Prevalencia de Trastornos Temporomandibulares según los CDI/TTM, en un Grupo de Adultos Mayores de Santiago, Chile / Prevalence of Temporomandibular Disorders According to RDC/TMD in Older People of Santiago, Chile

En la población chilena, los adultos mayores representan un 13% de la población total del país (2,2 millones), proyectándose para el 2020 un aumento del grupo de 60 años o más en un 45%. Todos los seres humanos sufren un proceso de envejecimiento y, los tejidos orales y periorales no escapan de este proceso. Las repercusiones sobre el sistema estomatognático, podrían manifestarse a través de sintomatología en alguno de sus componentes, compatible con un trastorno temporomandibular (TTM). El objetivo de este trabajo, fue determinar la prevalencia de TTM según los Criterios de Investigación Diagnóstica ó CDI/TTM (Eje I), en adultos mayores examinados en la Clínica Odontológica de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Chile (FOUCh), durante el año 2012 y establecer la relación entre ambos sexos. Este estudio determinó, que existe una alta prevalencia de TTM en la muestra de adultos mayores chilenos estudiados (47%), principalmente diagnósticos de tipo articular y sin una relación significativa entre ambos sexos.

In Chilean population, elders represent a 13% of the overall population (2.2 million), projected for 2020 an increase of 45%, from the group of 60 and over. All humans undergo a process of aging. Oral and perioral tissues do not escape from this process, whose impact on the condyle and articular disc could be observed, in the presence of symptoms consistent with temporomandibular disorders (TMD). The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of TMD according to the Research Diagnostic Criteria or RDC/TMD (Axis I), in older adults examined at the Dental Clinic of the Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile during 2012, and establish the relationship between the sexes. In conclusion, this study found that there is a high prevalence of TMD in Chilean elderly sample studied (47%), mainly articular diagnoses without a statistically significant relationship between the sexes.

Study of the patterns of accidental fractures and dislocations in the Republic of Yemen

We have studied and analyzed 4320 cases of accidental fractures and dislocations seen and treated at a busy trauma center in the Republic of Yemen. The aims were to identify the patterns of fractures and its relationship to age, sex, mechanism of injury, and other factors. The study confirmed that males were subjected much more than females to injuries and that the first two decades of life were more prone to accidental fractures than other age groups. Fall from a height [FFH] was recognized as a major cause of accidental injury [46% of cases]. It is possible to postulate some recommendations that might help to reduce the incidence of accidental fractures. We also recommend that a similar analytical study be conducted for our society for proper estimation of the size of the problem and concluding the possible policy to control and limit the grave social and economic impact of these injuries

Bone injuries during delivery.

Bone injuries during the process of delivery were studied among 34, 946 live born babies over a 11 period. There were 35 cases of bone injuries giving an incidence of 1 per 1,000 live births. Clavicle was the commonest bone fractured (45.7%) followed by humerus (20%), femur (14.3%) and depressed skull fracture (11.4%) in the order of frequency. There was one case each of orbital fracture, epiphyseal separation of lower end of femur and dislocation of elbow joint. Lack of antenatal care, malpresentation often leading to obstructed labour and operative deliveries were found to be risk factors for bone injuries. Meconium stained liquor and birth asphyxia were more commonly associated with bone injuries than control cases. Cases with injuries had longer hospital stay and higher mortality. Improving the health infrastructure at the peripheral level with early identification of high risk mothers and their appropriate management can bring down the incidence of bone injuries.

Patterns of accidental fractures and dislocations in children in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

A study of 1456 confirmed cases of accidental fractures and dislocations in children was conducted to examine the patterns of fractures and dislocations, age and sex distribution, and the causes and possible prevention of such mishaps. Dislocations were uncommon and accounted for less than 1% of the total. There were more fractures of the upper than lower limbs, and the most commonly encountered fractures were: forearm [39.6%], humerus [12%], clavicle [11%] tibia and fibula [10.6%], and femur [5.6%]. The male to female ratio was 2.3 to 1, and the risk of injury appeared to be higher in preschool children [2-6 years] and in adolescents [12- 14 years]. Non-road traffic accidents were the cause of 93% of the cases. It was concluded that supervision of the younger age groups and health education of the older age groups may decrease the incidence of injury in children