Efeitos do fenômeno da irradiação do método de facilitação neuromuscular proprioceptiva no acidente vascular encefálico sobre o membro inferior: estudo preliminar / Effects of the irradiation phenomena of the Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation method on the cerebrovascular accident on the lower limb: preliminary study

Introdução: A irradiação pelo método de Facilitação Neuromuscular Proprioceptiva (FNP) não se restringe somente a ativação da musculatura agonista, mas aos músculos homólogos e contralaterais. Objetivo: avaliar o efeito da irradiação sobre a ativação muscular do membro inferior parético, equilíbrio e marcha de indivíduos na fase subaguda pós-AVE. Métodos: cinco indivíduos, avaliados antes e após a intervenção de 12 sessões, incluindo o padrão extensor da diagonal primitiva (D2) de membro superior bilateralmente, em várias posições, por meio da eletromiografia, da escala Fulg-Meyer (FM) e Índice do Andar Dinâmico (IAM). Resultados: As avaliações da FM e do IAM não apresentaram diferenças significativas. A anova fatorial revelou que as variáveis independentes tarefa (p=,00000), músculo (p=,0016) e avaliação (p=,01882) mostraram diferença significativa entre as avaliações. Conclusão: A irradiação do método FNP não promoveu mudanças significativas no equilíbrio e na marcha, mas mostrou ser eficaz na ativação dos músculos do membro inferior nestes pacientes hemiparéticos em recuperação.

Introduction: The method by irradiation of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) is not only restricted to agonist activation of muscles, but the counterparts and contralateral muscles. Objective: To evaluate the effect of irradiation in the activation of paretic muscles of lower limb, on balance and gait of individuals in post-stroke subacute phase. Methods: five subjects, evaluated before and after 12 sessions of intervention based on extensor pattern of the bilateral upper limb in various positions, through electromyography, Fulg-Meyer (FM) and Dynamic Gait Index (DGI). Results: The evaluations of FM and DGI did not present significant differences. The anova factorial revealed that the independent variables task (p =, 00000), muscle (p =, 0016) and evaluation (p =, 01882) showed significant difference. Conclusion: Irradiation of the FNP method did not promote significant changes in balance and gait, but was shown to be effective in the activation of the lower limb muscles in these hemiparetic patients in recovery.

A phase I trial of tocoferol monoglucoside in patients undergoing hemi-body radiation.

PURPOSE: To evaluate Tocoferol monoglucoside (TMG), a water soluble vit. E. in a phase I trial, as a radiation protector in those undergoing hemi-body radiation for disseminated disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients scheduled to receive modified hemi-body radiation were accrued for the study. Patients not only had disseminated skeletal disease but, were heavily pretreated Seven patients were accrued for the study. Patients received 1 and 2 gms of TMG. 30-40 minutes before hemibody radiation. A dose of 600 cGy was delivered on telecobalt equipment at mid plane. Immediate Toxicities were evaluated as well as response to pain. RESULTS: All the seven patients underwent radiation uneventfully. There was no drug related toxicity. Pain relief was adequate. CONCLUSION: Tocoferol monoglucoside an effective antioxidant with no significant acute toxicity, when administered in a dose of 1 or 2 gms per oral route. TMG being water-soluble can have global antioxidant and radio protective effects. This needs further clinical evaluation.

Partial brain irradiation [PBI] or whole brain irradiation [WBI], the justified solution in the management of patients with malignant astrocytomas

Postoperative conventional radiotherapy [RT] improved survival for glioblastoma multiforme [GBM] and astrocytoma anaplasticum [AA], but local recurrences were still a reason of poor outcome. The optimum RT in GBM and AA patients has not been clearly defined by prospective randomized trials. Today, individually constructed partial brain irradiation [PBI] remains to be accepted model, but, however, controversies still exist with respect to its size. The main purpose of this study was to compare response and acute radiation toxicity in patients with malignant astrocytoma treated by PBl or whole brain irradiation [WBI]. Thirty-four patients with supratentorial malignant astrocytomas were enrolled in this study and treated between January 2003 and December 2004 in the Clinical Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University. Patients were randomized in two therapeutic groups according to the used treatment volume. In group I PBI covered the contrast-enhancing lesion with 2 cm added margins. The dose was 50 Gy/25 fractions over 5 weeks followed by boost dose of 15 Gy/5 fractions per week. Group II patients were treated by WBI to a dose of 40 Gy/20 fractions and a boost dose of 25 Gy in 12 fractions. Complete response was achieved in 35.3% and 11.8% of patients in group I and group II respectively. Improvement of KPS to 90-100% by 76.5% of group I and 41.2% of group II [p=0.0365]. Four patients had recurrence in both groups I and II with a median recurrence time of 6.8 and 4.5 months respectively. The median survival time was 9.95 months for group I and 9.54 for group II [p=0.761] and the one year overall survival of both groups I and II was 59% and 48% respectively. Although the limitation of the treatment volume does not prolong the duration of survival, its application is justified to decrease brain necrosis. Due to rescuing the normal brain tissue, PBI leads to a possibility for applying high radiation doses that could improve the local tumor control and more exact localization of the lesion contributes to more efficient treatment

Preliminary study on alternative half body irradiation in the treatment of hematological malignancies / 中华血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the curative effect of alternative half body irradiation (AHBI) in the treatment of hematological malignancies.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Seventeen patients with hematological malignancies in complete remission received a high-dose chemotherapy, followed by a two-step AHBI on day 14 (12 approximately 22), upper (UHBI) and lower half body irradiation (LHBI) were sequentially given with each a single dose of 6 approximately 9 Gy at an interval of 23 (7 approximately 34) days. Fourteen received autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) during the same period were chosen as control.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Hematopoiesis recovery was observed in all the AHBI patients. The 3-year disease free survival (DFS) rate and the AHBI-related mortality were (52.38 +/- 13.47)% and 0, respectively. The longest survival time was 1446 days with a median follow-up period of 927 (428 approximately 1446) days. The 3-year DFS for the 11 acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) patients was (47.73 +/- 17.55)%. By contrast, the 3-year DFS and the AHSCT-related mortality for the 14 ALL patients in the control AHSCT group were (53.88 +/- 14.08)% and 14%, respectively. There was no significant difference in 3-year DFS between AHBI and AHSCT ALL patients.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>AHBI provides a feasible approach for hematological malignancy patients.</p>

Irradiation for shelf-life extension and improvement of the hygienic quality of fresh, semidried and dried Tilapia nilotica fish

Shelf-Life extension and improvement of the hygienic quality of the fish and its products, i.e., fresh, semidried and dried Tilapia nilotica fish, were achieved using gamma irradiation. The preparation of each product was described. Dose level of 3.5 kGy was the optimum and most effective dose for preservation of fresh eviscerated and headed fish. This dose was able to extend the shelf life of the Tilapia nilotica for 28 days at refrigeration temperature [3 +/- 1] a gainst only 7 days for unirradiated fish samples. Complete inhibition of non-spore forming pathogens contaminating the fish was achieved. Application of 5 kGy dose level appeared to be most effective for complete elimination of public health concern bacteria contaminating the semidried Tilapia nilotica fish samples and for considerable reduction of the total bacterial count, mould and yeast. This dose also extended the shelf-life of the semidried fish at ambient temperature up to 7 weeks. The same dose level of 5 kGy was effective for improving the hygienic quality of dried. Tilapia nilotica fish with 36% moisture content and 12% salt and of the fish. Packaging of drib fish in polyethylene bags [0.1 mm thickness] could protect the product from insect infesting during storage

Early Experience of Strontium-89 Therapy for Pain Palliation in the Patients with Symptomatic Metastatic Prostate Cancer / 대한비뇨기과학회지

In patients with prostatic adenocarcinoma with bony metastasis, pain palliation is an important point in improving their life quality. It is a known fact that local external irradiation is an effective treatment modality for metastatic bone pain. Because bony metastasis often affects multiple sites in prostatic adenocarcinoma, hemibody irradiation is often necessary. But it has various complications. Strontium-89 was administered in 6 patients with prostatic adenocarcinoma with symptomatic multiple bony metastasis whose pain was not controlled with local external irradiation or antiandrogen therapy. In 2 of 6 patients, pain disappeared and in other 2 of 6 patients, pain decreased to 20% of pretreatment level. Hematologic adverse effect did not appear in any patient. Along with decreasing pain, need of analgesics decreased and life quality of the patients improved. However, the PSA level of the patients did not change. Strontium-89 treatment for patients with prostatic adenocarcinoma with symptomatic bony metastasis is a valuable treatment modality in improving life quality of the patients and time-saving when compared with other treatment modalities. However there are some unsolved questions in Strontium-89 treatment such as when to start the treatment and its indications. A prospective study thould be designed including more cases.

Tratamiento del dolor por metástasis óseas en el cáncer de próstata y mama con Estroncio 89 / Pain treatment for bone metastase in prostate and breast cancer with Stronium 89

Se estudiaron los efectos de la inyección endovenosa del radioisótopo Estroncio 89, sobre la Escala de categoría numérica en reposo, Escala de categoría numérica en actividad (dinámico), Escala de Karnofsky, consumo de DAINES, opioides, y sobre sus efectos en los valores de PCA (Antígeno Prostático) Fosfatasa Alcalina, Fosfatemia, Calcemia, recuento de blancos, rojos y plaquetas y recuento de metástasis óseas, en 10 pacientes portadores de cáncer de próstata (8) y cáncer de mama (2). Se realizaron controles semanales de todos los parámetros durante 14 semanas, excepto el recuento de metástasis que se realizó en 2 oportunidades. En los resultados encontramos una disminución estadísticamente significativa en la Escala numérica en reposo, en la Escala numérica en actividad (Dinámico), y en la Escala de Karnofsky a partir de la 5ta. semana. El consumo de DAINES, mostró una tendencia descendente, siendo el consumo de opioides reducido a niveles significativos. Los glóbulos rojos, glóbulos blancos y plaquetas, descendieron luego de la 8va. semana, detectándose aumento del PCA (Antígeno Prostático) y la Fosfatasa Alcalina. Los números de metástasis no se modificaron. Se describen las características del fármaco, mecanismo de acción, dosificación, contraindicaciones y sus efectos adversos. Se discuten las distintas alternativas de tratamiento del dolor por metástasis óseas: hormonoterapia, cirugía, quimioterapia, radioterapia, farmacología. Se concluye que este procedimiento es una alternativa válida para disminuir consumo de analgésicos, aumentar la calidad de vida factible de realizar a pesar de haber sido irradiado el paciente, sin efectos secundarios, excepto por disminución de valores hemáticos no graves.

Pain relief effect of multiple alternating sequential half body irradiation [MASHBI] for multiple osseous metastases

Fifteen patients suffering from widespread osseous metastases presented from the period June, 1990 to May, 1991. All patients were treated by alternating exposures for their body halves to irradiation. The dose chosen for upper half body was 300 cGy for 5 times and 400 cGy for lower half body for 5 times. Twelve patients [80.0%] showed some degree of pain relief after first exposure and continued the whole treatment schedule. Ten patients [83.3%] had complete pain relief in both body halves. All patients with pretreatment mild or moderate pain had complete relief [7/7], while 60% [3/5] of those with severe pain achieved such complete pain relief. The mean follow up period in this study was 15 months ranged between 12 to 18 months. All cases during this follow up period maintained their response with no single case of pain reactivation. Although higher dose of irradiation to both body halves was given in this study, yet post radiation side effects were comparable with that reported with single dose S.H.B.I. 660-1000 cGy. The Multiple Alternating Sequential Half Body Irradiation [MASHBI] seems to be an efficient treatment than single dose technique SHBI and a prospective randomized study is recommended

Half body irradiation [HBI] in metastatic carcinoma

Twenty eight patients with distressing pain due to widespread bony metastases have been treated by systemic radiation therapy. Ten patients received upper half body irradiation to a dose of 600 cGy, uncorrected for lung transmission, while 14 patients received lower half body irradiation to a dose of 800 cGy. Four patients received both upper and lower half body irradiation. Patients with multiple myeloma received 300 cGy for both halves. The response rate was 78% and the relief of pain occurred within 24-48 hours. The treatment was well tolerated and heamatologically safe