Mucina y Enfermedad Periodontal / Mucin and periodontal disease

La enfermedad periodontal (EP) es una patología que afecta principalmente los tejidos que rodean a la pieza dentaria (PD) y se caracteriza, en la mayoría de los casos, por una exposición bacteriana que favorece una respuesta destructiva e inflamatoria del huésped, que conduce a la pérdida de inserción periodontal de la PD, provocando una marcada reabsorción ósea y la posible pérdida de las PD. El diagnóstico de EP implica evaluaciones clínicas y radiográficas, en la actualidad se están realizando diversas investigaciones para evaluar posibles compuestos en los fluidos orales a través de lo cual puede ser posible evaluar la presencia y gravedad de estas enfermedades, como así también el riesgo en los pacientes. Hay evidencias de la interacción de macromoléculas salivales, como las mucinas, con microorganismos específicos. De esta manera las mucinas, junto con otros productos de la saliva, ayudan a modular tanto el número como el tipo de proliferación de ciertos organismos y provocar la disminución de otros. La revisión de la literatura actual concluye que las mucinas salivales pueden servir como un parámetro bioquímico de la inflamación del periodonto (AU)

Periodontal disease (PD) is a pathology that mainly affects the tissues surrounding the tooth (PD) and is characterized, in most cases, by a bacterial exposure that favors a destructive and inflammatory response of the host, which leads to the loss of periodontal insertion of the PD, causing a marked bone resorption and the possible loss of the PD. The diagnosis of PD involves clinical and radiographic evaluations, at present several investigations are being carried out to evaluate possible compounds in oral fluids through which it may be possible to evaluate the presence and severity of these diseases, as well as the risk in patients. There is evidence of the interaction of salivary macromolecules, such as mucins, with specific microorganisms. In this way, mucins, together with other saliva products, help modulate both the number and type of proliferation of certain organisms and cause the decrease of others. The review of the current literature concludes that salivary mucins can serve as a biochemical parameter of inflammation of the periodontium (AU)

Mucinas salivales: estructura química, mecanismos de liberación y participación en la defensa no inmunológica de la cavidad bucal / Salivary mucins: chemical structure, release mechanisms and participation in the non-immunological defense of the oral cavity

En este artículo se describen: 1) las características físico-químicas de las mucinas salivales, denominadas MG1 y MG2. 2) El mecanismo de secreción por estimulación simpática y parasimpática. 3) La distinta participación de MG1 y MG2 tanto en la actividad deglutoria como en los mecanismos de defensa de la cavidad bucal, en relación con sus propiedades físico-químicas. 4) El rol de las mucinas salivales en la protección de la mucosa del tracto gastrointestinal. 5) La relación entre las mucinas saliales y las patologías de la cavidad bucal.

LacCur stain for detection of mucin in adenocarcinoma.

Identification of cytoplasmic mucin, usually by Mayer's mucicarmine stain, is one of the criteria to diagnose adenocarcinoma. The inexpensive LacCur stain, made up of Curcuma longa (khamin-shan) and secreta of Laccifer lacca (krang) has been introduced. The aim of this study was to compare the Mayer's mucicarmine and LacCur stains in the detection of mucin material. The specimens included 17 adenocarcinomas of the stomach, 16 of the colon, 18 of the lung, 16 of the breast, and 12 of the bile duct. Squamous cell carcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma (altogether 20 cases) were set as negative control. Like Mayer's mucicarmine, LacCur was capable of detecting of intracytoplasmic mucin in all adenocarcinomas of the stomach, colon and bile duct, and revealed mucin substance in 15/18 and 11/16 cases of specimens from the lung and breast, respectively. The negative control group showed a negative result. Although a little more time required in preparation, the LacCur stain is simple and very economical.

Histochemical study of epithelial mucin in endometrial hyperplasia and adenocarcinomas

The pattern and type of mucin were studied on 37 curettage specimens. These cases were formed of 25 endometria showing normal proliferative and secretory phase and 12 endometria showing hyperplastic changes. Fifteen hysterectomy specimens from cases of endometrial adenocarcinoma were also examined in this work. All cases were stained by Hematoxylin and Eosin, periodic acid-schiff [P.A.S.] and alcian blue. The cases of endometrial hyperplasia showed the same distribution of both types of mucin secreted by the normal endometrial glands, although increased in quantity. Most of endometrial adenocarcinomas contained different quantities of cellular mucin, which was found to be more abundant and widely distributed in the well differentiated than in the moderately or poorly differentiated ones. It was observed that the histochemical properties, site and pattern of mucin secretion in these cases strongly resembled that seen in the normal endometrium. This may play a role in differentiating adenocarcinoma of endometrial origin from other carcinomas in the female genital tract like that of endocervical origin

Mucosal changes in schistosomal colorectal polyps and colorectal carcinoma

This work was carried out on 50 individuals divided into three groups. Group A included 20 volunteers without colorectal disease, group B included 20 patients with schistosomal colorectal polyps and group C included 10 patients with colorectal carcinoma. Histopathological and histochemical studies were done on the endoscopically obtained colorectal specimens from all 50 individuals. Periodic acid Schiff's reagent/Alcian blue stains [PAS/AB], Alcian blue [PHI] and mucicarmine stains were used to identify different types of mucosal mucin with qualitative estimation of the mucin content determined by the degree of reaction. The results showed that control cases have predominantly sulfated mucin with little amount of sialo mucin. Schistosomal polyps showed moderate increase in sialo mucin and transitional zone mucosa in malignant cases proved to have marked increase of sialo mucin