Prevalence of etiologic bacteria and beta-lactamase-producing bacteria in acute and chronic maxillary sinusitis at Phramongkutklao Hospital.

BACKGROUND: To date, there is an increasing trend of prescribing antibiotics that cover beta-lactamase-producing bacteria as the first line drug for sinusitis patients in Thailand This practice dose not only increases the treatment cost but might also induce resistance to antimicrobial agents. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of the pathogenic bacteria in acute and chronic maxillary sinusitis as well as the prevalence of beta-lactamase-producing bacteria. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The maxillary aspiration fluid specimens of 52 acute and chronic sinusitis patients at Phramongkutklao Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand during May 2002-May 2003, were collected. Aerobic and anaerobic cultures were performed and the beta-lactamase activities of isolated bacteria were determined. RESULTS: Of 58 specimens, 44 (75.9%) and 14 (24.1%) specimens were collected from acute and chronic maxillary sinusitis patients, respectively. Of 44 specimens of acute maxillary sinusitis, the predominant isolates were Haemophilus influenzae (13, 29.5%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (4, 9%), Streptococcus viridan (4, 9%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (4, 9%). 6 (13.6%) of them were beta-lactamase-producing bacteria. Of 14 specimens of chronic maxillary sinusitis, the predominant isolates were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (3, 16.6%), Staphylococcus spp (3, 17.5%) and Streptococcus spp. (2, 11.6%). 1 (7.1%) Haemophilus influenza isolate from this group was beta-lactamase-producing bacteria. The percentage of anaerobe was 8.9%, 23.3% for acute and chronic maxillary sinusitis, respectively. CONCLUSION: The present study was indicated that the common organisms in acute maxillary sinusitis were Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus viridians which were similar to a previous study. But the authors found an increased prevalence of anaerobe bacteria in acute maxillary sinusitis and also found beta-lactamase-producing bacteria, 21.4% Hemophilus influenzae less than the previous studies (which found beta-lactamase-producing bacteria around 50% to 70%). The authors found 23.3% anaerobe bacteria in the chronic maxillary sinusitis, less than the previous studies, and the authors also found 8.9% anaerobe in acute maxillary sinusitis.

Diferenciación de infecciones virales de bacterianas por medición de actividad de la enzima 2'-5' oligoadenilato sintetasa en células mononucleares de sangre periférica / Diferentiation of viral and bacterial infections by mesurement of 2'-5' oligoadenilate sintetase enzime activity sintetasa mononuclear cells of peripheric blood

Se describe el ensayo de laboratorio y uso de la enzima 2'-5' oligoadenilato sintetasa (2'-5' OAS) en el diagnóstico diferencial de infecciones virales de infecciones bacterianas. La enzima 2'-5' OAS se ensayó en extractos solubles de linfocitos de sangre periférica en 73 pacientes: 28 controles, 11 pacientes con infección bacteriana aguda confirmada y 34 pacientes con infecciones virales, documentadas por el cuadro clínico y/o de laboratorio. La actividad de la enzima 2'-5'OAS en cada grupo se comparó en términos de porcentaje de aumento con respecto a la incorporación basal de 3H-ATP. Los linfocitos de pacientes con infecciones virales tienen un 377,9ñ195,3% de aumento de actividad 2'-5'OAS; las infecciones bacterianas alcanzan a un 98,2ñ53,2%. El ensayo enzimático que se describe, ha resultado particularmente útil para diferenciar orígenes etiológicos en el síndrome febril prolongado