV isolates from the 18 individuals positive for HCV-RNA revealed that 66.67% (12/18) were infected with type 1 of HCV and its variants; while in the remaining (6/18), the infecting genotype was found to be type 3 and its variants. A total of 46 samples (5.16%; males 28/526; female 18/364) were positive for HBsAg; while 11 were positive only for HBV-DNA, 9 were positive for both hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) and HBV-DNA. Cultural practices such as tattooing, traditional medicine (e.g. blood-letting), rituals (e.g. scarification), body-piercing etc are the potential sources of spread of infection in this tribe. None of the samples analyzed revealed co-infection with the 2 viruses.