Risk factors associated with the development of hyperamylasemia and post-ERCP pancreatitis in the Cuban National Institute / Factores de riesgo con el desarrollo de la hiperamilasemia y pancreatitis post PCRE en el Cuban National Institute

Contexto: La pancreatitis aguda es la complicación más frecuente de la PCRE y algunos factores de riesgo son asociados con el desarrollo de hiperamilasemia y pancreatitis post PCRE. Objetivos: Identificar factores nuevos asociados con hiperamilasemia y pancreatitis post PCRE en pacientes que acudieron a nuestro centro. Material y métodos: Un estudio retrospectivo de cohorte se llevó a cabo en 170 pacientes en quienes se realizó una CPRE diagnóstico-terapéutica por enfermedad biliopancreática. 67 pacientes desarrollaron hiperamilasemia (39,4%) y 6 pancreatitis post PCRE (3,5%). Se aplicaron los siguientes criterios diagnósticos: Hiperamilasemia: elevación de la amilasa sérica por encima del valor normal (90IU).Pancreatitis aguda post PCRE: dolor abdominal continuo por más de 24 horas y elevación de la amilasa tres veces por encima del valor normal. Resultados: El número de canulaciones, más de 4 (19 pacientes), (p=0,006; RR= 3,00) se asoció significativamente con el desarrollo de la hiperamilasemia y la puesta de stents biliares (14 pacientes) se asoció como un factor protector (p=0,00; RR= 0,39). Los factores asociados con el desarrollo de la pancreatitis post PCRE se relacionaron con el paciente (localización peridiverticular de la papila (p=0,00; RR= 2,00) y disfunción del Esfinter de Oddi (p=0,000; RR=1,20). Conclusiones: Factores técnicos fueron asociados con el desarrollo de la hiperamilasemia, sin embargo, los relacionados con el desarrollo de la pancreatitis post PCRE fueron mayoritariamente relacionados al paciente.

Context: Acute pancreatitis is the most common complication in ERCP, and some risk factors were associated with the development of hyperamylasemia and post-ERCP pancreatitis. Objectives: identifying new factors associated with the development of hyperamylasemia or post-ERCP pancreatitis in patients attended at our center. Material and methods: A (retrospective) cohort study was carried out in 170 patients on which a diagnostic-therapeutic ERCP was done due to biliopancreatic disease. 67 patients developed hyperamylasemia (39.4%) and 6 post-ERCP pancreatitis (3.5%). The following diagnostic criteria were applied: Hyperamylasemia: increase in the serum amylase level above the normal value (90I/U). Acute post-ERCP pancreatitis: clinical: continuous abdominal pain for over 24 hours and biochemical: elevation of amylase 3 times above normal value (90U/I). Results: The number of cannulations more than 4 (19 patients), (p=0.006; RR= 3.00) was associated significantly with the development of hyperamylasemia and the placing of biliary stent (14 patients), (p=0.00; RR= 0.39) was a protective factor. The factors associated with the development of post-ERCP pancreatitis were related with the patient (peridiverticular location of the papilla (p=0.00; RR= 2.00) and the sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (p=0.000; RR=1.20). Conclusion: Technical factors were associated with the development of hyperamylasemia, however, the factors associated with the development of post-ERCP pancreatitis in our universe of study were related mainly with the patient.

Hyperamylasemia and acute pancreatitis following organophosphate poisoning

To determine the frequency of hyperamylasemia and acute pancreatitis following organophosphate poisoning. This is a descriptive study conducted at the Medicine Department, Abbasi Shaheed Hospital Karachi during the period of six months from 16th June 2006 to December 2006. All patients of both sexes and ages above 15 years admitted with a positive history of organophosphate poisoning [OP] were included in the study. A special Proforma was designed to enter all the collected data containing the basic information about the patient, history of recent event and the past history, physical examination and the relevant investigations like complete blood count, serum amylase and lipase, alanine aminotransferase [ALT], lactate dehydrogenase [LDH] and ultrasound abdomen. Among 90 patients, hyperamylasemia was found in 28 [31%] patients. Hyperlipasemia was seen in nine [10%] patients and pancreatitis was seen in two [2.2%] patients. Hyperamylasemia is more frequently seen in organophosphate poisoning while two patients proved to have acute pancreatitis as a complication

Clinical trial of gabexate in the prophylaxis of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis

The objective of the present study was to determine the efficacy of prophylactic administration of gabexate for the prevention of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) pancreatitis, hyperamylasemia and pancreatic pain. Patients scheduled for ERCP were randomized into two groups in a double-blind manner: the patients in the gabexate group were treated with continuous intravenous infusion of 300 mg gabexate dissolved in 500 mL Ringer's solution at 111 mL/h, starting 30 min before the endoscopic maneuvers and continuing up to 4 h after them; placebo group patients were treated only with Ringer's solution also starting 30 min before the endoscopic maneuvers and continuing up to 4 h. Data for 193 patients were analyzed. The incidence of post-ERCP pancreatitis was 3 patients (3.1 percent) in the gabexate group and 10 (10.5 percent) in the placebo group (P = 0.040). The incidence of hyperamylasemia was 33 patients (33.7 percent) in the gabexate group and 42 (43.7 percent) in the placebo group (P = 0.133). The incidence of pancreatic pain was 15 patients (15.3 percent) in the gabexate group and 28 (29.5 percent) in the placebo group (P = 0.018). The results suggest that a 4.5-h infusion of gabexate (for a total of 300 mg) could prevent post-ERCP pancreatitis and pancreatic pain.