RESUMO
O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a ocorrência da reação de sensibilidade ao látex e realizar dosagem de anticorpos antilátex em profissionais dos cursos de odontologia, medicina e enfermagem da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória-ES, Brasil. Estudo observacional, transversal. A amostra intencional foi composta por 295 profissionais. A sensibilidade foi avaliada por meio de questionário estruturado e validado, e a presença de IgE-látex por meio da coleta de 10ml de sangue submetido a análise com emprego do sistema Immunocap-Pharmacia®. Os valores IgE-látex foram distribuídos em diferentes classes. Resultados: 22,4, por cento (n=66) apresentaram sensibilidade ao látex, classe V IgE latex (17,6-42 KUA/L); 77,6 por cento (n=229) sem sensibilidade, classe 0 IgE-látex (<0,35KUA/L). O teste de Fisher mostrou correlação estatística significativa (p<0,05) em relação às seguintes variáveis: gênero; atopia; eczema nas mãos; alergia a medicamento; doença crônica; uso de anti-inflamatório; cirurgias anteriores. Conclusão: Observou-se valores positivos de IgE-látex nos profissionais com sensibilidade ao látex, sugerindo a necessidade de adoção de medidas profiláticas para a prevenção e ou adequação do ambiente de trabalho, preservando a saúde destes trabalhadores.
The scope of this study was to verify the occurrence of sensitivity to latex and conduct dosage of anti-latex antibodies in health professionals of the Dental, Medical and Nursing Schools of the Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitoria, ES, Brazil. This was a cross-sectional observational study. The intentional sample was composed of 295 professionals. Sensitivity was evaluated by means of a structured and validated questionnaire and the presence of IgE-latex by means of collection of 10 ml of blood submitted to analysis using the Immunocap-pharmacia® system. The IgE-latex values were categorized in different groups. Results: 22.4 percent (n=66) showed latex sensitivity, class V of the IgE latex (17.5-42 KUA/L); 77.6 percent (n=229) showed no sensitivity, class 0 or 1 of the IgE-latex (<0.35KUA/L-8,6KUA/L). Fisher's test showed a significant correlation statistic (p<0.05) in relation to the following variables: gender; atopy; eczema of the hands; allergy to medicination; chronic illness; use of anti-inflammatory; prior surgeries. Conclusion: Positive values of IgE were observed in the professionals with sensitivity, suggesting the adoption of prophylactic measures for the prevention and or adaptation of the work environment, preserving the health of these workers.
Assuntos
Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pessoal de Saúde , Imunoglobulina E/sangue , Hipersensibilidade ao Látex/sangue , Doenças Profissionais/sangue , Estudos TransversaisRESUMO
Several proteins of rubber latex have been recognized as allergens causing immediate hypersensitivity in humans. In this study, a bottom fraction membrane (BFM) protein preparation from Hevea brasiliensis trees grown in southern Thailand was used to detect specific IgE in four groups of serum samples. The first group included 170 samples of latex glove factory workers (LGWs); group 2 consisted of the sera of 35 health care workers (HCWs) who were repeatedly exposed to powdered latex gloves; groups 3 and 4 were 31 positive and 22 negative sera, respectively, obtained from Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA, tested for IgE to latex allergen. It was found that 56/170 (33%), 5/35 (14%), 11/31 (35.5%) and 1/22 (4.5%) samples of the LGWs, HCWs, CAP+ and CAP- groups had significant IgE to the BFM proteins, respectively. However, of all subjects only one subject of group 1 had experienced allergic morbidity consisting of eczema, conjunctivitis and asthma. The IgE of this subject bound to a 55 kDa component in the rubber latex BFM preparation. Thus, this protein may be regarded as a novel, although minor, latex allergen. Further investigation is needed to characterize the component and to pinpoint its allergenic role.