RESUMO
Background: Leukemia is a fatal disease. The oral manifestations of the leukemias occur early in the course of the disease and these oral features can at times act as a diagnostic indicator. Saliva has been used as a diagnostic aid in a number of systemic diseases. Materials and Methods: In our study, samples of unstimulated saliva of 30 leukemia patients who were not on chemotherapy were collected and analyzed for salivary amylase and total protein. The oral manifestations and radiographic changes (OPG) were recorded. The correlation between the oral manifestations and the salivary components (salivary amylase and total protein) was assessed for prognostic significance. Results: In the present study when the mean values of salivary amylase (1280±754 U/ml) and total protein (647.2±320.7 mg%) were compared with that in control subjects. There was a statistically significant difference for amylase levels (P<.05). On intraoral examination the study subjects showed pallor, gingivitis, gingival enlargement, petechiae, and ecchymosis. On the OPG, the radiographic features included generalized rarefaction of bone (20%), thinning of lamina dura (3.4%), generalized alveolar crest bone resorption (30%), thinning of walls of alveolar crypts (6.7%), besides others, e.g., periapical abscess (10%). Conclusions: The saliva of leukemic patients demonstrated obvious changes in composition. A rise in salivary amylase and total protein levels was evident, with the increase in amylase levels being statistically significant.
Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Perda do Osso Alveolar/etiologia , Perda do Osso Alveolar/diagnóstico por imagem , Amilases/análise , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Equimose/etiologia , Feminino , Hipertrofia Gengival/etiologia , Gengivite/etiologia , Humanos , Doenças Maxilomandibulares/etiologia , Doenças Maxilomandibulares/diagnóstico por imagem , Leucemia/complicações , Leucemia/metabolismo , Leucemia Linfocítica Crônica de Células B/complicações , Leucemia Linfocítica Crônica de Células B/metabolismo , Leucemia Mielogênica Crônica BCR-ABL Positiva/complicações , Leucemia Mielogênica Crônica BCR-ABL Positiva/metabolismo , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/complicações , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/metabolismo , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doenças da Boca/etiologia , Abscesso Periapical/etiologia , Abscesso Periapical/diagnóstico por imagem , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras/complicações , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras/metabolismo , Púrpura/etiologia , Radiografia Panorâmica , Saliva/enzimologia , Proteínas e Peptídeos Salivares/análise , Adulto JovemRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Gingival enlargement is the term now used to describe medication-related gingival overgrowth or gingival hyperplasia, a common reactionary phenomenon that occurs with the use of several types of therapeutic agents, including antiepileptic drugs. This disorder has been recognized since 1939, shortly after the introduction of phenytoin. METHODS: Review of literature concerning etiology, pathogenesis and management of antiepileptic drug induced gingival enlargement. CONCLUSIONS: It is important that neurologists become aware of the potential etiologic agents of antiepileptic drug induced gingival enlargement and its characteristic features in order to be able to prevent, diagnose and successfully manage it.
INTRODUÇÃO: Hipertrofia gengival é o termo usado na atualidade para descrever aumento gengival ou hiperplasia gengival, um fenômeno comum que ocorre com o uso de vários tipos de agentes terapêuticos, incluindo drogas antiepilépticas. Este distúrbio foi descrito em 1939, logo após a introdução da fenitoína. MÉTODOS: Revisão da literatura em relação a etiologia, patogênese e manejo da hipertrofia gengival induzida por drogas antiepilépticas. CONCLUSÕES: É importante que neurologistas estejam conscientes dos agentes etiológicos em potencial da hipertrofia gengival induzida por drogas antiepilépticas e de suas características a fim de preveni-la, diagnosticá-la e tratá-la de modo satisfatório.
Assuntos
Humanos , Fenitoína/efeitos adversos , Hipertrofia Gengival/etiologia , Anticonvulsivantes/efeitos adversos , Higiene Bucal , GengivectomiaRESUMO
Lymphoblastic lymphoma-leukemia (LBLL) most commonly presents with mediastinal masses (50-75%), while pleural and pericardial effusion may also be present. Lymphadenopathy usually in the neck, axilla or supraclavicular regions, is considered as another typical presentation of the disease. This is a case report of a six-year-old boy with unusual huge enlargement of maxilla, mandible and soft palate as well as gingival hypertrophy which led to secondary respiratory and feeding difficulties. Morphologic and flowcytometric evaluation of bone marrow aspiration showed that it was a T cell type acute leukemia which may be due to dissemination of a lymphoblastic lymphoma and considered as a case of lymphoma-leukemia. After appropriate treatment, the symptoms of the patient relieved significantly and he is in complete remission for about one year.
Assuntos
Criança , Hipertrofia Gengival/etiologia , Humanos , Irã (Geográfico) , Doenças Maxilomandibulares/etiologia , Leucemia Linfoide/complicações , Masculino , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras/complicaçõesRESUMO
La embarazada experimenta en su piel, durante los 280 días que dura su estado de gravidez, una serie de cambios muy notorios, que por su alta incidencia se consideran normales. En este trabajo se hace un análisis de los cambios fisiológicos que se presentan en los tegumentos durante la gestación; se revisan somerante las alteraciones endocrinológicas y se describen los padecimientos y lesiones dermatológicas que se observan en las embarazadas, exceptuando las erupciones pruriginosas específicas del embarazo