RESUMO
Forty subjects included in this study, they were divided into four groups. Control healthy, chronic renal failure [CRF] patients under conservative therapy [CT], and CRF patients under hemodialysis [HD], and patients with newly discovered nephrotic syndrome [10 of each]. This study aimed at elucidating the serum total LDH and its isoenzymatic patterns in nephrotic syndrome and chronic renal failure, both are chronic renal disease. The obtained results revealed that the serum total LDH level increased significantly in CRF patients either on CT or HD. The LDH isoenzyme levels showed isomorphic rise configuration [increase in its five isoenzymes in normal ratios] in CRF under CT, CRF patients under HD showed elevated LDHI and LDH2 isoenzyme levels with the appearance of an additional band of fluorescence anodal to LDHI, before the dialysis session, with further rise in the activity of these enzymes in addition to LDH5 after the dialysis. LDH isoenzyme ratios to each other in different studied groups showed that LDH1/LDH2, LDH1/LDH4 and LDH1/LDH5, LDH4/LDH5 were significantly decreased. In nephrotic patients there was a slight insignificant tendency of elevation of serum total LDH, in combination with elevated LDH4 isoenzyme and LDH4/LDH5 ratio with decrease LDH1/LDH4, LDH2/LDH4 ratios. We concluded that serum LDH activity could be considered as a parameter of the disease severity in CRF patients. Slight insignificant tendency of elevation of serum total LDH, in combination with elevated LDH4 isoenzyme and LDH4/LDH5 ratio, with reduced LDH1/LDH4, LDH2/LDH4 ratios, suggest the LDH isoenzyme pattern of nephrotic syndrome. Elevation of LDH1/LDH5 ratio after the hemodialysis session could be considered as an indicator of the dialysis effect