Neumonía por Rothia mucilaginosa en un paciente inmunocomprometido posterior a un trasplante renal / Rothia mucilaginosa pneumonia in an immunocompromised patient after kidney transplant

Resumen Rothia mucilaginosa es una bacteria propia de la microbiota del tracto respiratorio superior, que se asocia en forma infrecuente a infecciones en pacientes inmunocomprometidos y con enfermedades pulmonares crónicas, principalmente neumonía y bacteriemia. Su tratamiento generalmente, se basa en el uso de antibacterianos β lactámicos. Se describe el caso de un paciente sometido a un trasplante renal con uso de fármacos inmunosupresores, que cursó con una infección diseminada por Cryptococcus neoformans. Tras el inicio de la terapia antifúngica, presentó un cuadro febril, con aparición de nuevos infiltrados radiológicos e insuficiencia respiratoria aguda, demostrándose en el estudio con lavado broncoalveolar, un cultivo positivo para R. mucilaginosa, descartándose otras etiologías. Evolucionó en forma favorable tras el uso de meropenem, con buena respuesta clínica y resolución de los infiltrados radiológicos.

Abstract Rothia mucilaginosa is a bacterium derived from the upper respiratory tract microbiota, which is rarely associated with infections in immunocompromised patients suffering chronic lung diseases, mainly pneumonia and bacteremia. Its treatment is generally based on the use of β-lactams. The case study of a kidney transplant patient using immunosuppressive drugs, who developed a disseminated Cryptococcus neoformans infection, is described. After starting antifungal therapy, he presented with fever, appearance of new radiological infiltrates and acute respiratory failure, demonstrating a positive culture for R. mucilaginosa in a study with bronchoalveolar lavage, ruling out other etiologies. He evolved favorably after the use of meropenem, with good clinical response and resolution of radiological infiltrates.

Stress response and virulence factors in bacterial pathogens relevant for Chilean aquaculture: current status and outlook of our knowledge

The study of the stress responses in bacteria has given us a wealth of information regarding the mechanisms employed by these bacteria in aggressive or even non-optimal living conditions. This information has been applied by several researchers to identify molecular targets related to pathogeny, virulence, and survival, among others, and to design new prophylactic or therapeutic strategies against them. In this study, our knowledge of these mechanisms has been summarized with emphasis on some aquatic pathogenic bacteria of relevance to the health and productive aspects of Chilean salmon farming (Piscirickettsia salmonis, Tenacibaculum spp., Renibacterium salmoninarum, and Yersinia ruckeri). This study will aid further investigations aimed at shedding more light on possible lines of action for these pathogens in the coming years.

Endocarditis bacteriana por Kocuria kristinae en un paciente inmunocompetente. Reporte de caso / Bacterial endocarditis by Kocuria kristinae in an immunocompetent patient. Case report

Los miembros del género Kocuria corresponden a cocos Gram positivos ubicuos, generalmente inocuos y que hacen parte de la flora saprófita de un porcentaje importante de la población; ocasionalmente han sido descritos como los agentes responsables de patologías infecciosas, principalmente dentro del contexto de pacientes que concomitantemente cursan con enfermedades crónicas y estados de inmunosupresión. Son escasos los casos reportados como causa de endocarditis en pacientes inmunocompetentes a nivel global por especies de este género. Se expone el caso de una mujer inmunocompetente de 44 años, sin antecedentes de importancia, en quien solo el diagnóstico microbiológico permitió confirmar la presencia de Kocuria kristinae como agente causal de su endocarditis infecciosa; la literatura señala la dificultad existente al momento de diferenciar la endocarditis producida por Staphylococcus spp. versus Kocuria kristinae por su evolución clínica similar, indicando la importancia de la microbiología al momento de identificar y diagnosticar apropiadamente.

Members of the genus Kocuria correspond to ubiquitous, generally harmless, Gram-positive cocci that are part of the saprophytic flora of a significant percentage of the population; occasionally they have been described as the agents responsible for infectious pathologies, mainly in the context of patients who concomitantly have chronic diseases and are under an immunosuppression state. There are few cases reported as a cause of endocarditis in immunocompetent patients globally by species of this genus. We present the case of a 44-year-old immunocompetent woman, with no relevant history, in whom only the microbiological diagnosis confirmed the presence of Kocuria kristinae as the causative agent of her infectious endocarditis; Literature points out the difficulty existing when differentiating endocarditis produced by Staphylococcus spp. versus Kocuria kristinae because of their similar clinical evolution, indicating the importance of microbiology when identifying and diagnosing accurately.

Endocarditis por Rothia aeria / Rothia aeria endocarditis. case report

Resumen Paciente de sexo femenino de 65 años, con antecedentes de hipertensión arterial crónica, resistencia a la insulina, histerectomía total y fractura tibioperonea antigua, es hospitalizada por cuadro febril, sin foco, de 2 meses de evolución, con sospecha de endocarditis por parámetros inflamatorios elevados y soplo diastólico en foco aórtico 2/6. Se estudia con ecocardiograma, transtorácico (ETT) y transesofágico (ETE), que muestra vegetación en velo aórtico coronario izquierdo de 9 mm por 7 mm e insuficiencia aórtica leve, motivo por el cual se toma hemocultivo resultando positivo para Rothia aeria. La paciente evoluciona con embolia de riñón derecho y bazo, y posteriormente, con hemorragia subaracnoidea. Inicia tratamiento antibiótico con ampicilina, vancomicina y gentamicina, con lo cual presenta una evolución satisfactoria y es dada de alta luego de 28 días de hospitalización. Al revisar la literatura, se puede llegar a la conclusión de que la endocarditis por Rothia es extremadamente infrecuente y que, en cuanto al cuadro clínico, tiene tendencia a una forma de presentación subaguda, con presencia de vegetaciones grandes mayores a 10mm y un alto grado de complicaciones neurológicas.

Abstract A 65-year-old female patient, with a history of chronic hypertension, insulin resistance, total histerectomy, and tibioperoneal fracture, is hospitalized for fever of unknown etiology. Basterial endocarditis was suspected due to elevated inflammatory parameters and a 2/6 diastolic murmur present in the aortic focus. Transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography, showed a 9 mm by 7 mm vegetation in the left coronary aortic leaflet of and mild aortic insufficiency, Blood cultures were positive for Rothia aeria. She developed embolism of the right kidney and spleen, and subsequently, a subarachnoid hemorrhage. Antibiotic therapy was initiated with ampicillin, vancomycin and gentamicin, with a satisfactory evolution being discharged after 28 days of hospitalization. When reviewing the literature, it can be concluded that Rothia endocarditis is extremely rare and that, tends to have a subacute presentation with large vegetations, larger than 10 mm, and a high incidence of neurological complications.

Bacteriemia causada por Rothia mucilaginosa después de neumonía en un paciente con trasplante de células progenitoras hematopoyéticas / Bacteremia caused by Rothia mucilaginosa after pneumonia, in a patient with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

La Rothia mucilaginosa forma parte de la flora normal y no suele causar una enfermedad invasiva. Los pacientes inmunodeprimidos tienen mayor riesgo de infección grave. En este artículo, presentamos el caso de un paciente con neuroblastoma recidivante hospitalizado por neumonía. Después de la mejoría clínica, los síntomas respiratorios del paciente empeoraron de nuevo. En el hemocultivo, se aisló la bacteria Rothia mucilaginosa. El empeoramiento de los síntomas respiratorios puede explicarse por la diseminación hematopoyética de la bacteria. Se le administró tratamiento con meropenem y vancomicina durante 14 días, cuyos resultados fueron satisfactorios. Se sabe que esta bacteria poco frecuente tiene una alta tasa de mortalidad si no se trata de forma adecuada, y debe considerarse especialmente en los pacientes inmunodeprimidos con neoplasias malignas.

Rothia muciloginosa is a member of normal flora and rarely causes invasive disease. Immunosupressed patients have increased risk for severe infection. Here, we report a male patient with relapsed neuroblastoma hospitalized for pneumonia. After clinical improvement, patient's respiratory symptoms worsened again. Rothia muciloginosa was isolated from blood culture. The worsening of respiratory symptoms can be explained by hematogenous spread of bacteria. He was successfully treated with meropenem and vancomycin for 14 days. This rarely seen bacterium is known to have high mortality rates unless treated appropriately and should be considered especially in patients with malignancy due to their immunsupressed situation.

Microorganisms in Vacuum Stored Flower Bee Pollen

Contamination with sanitary microorganisms from Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonadaceae, Staphylococcaceae, Micrococcaceae and Bacillaceae families in flower bee pollen from Bulgaria after one-year vacuum-packed cold storage has been found. Dried flower bee pollens intended for human consumption were with high incidence rate of contamination with Pantoea sp. (P. agglomerans and P. agglomerans bgp6) (100%), Citrobacter freundii (47%), Proteus mirabilis (31.6%), Serratia odorifera (15.8%) and Proteus vulgaris (5.3%). Bee pollens were also positive for the culture of microorganisms from Staphylococcaceae, Micrococcaceae and Bacillaceae families: Staphylococcus hominis subsp hominis, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Arthrobacter globiformis, Bacillus pumilis, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. It was concluded that, if consumed directly, the vacuum-packed cold stored dried bee pollen, harvested according hygienic requirements from bee hives in industrial pollution-free areas without intensive crop production, is not problem for healthy human.

Rothia aeria Infective Endocarditis: a First Case in Korea and Literature Review

No abstract available.

Rothia mucilaginosa Pneumonia Diagnosed by Quantitative Cultures and Intracellular Organisms of Bronchoalveolar Lavage in a Lymphoma Patient

Rothia mucilaginosa is a gram-positive coccus of the family Micrococcaceae. R. mucilaginosa is considered a part of the normal flora of the human oropharynx and upper respiratory tract and lower respiratory tract infections attributable to R. mucilaginosa are not frequent. We present a case of pneumonia, in which the R. mucilaginosa infection was diagnosed by quantitative cultures of a bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) specimen. A 46-yr-old woman with B lymphoblastic lymphoma was admitted to the hospital for scheduled chemotherapy. Her chest computed tomography (CT) scan revealed bilateral multifocal nodular and patchy consolidation in both lungs. Investigation of the BAL specimen revealed that 7% of leukocytes had intracellular gram-positive cocci. The quantitative cultures of the BAL specimen grew mucoid, non-hemolytic, and grayish convex colonies on blood agar at a count of approximately 200,000 colony-forming units/mL. The colonies were identified as R. mucilaginosa. The patient was empirically treated with levofloxacin for 7 days, after which findings on the chest radiograph and CT scan improved. She was discharged with improvement on hospital day 46. To our knowledge, this is the first report of R. mucilaginosa pneumonia diagnosed in Korea. Quantitative culture of BAL specimen and examination of intracellular organisms are crucial for assessing the clinical significance of R. mucilaginosa recovered from the lower respiratory tract.

Bacteriemia por Kocuria rosea en un paciente con SIDA / Bacteremia by Kocuria rosea in an AIDS patient

Kocuria rosea is an uncommon pathogen may cause opportunistic infections in immunocompromised patient. We report a HIV patient, who presented bacteremia caused by Kocuria rosea. He was successfully treated with vancomycin and by catheter removal.

Chemotactic responses to gas oil of Halomonas spp. strains isolated from saline environments in Argentina / Respuesta quimiotáctica hacia gas oil de cepas de Halomonas spp. aisladas de ambientes salinos de Argentina

In this study, two halophilic bacterial strains isolated from saline habitats in Argentina grew in the presence of gas oil. They were identified as Halomonas spp. and Nesterenkonia sp. by 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing. Chemotaxis towards gas oil was observed in Halomonas spp. by using swimming assays.

En el presente trabajo se aislaron dos cepas bacterianas halofílicas a partir de muestras obtenidas en ambientes salinos de Argentina, que crecieron en presencia de gasoil como única fuente de carbono. Las cepas aisladas se identificaron como Halomonas spp. y Nesterenkonia sp. mediante secuenciación del gen del ARN ribosomal 16S. En ensayos de swimming, las cepas del genero Halomonas spp. mostraron una respuesta quimiotáctica hacia el gas oil.

Perfil higiênico-sanitário dos telefones públicos em São Luís, MA / Profile hygienic of payphones in Sao Luis, MA

A evolução na área das telecomunicações trouxe mudanças radicais à sociedade moderna, possibilitando aos seres humanos a expansão de suas fronteiras e, como conseqüência, a integração das pessoas em locais geográficos distantes. Conseqüentemente, o uso dos aparelhos de telefone públicos ( os orelhões), tornou-se cada vez mais freqüente, proporcionando sua contaminação. Foi utilizada a técnica Spread-Plate, para inoculação das amostras e na pesquisa das espécies a metodologia da American Public Health Association (APHA, 1992). Os resultados mostraram que 100 por cento das amostras apresentaram contaminação por Staphylococcus sp e 5,55 por cento por Escherichia coli, dentre outras espécies das famílias Enterobecteriaceae e Micrococcaceae.

Calidad bacteriológica del agua de una clínica odontológica rural de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas / Bacteriological quality of water in a rural dental clinic of the School of Dentistry, Autonomous University of Zacatecas

El propósito del estudio fue determinar la calidad bacteriológica del agua que se utiliza en una clínica odontológica rural de la Facultad de Odontología de la UAZ, para que en base a los resultados, proponer medidas adecuadas de asepsia para consultorios y clínicas odontológicas en similares condiciones higiénicas. El estudio se efectuó en trabajo de campo, toma, conservación y transporte de muestras y procesamiento bacteriológico. Durante el trabajo de campo se encontraron anomalías higiénicas diversas. Analizadas las muestras, se encontró en la mayoría un número de UFC/mL por encima de lo permitido; de manera semejante, se encontró el NMP de bacterias coliformes/100 mL, corroborando lo anterior en la mayoría de éstas con pruebas confirmativas a coliformes totales y fecales, lo cual indica contaminación fecal. Las especies bacterianas que se identificaron pertenecen principalmente a las familias Enterobacteriaceae, Micrococaceae y Pseudomonadaceae. Los resultados muestran que, conforme fluye el agua hasta su expulsión, ésta se van contaminando. Se concluye que mientras no se tomen medidas adecuadas de control de contaminación de estas fuentes, existirá riesgo de contraer infecciones microbianas

role of distribution of malasezia furfur serovars, propionibacteria and micrococcaceae in the pathogenesis of tinea versicolor and seborrhoeic dermatitis

This study was designed to compare the distribution of M. Furfur serovars [A, B and C], Propionibacteria and Micrococcaceae on the chest, face, back and scalp of 40 patients with tinea versicolor [TV] and ten matched controls and 40 patients with seborrhoeic dermatitis [SD] and ten matched controls. The patients and controls were sampled from the mentioned sites and cultured aerobically for Micrococcaceae and M. furfur and anaerobically for Propionibacteria. Serotyping of M. Furfur was carried out to identify the three serovars A, B and C. There was no difference in either the Micrococcaceae or Propionibacteria results in patients groups compared with control skin. Regarding the results of M. furfur, serovar A predominated in the back lesions in both patients groups when compared with the control. Serovar A was also predominant in the face lesions but only in seborrhoeic dermatitis patients, serovar C predominated in all sites [in both patient groups] and serovar B predominated in all lesions of TV patients and in the back, face and neck in SD patients

Normal Flora of the Skin in Korean Peoples / 대한피부과학회지

Skin floras were taken from forehead, sternal area, lower margin of axillae, and interscapular space of 50 healthy Koreans(M 30, F 20) between 18 year and 40 years old using Williamson and Kligman's method and modified Pilsburg and .Nichols method. After incubating these floras for 3-5 days aerobically and anaerobically, we identified them using various stains and biochemical tests. The most common flora was Corynebucterium acne(84%), followed by aerobic diphtheroids(14%), coagulase negative staphylococcus, Micrococcus in orders. Although transient floras including Staphylococcus aareas, Pseudomonas, Listeria monocytogenes, and other Gram negative bacilli were isolated, they were rare and did mainly from axilla. The most common resident site of Corynebacteirium acne was forehead (l. 67 x 10/cm), but in aerobic diphtheroids and Micrococcaceae was the lower margin of axilla(2.70x16/cm, 2.34x10/cm), in which aerobic floras were more than anaerobics. The incidence rate of lipophilic diphtheroid was 27%, however it was 35% in axilla. The aerobic diphtheroid capable of nitrate reduction was 26%, which was very common in forehead. Among Propionibacterium species, Propionibacterim(P) acne was isolated 100% from all sites, but P. grandulosum was only in 2-7% and P. avidum was not.