La coccidioidomicosis en el I.N.E.R / The coccidiodomycosis in the INER

Estudio retrospectivo de 12 enfermos con coccidioidomicosis pulmonar atendidos en el INER de 1987 a 1991. Como elementos claves en el diagnóstico se refieren los factores de riesgo y la identificación del hongo, lo cual es posible en el examen directo de la expectoración en el 75 por ciento de os casos, cifra que se eleva al 91.6 por ciento cuando las secreciones se obtienen mediante broncoscopia. Es útil la biopsia del órgano enfermo. Se ofrece una clasificación clínica del padecimiento y la experiencia obtenida con la anfotericina B, el ketoconazol y el itraconazol

Nutrition related resource use in urban areas.

Current social organization of cities is unable to respond to increases in the population fast enough to ensure adequate physical and social functioning of all inhabitants. New social structures in the organization of cities is changing the situation of disadvantaged and malnourished people by changing their access to resources. Resources include a number of non-economic ones that can contribute to improve health and nutritional status. The use of these resources depends on individual choices by people. The nature of basic needs predisposes these choices to include ones that are economically irrational and an inefficient use of resources from economic standpoints. The combination of restricted access to resources and inherent inefficiencies in their use determine the health and nutritional situation of people. Indicators of change in the number of choices and the elasticities of benefits associated with them would recognise both the non-competitive and the market aspects of the new urban social organization. Indicators of the number and type of choices available to people, associated with the nutritional and health benefits derived from those choices may be tools for use in urban planning to support new initiatives for groups in fast growing areas where malnutrition is prevalent.

Social problems and health in urbanization.

One of the main characteristics of urbanization in Asia is the very rapid increase in population movement from rural to urban centers. This phenomenon has led to changing population structure, its composition and lifestyles in the cities and its fringes. As a consequent of population pressure on urban system and infrastructure, compounded by the nature of the composition of the in-migrant population, the urban concentrates are faced with several social and socio-economic problems. Although there has been a lot of interests among researchers to study the causes and effects or urbanization, there is a vacuum in the area of health implications. Planners and administrators usually give priority to the physical aspects of the urban and urbanities. Social problems and health implications thereof receives very little attention either at the level of administration or research. This paper therefore is a brave attempt to focus and draw some attention to this neglected area by looking at selected social problems and the health consequences.