Alteraciones inmunológicas en la Enfermedad de Castleman / Immunological disorders in Castleman's disease

La enfermedad de Castleman es una entidad poco frecuente, caracterizada por hiperplasia linfoide angiofolicular. Tiene dos tipos histológicos principales: el hialino vascular y el de células plasmáticas; y dos formas clínicas: la localizada y la multicéntrica. Se presenta el caso de una paciente femenina de 19 años de edad con diagnóstico de enfermedad de Castleman tipo hialino vascular, con tres adenopatías localizadas en la región cervical y antecedentes de cuadros infecciosos a repetición previos al diagnóstico. En el estudio inmunohistoquímico se observó CD 20, CD 3 patrón normal y Ki 67 positivo en los folículos linfoides. El estudio inmunológico de sangre periférica arrojó una disminución marcada de los linfocitos CD3+, fundamentalmente a expensas de los CD4+, con conservación de la inmunidad humoral y presencia de anticuerpos antinucleares. Se detectaron anticuerpos IgG anticitomegalovirus y antivirus de Epstein Barr y no se detectaron anticuerpos anti-VIH1,2. Las manifestaciones clínicas sugestivas de inmunodeficiencia antes del diagnóstico de la enfermedad de Casttleman y los resultados de laboratorio obtenidos, permiten sugerir la influencia de la desregulación del sistema inmune en la patogenia de la enfermedad proliferativa. El estado de inmunodeficiencia, además, favorece las infecciones por gérmenes oportunistas, que a su vez potencian los desórdenes inmunes y linfoproliferativos. Se obtuvo una respuesta clínica favorable con tratamiento inmunoestimulante

Castleman'sdisease is a rare disorder characterized by angiofollicularlymphoid hyperplasia. There are two main histological patterns of the disease: the hyaline vascular type and the plasma cell type; andtwo clinical forms: localized and multicentric. We report a case of a 19-year-old female patient with hyaline vascular type Castleman's disease with cervical lymphadenopathies and medical history of repetitive infectious diseases before diagnosis. The inmunohistochemical study reported CD 20, normal pattern of CD3 and Ki 67 positive only in lymphoidfollicles. The immunological study showed low levels of CD3+ CD4+ lymphocytes, slightly low levels of CD3+ CD8+ lymphocytes, and the presence of antinuclear antibodies (ANA). The humoral immunity was not affected.Other findings were IgG antibodies against CMV and EBV positive, and VIH 1,2 antibodies negative. Clinical history suggesting Immunodeficiency and laboratory findings support the hypothesis that deregulation of the immune system could lead to the pathogenesis of the proliferative disease. Also, the immunodeficiency state promotes the onset of opportunistic infections which may increase immune and proliferative disorders. A favorable response to immunostimulant treatment was observed

A new mutant hairless mouse with limph node hyperplasia and late onset of autoimmune pathology

Adult BALB/c male mice were injected with a single dose of ethyl nitroso urea (ENU; 250 mg/Kg, ip) and mated to C57BL/6, DBA/2 AND A/J adult females 13 weeks later. F1 males were mated with BALB/c females and F2 females were then backcrossed to the F1 parents. One BALB/c male mouse thus teated gave origin to a mutant presenting hair and skin alterations similar to those of natural hairless mutants. The new mutation is located on chromosome 14 near the Es10 locus, and probably at the same locus for the hairless mutation. Similar to the hairless mouse, this new mutant has a normal phenotype at birth and after three weeks starts to loose hair which is never replaced. Additionally, the skin becomes thickened and wrinkled. One feature that distinguishes this mutant from other hairless mice is the peculiar enlargement of its axillary and cervical lymph nodes. The new mutant develops membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis similar to the rhino mouse, one of the hariless allele mutants already described in the literature, but with a much later onset