Casearia sylvestris Swartz Extract Release Using Natural Rubber Latex Biomembranes as Carrier.

The Natural Rubber Latex (NRL) from Hevea brasiliensis has shown promise in biomedical applications due to its low cost, easy handling, mechanical properties and biocompatibility, being used for bone regeneration and wound healing due to its natural stimulus to angiogenesis. The aim of this work was to incorporate Casearia sylvestris Sw. extract in NRL biomembranes and study its release behavior. The complex membraneextract has as object of study a new approach of using C. sylvestris extract in the treatment of wounds, for possessing antiseptic activity, anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. The C. sylvestris species (Salicaceae), popularly known as "guaçatonga", presents great distribution and is used in folk medicine as antiulcer, wound healing, anti- snake venom, properties which have been proven and related to clerodane diterpenes (casearins A-X). The release rate of C. sylvestris compounds from extract-membrane complex was monitored and analyzed using the method of optical spectroscopy (UV-VIS). The release varied with temperature ranging from 14 to 33 days, releasing more than 90%, with an interesting and promising biomedical application, such as wound healing and burns.

Primer reporte de susceptibilidad del clon de caucho natural FX-3864 a Microcyclus ulei en la altillanura colombiana / First report of susceptibility of natural rubber clone FX-3864 a Microcyclus ulei en la altillanuera colombiana

El mal suramericano de las hojas (SALB), enfermedad endémica del caucho (Hevea brasiliensis), es causado por Microcyclus ulei (forma imperfecta Fusicladium macrosporum) y constituye el principal limitante del cultivo en América, área donde el microorganismo patógeno es endémico. En forma semejante al de otros cultivos agrícolas, el manejo de esta enfermedad está condicionado a la disponibilidad de resistencia genética en el hospedero. En razón de su productividad y condición de resistencia genética, el clon FX 3864 ha sido ampliamente plantado en zonas con diferente potencialidad epidémica a la incidencia del SALB en Colombia, particularmente las denominadas de “no escape” a la enfermedad. Durante el 2010, plantaciones con el clon FX 3864 en fase productiva presentaron síntomas de SALB en zonas de escape ubicadas en la altillanura colombiana (departamento del Meta). En parcelas trampa ubicadas en áreas aledañas a los cultivos se estableció que la severidad promedio de la enfermedad alcanzó niveles de 5,78% en este clon. Verificada la causalidad de la enfermedad mediante observaciones al microscopio se procedió a confirmar el origen del material sobre el cual se desarrollaban las lesiones, utilizando marcadores moleculares (4 microsatélites específicos). Los resultados de la prueba permitieron confirmar la susceptibilidad del hasta hace poco resistente clon FX 3864 al SALB en Colombia. Se sugiere tomar en consideración la nueva condición de este clon y, en concordancia, reorientar los programas de fomento del cultivo advirtiendo a los agricultores sobre los riesgos potenciales de ocurrencia de la enfermedad en las nuevas áreas programadas.

South American Leaf Blight (SALB), caused by Microcyclus ulei (anamorph Fusicladium macrosporum), is an endemic major disease of the rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) in America. As well as in other crop systems, its management on rubber plantations relies on plant genetic resistance availability, among other means. FX 3864 is a rubber tree clone widely planted in Colombia due to its production capability and disease resistance. During 2010 SALB symptoms developed in commercial crops at the Meta region of Colombia. Crop traps located nearby the plantations showed mean disease severity levels of 5.78%. Once the causal organism was microscopically confirmed as responsible for the diseased tissue, their origin was characterized by molecular means using 4 microsatellites specific to the rubber tree. The procedure confirmed that FX 3864 was the clone of origin of the leaf tissue. SALB occurring over FX 3864 implies the need to redirect crop disease management measures to be followed on the new development areas of rubber cultivation, warning growers about potential hazards of disease incidence.