Minerais séricos, características morfométricas ósseas e deposição de minerais ósseos de frangos de corte alimentados com dieta com inclusão de bentonita / Serum minerals, bone morphometric characteristics and deposition of bone minerals from broilers fed diet containing bentonite

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a concentração sérica de cálcio, cloretos, ferro, fósforo e magnésio, as características morfométricas ósseas e a deposição de cálcio e fósforo nas tíbias de frangos de corte recebendo dieta com zero, 0,25 ou 0,50% de bentonita. Um ensaio foi conduzido com 288 frangos de corte de 14 a 21 dias de idade, submetidos a três dietas experimentais: sem inclusão (0,0); com inclusão de 0,25 e com inclusão de 0,50% do adsorvente bentonita. Não foram observadas diferenças (P>0,05) no desempenho das aves, nos níveis séricos de cálcio, cloretos, ferro e magnésio, no entanto os níveis de fósforo foram reduzidos (P<0,05) nas aves que ingeriram dieta com 0,50% de bentonita. Em relação às tíbias, observou-se redução (P<0,05) na matéria mineral (g e %) e no teor de cálcio com a inclusão de 0,50% de bentonita. Houve redução (P<0,05) nos níveis de fósforo das tíbias com a inclusão de 0,25 e 0,50% de bentonita. Conclui-se que a inclusão de até 0,50% do adsorvente de micotoxinas bentonita na dieta de frangos de corte não altera o desempenho zootécnico das aves. A inclusão de 0,25% de bentonita, na dieta de frangos de corte, não altera a concentração dos minerais séricos e a deposição de minerais nas tíbias, entretanto a inclusão de 0,5% reduz os níveis séricos de fósforo, o teor de matéria mineral e a concentração de cálcio e fósforo ósseos, sem afetar as características morfométricas ósseas.(AU)

The aim of this study was to evaluate performance, serum concentration of calcium, chloride, iron, magnesium, phosphorus, and bone characteristics, ash, calcium, and phosphorus in tibias of broilers receiving diet with zero, 0.25 or 0.50% of bentonite. No differences were found on performance of poultry, on serum mineral calcium, chloride, iron, magnesium, however phosphorus levels of broilers fed on diets containing 0.5% bentonite was reduced. With respect to tibia, reduction was observed on mineral matter (g and %) and calcium levels with inclusion of 0.50% bentonite, and reduction on phosphorus levels with inclusion of 0.25 or 0.50% of bentonite on diet. We conclude that the inclusion of up to 0.50% of mycotoxin adsorbent bentonite in diet of broiler does not change broiler performance. The inclusion of 0.25% of bentonite in diet of broiler does not change serum mineral concentration and mineral deposition; however, the inclusion of 0.5% decrease serum levels of phosphorus, the content of bone mineral matter, with not effects on bone morphometric characteristics.(AU)

Nutritional profile of asymptomatic alcoholic patients / Perfil nutricional de pacientes alcoólatras assintomáticos

CONTEXT: Alcoholism may interfere with nutritional status, but reports are often troubled by uncertainties about ingested diet and organ function, as well as by ongoing abuse and associated conditions. OBJECTIVE: To identify nutritional and body compartment changes in stable alcoholics without confounding clinical and dietetic variables, a prospective observational pilot study was designed. Three well-matched populations were considered: subjects with chronic alcoholic pancreatitis, alcoholics without visceral disease, and healthy never-drinking adults (controls). METHODS: Subjects (n = 60) were asymptomatic males with adequate diet, no superimposed disease or complication, and alcohol-free for at least 6 months. After exclusions, 48 patients were compared. Variables encompassed dietary recall, bioimpedance analysis, biochemical profile and inflammatory markers. Main outcome measures were body fat, lean body mass, serum lipids, C-reactive protein, and selected minerals and vitamins. RESULTS: Both alcoholic populations suffered from reduced lean body mass (P = 0.001), with well-maintained body fat.Magnesium was depleted, and values of vitamin D and B12 correlated with alcohol abuse. LDL and total cholesterol was increased in alcoholics without pancreatitis (P = 0.04), but not in those with visceral damage. C-reactive protein and serum amyloid A correlated with duration of excessive drinking (P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Undernutrition (diminished lean body mass, risk of magnesium and vitamin deficiencies) contrasted with dyslipidemia and increased cardiovascular risk. This second danger was masked during chronic pancreatitis but not in alcoholics without visceral disease. Further studies should focus special requirements of this population.

CONTEXTO: O alcoolismo pode interferir no estado nutricional, todavia, os relatos frequentemente sofrem com o viés das incertezas sobre dieta consumida, danos orgânicos subjacentes e persistência do abuso. OBJETIVO: Para identificar alterações nutricionais e de compartimentos corpóreos em alcoólatras estáveis sem variáveis de confusão clínica e dietética, foi desenhado o presente estudo piloto observacional prospectivo. Três populações bem pareadas foram consideradas: casos de pancreatite crônica alcoólica, alcoólatras sem enfermidade visceral e adultos que nunca consumiram etanol (controles). MÉTODOS: Os pacientes (n = 60) eram homens assintomáticos com dieta satisfatória, nenhuma evidência de enfermidade ou complicação exceto as do protocolo e afastados do etanol por no mínimo 6 meses. Após exclusões, 48 pacientes foram comparados. As variáveis abrangeram recordatório alimentar, análise de bioimpedância, perfil bioquímico e marcadores inflamatórios. Os principais resultados buscados foram gordura corporal, massa magra, lípides séricos, proteína C reativa e vitaminas e minerais selecionados. RESULTADOS: Os dois grupos que ingeriam álcool exibiram redução da massa magra (P = 0,001) com gordura corporal bem conservada. O magnésio estava diminuído e as taxas de vitamina D e B12 se correlacionaram com o abuso de álcool. O colesterol total e LDL estavam aumentados nos alcoólatras sem pancreatite (P = 0,04), porém, não naqueles com dano pancreático. A proteína C reativa e o seroamilóide A correlacionaram-se com a duração do excesso etílico (P = 0,01). CONCLUSÕES: A desnutrição (menor massa magra, possibilidade de carência de magnésio e vitaminas) contrastou com a dislipidemia e o risco cardiovascular elevado. Este segundo perigo permaneceu mascarado na vigência de pancreatite crônica, porém, não nos alcoólatras sem lesão visceral. Estudos adicionais deverão focalizar as necessidades nutricionais específicas desta população.

Study of some minerals, trace elements and antioxidants in refractory childhood epilepsy

The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of some minerals, trace elements and anti-oxidants in children with intractable epilepsy compared to healthy children. In a case control study, 45 epileptic patients [24 male and 21 female] with age range between 3 to 14.5 years presented to Assiut pediatric university hospital, suffering from various types of refractory epileptic seizures compared with 20 healthy sex- and age-matched children served as controls. Serum Se, Zn, Cu, Mg, Glutathione peroxidase [GSH-PX] and Superoxide dismutase [SOD] were measured. The mean age of the patients +/- SD was 8.4 +/- 3.1y. The serum levels of Zn, Mg and Se are significant lower in patients in comparison with control, p value < 0.001 for each, with no significant difference between both groups in serum Cu. Glutathione peroxidase [GSH-PX] was significantly lower in patients in comparison with control group [p value < 0.001] with no significant difference between both groups in SOD. Some minerals [Mg], trace elements [Zn, Se] and antioxidants [GSHúPX] may play an important role in the pathogenesis of intractable epilepsy

Serum micronutrient and micromineral concentrations and ratios in healthy Omani subjects

This study aimed to establish reference ranges of serum concentrations of copper, zinc, retinol, alpha-tocopherol, copper: caeruloplasmin and copper: zinc ratios in a group of healthy Omani men and women. Assay techniques employed were atomic absorption spectrophotometry [copper and zinc], reverse-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography with isocratic elution [retinol and alpha-tocopherol], immunonephelometry [caeruloplasmin] and spectrophotometry [albumin and cholesterol]. The mean +/- SD [microM] obtained for copper, zinc, retinol, and alpha-tocopherol were 15.9 +/- 3.0, 14.2 +/- 2.0, 1.45 +/- 0.39 and 16.9 +/- 4.4, respectively. The mean +/- SD for copper: zinc and copper: caeruloplasmin ratios were 1.15 +/- 0.30 micromol/mmol and 6.99 +/- 0.84 micromol/g, respectively. Significantly higher [p < 0.0001] copper and caeruloplasmin concentrations, copper: zinc and copper: caeruloplasmin ratios and lower zinc, retinol, alpha-tocopherol, cholesterol concentrations and alpha-tocopherol: cholesterol ratio were present in women compared to men. Age appeared to be associated with copper and retinol concentrations, and copper: caeruloplasmin ratios in women; in men, the association was mostly moderate with caeruloplasmin, alpha-tocopherol, cholesterol concentrations and alpha-tocopherol: cholesterol ratios. Smokers had decreased albumin [p = 0.002], zinc [p = 0.023] concentrations, and copper: caeruloplasmin ratios [p = 0.002], increased alpha-tocopherol concentrations [p = 0.016] and alpha-tocopherol: cholesterol ratios [p = 0.021] compared with non-smokers. Deficiency incidence was

Effect of environment and nutrition on minerals, heavy metals and trace elements on Sinai breeding camel. Trace elements [zinc and copper] profile

The present work was preformed to special part of our country, the land which observed four wars in the last century and many trips, journeys from friends and enemies, Sinai, with special reference to animal especially tread as desert boat, the camel. Our data demonstrated that the Camel Dromedary [Camelus dromedaries] in Sinai area, the zinc level in serum was [33.79 +/- 0.17 micro g/dl]; liver [112.57 +/- 0.008 micro g/gm DM], muscle [112.42 +/- 0.04 micro g/gm DM], kidney [103.77 +/- 0.01 micro g/gm DM], heart [54.66 +/- 0.007 micro g/gm DM], spleen [54.66 +/- 0.007 micro g/gm DM], ovary [36.15 +/- 0.05 micro g/gm DM] and testis [15.27 +/- 0.008 micro g/gm DM]. While serum copper concentrations was 54.66 +/- 0.21 micro g/dl; kidney [124.65 +/- 0.017 micro g/gm DM], liver [115.30 +/- 0.24 micro g/gm DM], muscle [111.25+0.45 micro g/gm DM], spleen [55.94 +/- 0.018 micro g/gm DM], heart [48.49 +/- 0.025 micro g/gm DM], ovary [40.80 +/- 0.017 micro g/gm DM] and testis [28.46 +/- 0.016]. The present data revealed that the higher concentrations of both serum zinc and copper levels are present in sera of camels in south Sinai than north Sinai and in the female she-camel than male camel with age related references to over 5 years. The serum zinc level was highest values, in south Sinai especially in female over 5 years [41.87 +/- 0.05 micro g/dl] but lower in female and male age [2-4 years] and males over 5 years in the same area [34.65 +/- 0.22 micro g/dl]. The serum copper concentrations in south Sinai female over 5 years were 57.12 +/- 0.34 micro g/dl compared with female [2-4 years] [53.93 +/- 0.16 micro g/dl]. There was influence of the breeding season on the serum zinc and copper levels in either male or female, the serum zinc concentrations increased during breeding season especially in female in the south Sinai [32.25 +/- 0.18 micro g/dl]. Serum copper level showed high significant increase in its level in female in south Sinai [60.3011.08 micro g/dl] than in north Sinai [56.50 +/- 0.11 micro g/dl]. Zinc concentrations in kidney of she camel were [187.05 +/- 0.013 micro g/gm DM], heart [79.18 +/- 0.005 micro g/gm DM], spleen [58.59 +/- 0.02 micro g/gm DM] and ovary [36.15 +/- 0.05 micro g/gm DM]. Similarly, copper concentrations were higher in kidney [211.05 +/- 0.022 micro g/gm DM], followed by heart [89.35 +/- 0.016 micro g/gm DM], spleen [66.19 +/- 0.018 micro g/gm DM] and ovary [40.80 +/- 0.05 micro g/gm DM] than male in the she-camel. The data indicated that the camel breeds in south Sinai contain higher concentrations of zinc and copper levels than camels in north Sinai and there were significant differences between camels due to age and/or sex and/or breeding season and/or geographical variations

Effects of different levels of coconut fiber on blood glucose, serum insulin and minerals in rats.

The effect of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) from coconut kernel (Cocos nucifera L) in rats fed 5%, 15% and 30% level on the concentration of blood glucose, serum insulin and excretion of minerals was studied. Increase in the intake of fiber resulted in significant decrease in the level of blood glucose and serum insulin. Faecal excretion of Cu, Cr, Mn, Mg, Zn and Ca was found to increase in rats fed different levels of coconut fiber when compared to fiber free group. The result of the present investigation suggest that inclusion of coconut fiber in the diet results in significant hypoglycemic action.

La bioquímica en los estudios de nutrición / Biochemical parameters and nutritional status

Los parámetros bioquímicos reúnen ventajas comparativas respecto a las observaciones clínicas, antropométricas y encuestas alimentarias ya que, debido a su característica de responder a alguna alteración medible y directamente relacionada al estado nutricional, se comportan como indicadores funcionales. Si una serie de indicadores funcionales se combinan en forma adecuada, constituyen una verdadera radiografía metabólica del momento en que se realiza el estudio y proporcionan perfiles nutricionales que permiten identificar a los individuos en situación de riesgo. Se detallan parámetros que permiten detectar tempranamente deficiencias globales o específicas, a fin de poder establecer una terapia racional basada en un diagnóstico certero

Calf-mother interrelationship: effect of calf contact on blood parameters

Ten buffalo-cows of a milking buffalo hred were used in this study to investigate the effect of calf contact on dam status [Blood profle mineral profile and total plasma proteins] the experimental animals were divided into two groups: a] Suckling group in which calves were kept with their dams and suckled milk in a natural way. b] Milking group in which calves were separated from their dams 3-5 days after calving and these dams were hand milked while the calves suckled milk artificially via nipple pial. Weekly blood samples were collected from the experimental animals for determination of haemoglobin red blood cells white blood cells and differential count. Blood plasma used for estimation of calcium, inorganic phosphorus, magnesium and total plasma proteins. It was concluded that the variations in crythrocytic and leucocytic counts as well as haemoglobin percentsage lacked significance due to suckling or milking. However suckling showed a clear lymphocytosis, eosinopenia and basopenia. Calcium and magnesium plasma levels were higher in the milking group than in suckling one [11.61 +/- 0.77 vs 11.15 +/- 0.35 gm% for calcium and 3.52 +/- 0.16 vs 3.17 +/- 0.15 gm% for magnesium]. Inorganic phosphorus level revealed no significant difference between group However, calph ratio was narrower in the suckling group [1.92:1] than in milking one [2.03:1]. Variation in total plasma protein percentage lacked significance between both groups [8.77 +/- 0.16 gm% in suckling vs 9.02 +/- 0.38 gm% in milking group]

Effect of alloxan diabetes on the level of some minerals in blood and the eye lens

Cataract developed in the eye lens is associated with opacification of the lens or its capsule. There are different factors sharing in the incidence of cataract. Among which are aging, congenital reasons, nutritional factors, radiation, toxicity and diabetes. The present study deals with the changes in some cations eg. soduim, potassuim and calcium in serum and eye lens in alloxan diabetic rats after one and two months duration. Results revealed that blood glucose level became lower by prolongation of the time of experiment, but still rats showed high blood sugar which indicate that they were diabetics after two months. Serum and lens minerals showed significant decreases after one and two months except for sodium and calcium levels in the lens which increased significantly after one and two months. Potassuim content showed highly significant drop especially after two months

Serum mineral changes in manganese exposed workers

In a group of Egyptian manganese of dry battery section from Kaha Company chemical production expounded to manganese fumes for periods of 22 years. The changes in serum minerals such as iron, cooper, zinc, calcium, magnesium, potassium and sodium were investigated. The results revealed an increased in blood manganese concentration association with a decrease in blood hemoglobin. A significant decrease were also observed in the levels of serum iron, calcium and zinc, while these of serum copper and magnesium were significantly elevated. However, no definite correlation could be found between the levels of serum sodium and potassium in the exposed non-exposed workers