Effect of acupuncture exercise therapy synchronizing isokinetic muscle strength training for postoperative rehabilitation of meniscectomy under arthroscopy / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effect of acupuncture exercise therapy synchronizing isokinetic muscle strength training on the motor function, stability and proprioception of knee joint, as well as the anxiety emotion in patients after meniscectomy under arthroscopy.@*METHODS@#A total of 70 patients after meniscectomy under arthroscopy were randomized into an observation group (35 cases, 2 cases were eliminated， 2 cases dropped off) and a control group (35 cases, 2 cases were eliminated, 1 case dropped off). Acupuncture was applied at Chize (LU 5), Neixiyan (EX-LE 4), Dubi (ST 35),Yanglingquan (GB 34), etc. on the affective side in the two groups. After 30 min, the needles of the knee joint area were withdrew, while the needle at elbow was continuously retained, the observation group was given acupuncture exercise therapy synchronizing isokinetic muscle strength training, and the control group was given conventional acupuncture exercise therapy. The treatment was given once a day, 7-day treatment was taken as one course, and totally 4 courses were required in the two groups. Before and after treatment, the knee joint Lysholm score, the knee joint isokinetic muscle strength flexion/extension ratio (H/Q), joint position sense measurement (JPS) and Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA) score were compared in the two groups.@*RESULTS@#After treatment, the knee joint Lysholm scores and H/Q were increased compared with those before treatment in the two groups (P<0.001), and the knee joint Lysholm score and H/Q in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.001); the JPS and HAMA scores were decreased compared with those before treatment in the two groups (P<0.001), the JPS and HAMA score in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Acupuncture exercise therapy synchronizing isokinetic muscle strength training can effectively improve the motor function, stability and proprioception of knee joint, as well as the anxiety emotion in patients after meniscectomy under arthroscopy.

Research progress of knee meniscal repair techniques / 中国修复重建外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To review the research progress of meniscus repair in recent years, in order to provide help for the clinical decision-making of meniscus injury treatment.@*METHODS@#The domestic and foreign literature related to meniscal repair in recent years was extensively reviewed to summarize the reasons for the prevalence of meniscal repair, surgical indications, various repair methods and long-term effectiveness, the need to deal with mechanical structural abnormalities, biological enhancement repair technology, rehabilitation treatment, and so on.@*RESULTS@#In order to delay the occurrence of osteoarthritis, the best treatment of meniscus has undergone an important change from partial meniscectomy to meniscal repair, and the indications for meniscal repair have been expanding. The mid- and long-term effectiveness of different meniscal repair methods are ideal. During meniscus repair, the abnormality of lower limb force line and meniscus protrusion should be corrected at the same time. There are controversies about the biological enhancement technology to promote meniscus healing and rehabilitation programs, which need further study.@*CONCLUSION@#Meniscal repair can restore the normal mechanical conduction of lower limbs and reduce the incidence of traumatic osteoarthritis, but the poor blood supply and healing ability of meniscal tissue bring difficulties to meniscal repair. Further development of new biological enhanced repair technology and individualized rehabilitation program and verification of its effectiveness will be an important research direction.

Clinical Outcome Measures in Arthroscopic Meniscectomy: Clinician versus Patient Completed Knee Scores / Medidas de desfechos clínicos na meniscectomia artroscópica: Pontuações de joelho segundo médicos e pacientes

Abstract Objective The aim of the present study was to investigate the difference between clinician-completed and patient-completed outcome scores in detecting improvement following arthroscopic meniscectomy in patients with meniscal tears of the knee. Methods Thirty-four patients with meniscal tears were prospectively assessed using 9 clinical outcome measures. The five clinician-completed knee scores included the Tegner Activity Score, the Lysholm Knee Score, the Cincinnati Knee Score, the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) Examination Knee Score, and the Tapper and Hoover Meniscal Grading Score. The four patient-completed knee scores included the IKDC Subjective Knee Score, the Knee Outcome Survey - Activities of Daily Living Scale (KOS-ADLS), the Short Form-12 Item Health Survey (SF-12), and the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS). Twenty-nine of the 34 patients underwent an arthroscopic meniscectomy and were reassessed with all 9 outcome scores upon their follow-up review. Results A significant longitudinal improvement was observed in 4 of the 5 clinician-completed scores (Tegner [p< 0.001], Lysholm [p= 0.004], Cincinnati [p = 0.002] and Tapper and Hoover [p< 0.001], but not in the IKDC Examination [p= 0.332]. However, the IKDC Subjective score (p= 0.021) was the only patient-completed score to demonstrate significant improvement postoperatively. Conclusion Overall, clinician-completed scoring systems were found to be inconsistent with those of patient-completed instruments. The mode of administering outcome measures can have a significant influence on the outcome results both for research and for clinical practice. A combination of both a clinician-completed with a patient-completed instrument may be a more balanced approach to assessing and quantifying meniscus tears and the outcome following arthroscopic meniscectomy.

Resumo Objetivo O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar a diferença entre instrumentos de desfechos preenchidos por médicos e pacientes na detecção de melhora após a meniscectomia artroscópica para tratamento de rupturas de menisco. Métodos Trinta e quatro pacientes com rupturas de menisco foram avaliados de forma prospectiva usando 9 medidas de desfechos clínicos. Os cinco instrumentos de avaliação de joelho respondidos por médicos foram o Escore de Atividade de Tegner, o Escore de Joelho de Lysholm, o Escore de Joelho de Cincinnati, o Escore de Exame do Joelho do International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC, na sigla em inglês) e o Escore de Classificação do Menisco de Tapper e Hoover. Os quatro instrumentos de avaliação do joelho respondidos por pacientes foram o Escore Subjetivo do Joelho do IKDC, a Pesquisa de Desfecho de Joelho - Escala de Atividades de Vida Diária (KOS-ADLS, na sigla em inglês), o Formulário Curto de Pesquisa em Saúde de 12 Itens (SF-12, na sigla em inglês) e o Escore de Desfecho de Osteoartrite e Lesões no Joelho (KOOS, na sigla em inglês). Vinte e nove dos 34 pacientes foram submetidos a uma meniscectomia artroscópica e reavaliados com todos os 9 instrumentos na sua consulta de acompanhamento. Resultados Uma melhora longitudinal significativa foi observada em 4 dos 5 instrumentos respondidos por médicos (Tegner [p< 0,001], Lysholm [p= 0,004], Cincinnati [p= 0,002] e Tapper e Hoover [p< 0,001], mas não no IKDC [p= 0,332]). Por outro lado, o Escore Subjetivo do Joelho do IKDC (p= 0,021) foi o único instrumento respondido por pacientes a demonstrar melhora pós-operatória significativa. Conclusão De modo geral, os instrumentos respondidos por médicos foram considerados inconsistentes em relação àqueles respondidos por pacientes. O modo de administração dos instrumentos pode ter influência significativa nos resultados, tanto para fins de pesquisa quanto para a prática clínica. A combinação de um instrumento respondido pelo médico com um instrumento respondido pelo paciente pode ser uma abordagem mais equilibrada para a avaliação e a quantificação das rupturas do menisco e do desfecho após a meniscectomia artroscópica.

Artroscopia de rodilla en pacientes mayores de 64 años con gonartrosis primaria / Knee Arthroscopy In Patients Over 64 Years Of Age With Primary Gonarthrosis

Introducción: La gonartrosis es una entidad frecuente, que afecta especialmente a personas mayores de 60 años de edad. Para su tratamiento se combinan modalidades conservadoras y quirúrgicas y dentro de esta última, las realizadas por la vía artroscópica. Objetivo: Evaluar los resultados de las técnicas quirúrgicas por vía artroscópica en pacientes con gonartrosis primaria mayores de 64 años de edad. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio pre experimental de diseño (preprueba-posprueba) en 40 pacientes mayores de 64 años tratados por vía artroscópica con el diagnóstico de gonartrosis primaria, en el Hospital Universitario Manuel Ascunce Domenech de la ciudad de Camagüey de octubre 2012 a mayo de 2019. La investigación tiene un nivel de evidencia IV y recomendación D. Resultados: El promedio de edad de los pacientes estudiados fue de 69,6 años con predominio del sexo femenino sobre el masculino, y una razón de 3:1. La afección tricompartimental predominó en la mayoría de los enfermos, así como el grado IV según la clasificación de Outerbridge. Predominaron las lesiones de cartílago y meniscos asociadas. Los tratamientos por vía artroscópica más empleados fueron el desbridamiento y la meniscectomía parcial. Se detectó significación estadística entre un antes y un después. Conclusiones: Los resultados de la investigación muestran que los procedimientos realizados a través de la vía artroscópica en pacientes mayores de 64 años de edad con gonartrosis primaria son efectivos en más de la mitad de los enfermos(AU)

Introduction: Gonarthrosis is a common entity that especially affects people over 60 years of age. For its treatment, conservative and surgical modalities are combined, and within the latter, those carried out by the arthroscopic route. Objective: To evaluate the results of arthroscopic surgical techniques in patients with primary gonarthrosis older than 64 years of age. Methods: A pre-experimental design study (pre-test-post-test) was carried out in 40 patients older than 64 years treated arthroscopically due to the diagnosis of primary gonarthrosis, at Manuel Ascunce Domenech University Hospital in Camagüey from October 2012 to May. of 2019. The research has a level of evidence IV and recommendation D. Results: The average age of the patients studied was 69.6 years, with a predominance of females, and a ratio of 3:1. Tricompartmental involvement prevailed in most of the patients, as well as grade IV according to the Outerbridge classification. Associated cartilage and meniscus injuries predominated. The most used arthroscopic treatments were debridement and partial meniscectomy. Statistical significance was detected between before and after. Conclusions: The results of the investigation show that the procedures carried out through the arthroscopic route in patients older than 64 years of age with primary gonarthrosis are effective in more than half of the patients(AU)

Trasplante meniscal con aloinjerto cadavérico en adolescente con meniscopatía por menisco discoideo / Meniscal allograft transplantation in adolescent with meniscectomy

La incidencia de lesiones meniscales en adolescentes ha aumentado debido a la creciente tendencia, en este grupo de edad, de realizar actividades deportivas, una mayor sospecha diagnóstica y mejora en los métodos para su detección. Estas lesiones suelen asociarse a otras patologías, como lesiones de ligamento cruzado anterior o la presencia de menisco discoideo, un factor de riesgo importante. El menisco discoideo fue descripto por primera vez por Young en 1889, es una variación congénita morfológica del menisco lateral o medial, caracterizado por una hipertrofia central y un diámetro mayor de lo normal. Puede ser asintomático o manifestarse con dolor, bloqueo, chasquidos e hinchazón. El tratamiento histórico era la meniscectomía completa, la que se asociaba a cambios degenerativos articulares tempranos, por lo que actualmente se preconiza la saucerización como tratamiento de elección; además, se describe el trasplante meniscal como procedimiento de salvataje, en caso de daño meniscal irreparable. Se presenta el caso de una paciente femenina de doce años sometida a este procedimiento con antecedentes de múltiples intervenciones quirúrgicas en la rodilla izquierda, incluida la meniscectomía parcial, sin resultado clínico favorable. Nivel de Evidencia: IV

The incidence of meniscal injuries in adolescents has increased due to the growing tendency to perform sports activities in this age group, greater diagnostic suspicion, and improvement in diagnostic methods. They are usually associated with other pathologies, such as anterior cruciate ligament injuries and an important risk factor is the presence of a discoid meniscus. The discoid meniscus, first described by Young in 1889, is a congenital morphological variation of the lateral or medial meniscus, characterized by central hypertrophy and a larger diameter than normal meniscus. It can be asymptomatic or manifest with pain, blockage, clicking and swelling. The historical treatment was complete meniscectomy, which was associated with early degenerative joint changes, nowadays saucerization is recommended as the treatment of choice. In addition, the meniscal transplant is described as a salvage procedure, in case of irreparable meniscal damage. We present the case of a twelve-year-old female patient who underwent this procedure with a history of multiple surgical interventions on the left knee, including partial meniscectomy, without a favorable clinical result. Level of Evidence: IV

Effects of intraarticular tramadol, magnesium and ketamine on postoperative pain in arthroscopic meniscectomy / Efeitos de tramadol, magnésio e cetamina por via intra-articular sobre a dor pós-operatória em meniscectomia artroscópica

Abstract Objective: Postoperative pain control is important in terms of early recovery and rehabilitation in arthroscopic meniscectomy. For this purpose, we aimed to compare the effects of intraarticular tramadol, magnesium, and ketamine with combinations of pericapsular bupivacaine on postoperative pain and recovery in arthroscopic meniscectomy. Methods: Ninety patients who underwent arthroscopic meniscectomy were enrolled in the study. Group T was given tramadol, Group K was given ketamine, and Group M was given magnesium reconstituted intraarticularly, and all groups received periarticular bupivacaine. Comparisons were made in terms of the patients' postoperative Visual Analogue Scale scores with and without movement, need for additional analgesics, first analgesic time, mobilization times, adverse effects, and satisfaction with the analgesics. Results: The Visual Analogue Scale scores were lowest in Group T at 0 minutes, and were higher in the 15th and 30th minutes and 1st, 2nd, and 6th hours. Visual Analogue Scale values with movement were found to be high in Group M at 0 and 15 minutes, but they were found to be higher in group T in the 30th minute, 1st, 2nd and 6th hour. The groups were similar in terms of postoperative additional analgesic use, number of analgesic use, and satisfaction with analgesics; however, the first analgesic time was earlier in Group M, and the first mobilization time was earlier in Group K. Conclusion: Intraarticular ketamine enables early mobilization and less need for additional analgesics, it also provides a better analgesic effect in comparison with intraarticular tramadol and magnesium.

Resumo Objetivo: O controle da dor pós-operatória é importante para recuperação e reabilitação precoces em meniscectomia artroscópica. Portanto, nosso objetivo foi comparar os efeitos de tramadol, magnésio e cetamina administrados por via intra-articular em associação com bupivacaína pericapsular sobre a dor e a recuperação após meniscectomia artroscópica. Métodos: Noventa pacientes submetidos à meniscectomia artroscópica foram incluídos no estudo. O Grupo T recebeu tramadol, o Grupo K recebeu cetamina e o Grupo M recebeu magnésio em doses reconstituídas por via intra-articular e todos os grupos receberam bupivacaína por via periarticular. As avaliações foram feitas mediante comparação dos escores em escala visual analógica no pós-operatório dos pacientes em movimento e em repouso, necessidade de analgésicos adicionais, tempo até a primeira necessidade de analgésico, tempo de mobilização, efeitos adversos e satisfação com os analgésicos. Resultados: Os escores da escala visual analógica foram menores no minuto zero e maiores nos minutos 15 e 30 e nas horas 1, 2 e 6 no Grupo T. Os escores da escala visual analógica em movimento foram maiores nos minutos zero e 15 no Grupo M e maiores no minuto 30 e nas horas 1, 2 e 6 no Grupo T. Os escores dos grupos foram semelhantes em relação à necessidade de analgésico adicional no pós-operatório, ao consumo de analgésico e à satisfação com os analgésicos, mas os tempos até a primeira necessidade de analgesia e até a primeira mobilização foram mais curtos nos grupos M e K, respectivamente. Conclusão: A administração intra-articular de cetamina permite mobilização precoce e diminui a necessidade de analgésicos adicionais, além de proporcionar um melhor efeito analgésico em comparação com tramadol e magnésio por via intra-articular.

Meniscectomía parcial artroscópica: resultados a más de un año de seguimiento en pacientes laborales vs. no laborales / Arthroscopic partial meniscectomy. Results to more than one year of follow-up in working compensation vs. non-working compensation patients

Introducción: El objetivo del trabajo es evaluar y comparar de manera retrospectiva los resultados de una serie de pacientes laborales y no laborales con lesiones meniscales, tratadas mediante meniscectomía parcial artroscópica. Material y métodos: Se evaluaron 60 pacientes tratados en nuestro centro, entre junio 2016 y mayo 2017, los cuales presentaban lesiones meniscales agudas que no respondieron a tratamiento conservador. Todas las lesiones fueron diagnosticadas con RM previa. Se trataba de 30 pacientes laborales y 30 no laborales, 53 de sexo masculino y 7 de sexo femenino. La edad fue entre 18 y 45 años. Treinta y seis meniscos internos y veinticuatro meniscos externos. El seguimiento promedio fue 18 meses. Se realizó score de Lysholm y EVA. Resultados: De los 30 pacientes no laborales 28 evolucionaron favorablemente, con mejoría en el score de Lysholm de 53 a 93 puntos y EVA de 7 a 1 puntos en promedio, con retorno a la actividad previo a la lesión. Dos de ellos continuaron con molestias leves, sin afectar sus rutinas diarias. En los pacientes laborales 14 evolucionaron favorablemente, con mejoría en el score de Lysholm de 48 a 74 puntos y EVA 7 a 2 puntos en promedio con retorno a su actividad laboral habitual. Dieciséis de ellos presentaban dolor moderado con retorno laboral parcial o requirieron cambio de tareas. Conclusión: Los resultados de la meniscectomía parcial en pacientes no laborales fueron excelentes a buenos, con retorno a sus actividades cotidianas en un 96%. En cuanto a los pacientes laborales se obtuvieron resultados regulares, con retorno a su actividad laboral habitual en un 53%. Tipo de estudio: Serie de casos. Nivel de evidencia: IV

Introduction: The aim of the study is to evaluate and compare retrospectively the results of arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for meniscus tears in working compensation vs. non-working compensation patients Material and methods: Sixty patients treated in our institution between June 2016 and May 2017 with the diagnosis of acute meniscus tears that did not respond to conservative treatment were evaluated. All lesions were diagnosed with previous MRI. There were 30 patients under working compensation insurance and 30 under another insurance system (53 men, and 7 women). The age ranged between 18 and 45 years. Thirty-six tears were located in the internal menisci and twenty-four in the external menisci. The average follow-up was 18 months. Lysholm and EVA scores were obtained. Results: Of the 30 non-working compensation patients, 28 evolved favorably with an improvement in the Lysholm score of 53 to 93 points and EVA of 7 to 1 points on average and returned to activity prior to the injury. Two of them continued with mild discomfort, without affecting their daily routines. In working compensation, patients 14 evolved favorably, with improvement in the Lysholm score of 48 to 74 points and EVA 7 to 2 points on average and return to their usual work activity. Sixteen of them presented moderate pain with partial job return or required change of tasks. Conclusion: The results of partial meniscectomy in non-work-related patients were excellent to good, with 96% return to daily activities. Regarding work-related patients, regular results were obtained, with a return to their usual work activity of only 53%. Type of study: Case series. Level of evidence: IV

Análise dos fatores que podem influenciar na recuperação das amplitudes articulares após 45 dias da reconstrução artroscópica do ligamento cruzado anterior / Analysis of the factors that could influence the recovery of articular amplitude after 45 days of arthroscopic reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament / Análisis de los factores que pueden influenciar en la recuperación de las amplitudes articulares después de 45 dias de la reconstrucción artroscópica del ligamiento cruzado anterior

Introdução: A recuperação das amplitudes articulares do joelho, após a reconstrução intra-articular artroscópica do LCA, deve englobar a liberdade total de movimentos, permitindo um funcionamento articular livre e sem dor. Dentro de uma sociedade em que as demandas profissionais impõem o retorno precoce do paciente a suas atividades habituais, uma recuperação articular num curto período de tempo é imperativa. Objetivo Avaliar se existe um perfil ideal de paciente, em termos de recuperação ótima das amplitudes articulares do joelho, após a reconstrução do ligamento cruzado anterior, no período de 45 dias de pós-operatório. Método Foram analisados 99 pacientes submetidos à reconstrução artroscópica do LCA. Ao fim de cada semana, durante um período de 45 dias, o mesmo observador avaliou o ganho de flexão e a presença residual de um flexo. Foram então comparados tais resultados com: o número de sessões de fisioterapia pré-operatória, a presença de um déficit de extensão e flexão pré-operatória, o intervalo entre cirurgia e acidente, o nível de prática esportiva, a técnica cirúrgica e o enxerto utilizado, um eventual gesto meniscal, sexo e idade. Resultados Na série global, um total de 93 por cento dos pacientes atingiu uma flexão de 120o e 91por cento tinham uma extensão passiva completa ao 45o DPO. O déficit de extensão pré-operatório foi o principal fator limitante à recuperação da extensão total passiva p igual 0,007. A reconstrução do duplo feixe, assim como a cirurgia realizada em um curto intervalo do trauma e em esportistas, apresentou uma dificuldade na recuperação total da extensão passiva, porém não estatisticamente significante. Não houve diferença quanto à recuperação da flexão quando avaliados os diferentes grupos. Conclusão Se a extensão pré-operatório é completa, não existe um perfil ideal de paciente que irá recuperar as amplitudes articulares do joelho durante os primeiros 45 dias pós-reconstrução artroscópica do LCA.

Introduction: The recovery of motion range of the knee after arthroscopic intra-articular reconstruction of the ACL, must encompass the full range of motion, allowing free and painless joint function. In a society where professional demands require the early return of patients to their usual activities, joint recovery in a short period of time is imperative. Objective To evaluate whether there is an ideal patient profile in terms of optimal recovery of range of motion of the knee after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in the period of 45 days postoperatively. Method We analyzed 99 patients undergoing arthroscopic ACL reconstruction. At the end of each week, during a period of 45 days, the same observer evaluated the gain in flexion and the residual presence of a flexion. We then compared these results with: the number of physiotherapy sessions preoperatively, the presence of an extension and preoperative flexion deficit, the interval between surgery and accident, the level of sports practice, the surgical technique and graft used, a possible meniscal gesture, gender and age. Results In the overall series, a total of 93 per cent of patients achieved a 120o flexion and 91per cent had a full passive extension to the 45th POD. The extension deficit preoperatively was the main factor limiting the recovery of the total passive extension p equals 0.007. Double-bundle reconstruction, as well as surgery performed in a short period of trauma and in sports people, showed a difficulty in recovering the total passive extension, but not statistically significant. There was no difference in the recovery of flexion when the different groups were evaluated. Conclusion If the pre-operative extension is complete, there is no ideal patient profile who will recover the articulation amplitudes of the knee joint during the first 45 days after arthroscopic ACL reconstruction.

articular artroscópica del LCA, debe englobar la libertad total de movimientos, permitiendo un funcionamiento articular libre y sin dolor. Dentro de una sociedad en que las demandas profesionales imponen el retorno precoz del paciente a sus actividades habituales, una recuperación articular en un corto período de tiempo es imperativa. Objetivo Evaluar si existe un perfil ideal de paciente, en términos de recuperación óptima de las amplitudes articulares de la rodilla, después de la reconstrucción del ligamiento cruzado anterior, en el período de 45 dias de post-operatório. Método Fueron analizados 99 pacientes sometidos a la reconstrucción artroscópica del LCA. Al final de cada semana, durante un período de 45 dias, el mismo observador evaluó la obtención de flexión y la presencia residual de un flexo. Tales resultados fueron comparados con: el número de sesiones de fisioterapia pre-operatória, la presencia de un déficit de extensión y flexión pre-operatória, el intervalo entre cirugía y accidente, el nivel de práctica deportiva, la técnica quirúrgica y el enjerto utilizado, un eventual gesto meniscal, sexo y edad. Resultados En la serie global, un total de 93 por ciento de los pacientes alcanzó una flexión de 120o y 91 por ciento tenían una extensión pasiva completa a 45o DPO. El déficit de extensión pre-operatório fue el principal factor limitante a La recuperación de la extensión total pasiva p igual 0,007. La reconstrucción del doble haz, así como la cirugía realizada en un corto intervalo del trauma y en deportistas, presentó una dificultad en la recuperación total de la extensión pasiva, pero, no estadísticamente significante. No hubo diferencia cuanto a la recuperación de la flexión cuando fueron evaluados los diferentes grupos. Conclusión Si la extensión pre-operatória es completa, no existe un perfil ideal de paciente que irá a recuperar las amplitudes articulares de la rodilla durante los primeros 45 dias post-reconstrucción artroscópica del LCA.