A new double graft technique in urethroplasty for complex urethral stenosis: preliminary findings

ABSTRACT The management of complex urethral stenosis may involve different surgical techniques. As retraction of the graft may account for surgical failure, this risk increases in patients with more extensive stenosis requiring a graft of greater diameter. Although double grafts have already been used to maximize success in these cases, we propose a modified technique for urethroplasty with longitudinal urethral incision. The hypothesis was that this technique would increase the lumen by using only a urethral incision on the dorsal surface. Two patients presenting with recurrent urethral stenosis underwent urethroplasty using a double graft of oral mucosa that preserves the integrity of the spongy tissue and allows ventral inlay graft fixation using a midline relaxing incision in the portion of the urethra with stenosis. In both cases, the urethrocystoscopy and uroflowmetry performed after surgery showed a pervious and complacent urethra. After four and six months of follow-up, the postoperative outcomes were satisfactory for both patients. Further studies involving larger numbers of patients and long-term follow-up are required to evaluate the effectiveness of this method.

Técnica de Shira utilizada no tratamento de mucocele: Quando indicar? Como realizar? / Shira's technique used in mucocele treatment: when indicate? How to perform?

O termo mucocele é empregado clinicamente como um termo genérico, para se referir aos fenômenos de retenção e extravasamento de muco, sendo essa lesão um pseudocisto de etiologia traumática, decorrente do rompimento do ducto de uma glândula salivar menor. Clinicamente, esse tipo de lesão pode se apresentar como uma tumefação ou bolha, macia à palpação, de coloração azulada ou, mesmo, normocrômica, dependendo da sua profundidade nos tecidos, assintomática, de superfície lisa e de tamanho variado, sendo o lábio inferior a região mais acometida. Com relação ao seu tratamento, a enucleação é a técnica mais preconizada. Entretanto, algumas técnicas alternativas têm sido propostas na literatura para esse fim, como o uso do laser de dióxido de carbono, marsupialização e a técnica de Shira, sendo esta realizada com a injeção prévia de um hidrocoloide irreversível no interior da lesão, para evitar o extravasamento do conteúdo mucoso no momento da divulsão cirúrgica. O objetivo deste trabalho é mudar o caso clínico da paciente encaminhada à Clínica de Cirurgia Oral menor da Universidade Federal Fluminense, lhe apresentou, ao exame clínico, uma mucocele em lábio inferior do lado direito, com 14 dias de evolução e cerca de 2,0 cm em seu maior diâmetro, tendo sido realizado remoção completa da lesão por meio da técnica de Shira. A paciente evoluiu sem complicações e recidiva da lesão... (AU)

The mucocele term is used clinically as a generic term to refer to retention phenomenon and mucus extravasation, which is a pseudocyst injury of traumatic etiology, due to the rupture of the duct of a minor salivary gland. Clinically this type of injury may present as a swelling or blister, soft palpation, bluish or even normochromic coloring, depending on their depth in the tissues, asymptomatic smooth surface and varying size, with the lower lip the most affected region. Regarding treatment, enucleation is the recommended technique. However, some alternative techniques have been proposed in the literature for this purpose, such as using carbon dioxide laser, Marsupialization and Shira's technique, which is performed with the previous injection of an irreversible hydrocolloid inside the lesion to avoid extravasation the mucous content at the time of surgical divulsion. The aim of this paper is to present a case of C.R.F. patient, 18-year-old female was referred to minor oral surgery clinic of the Federal Fluminense University, with clinical examination mucoceles in lower right lip 14 days of evolution and about 2.0 cm in its largest diameter, where complete removal of the lesion was performed using the Shira's technique. The same progressed without complications and recurrence of injury... (AU)

Manipulação de tecido mole peri-implantar na região lingual posterior de mandíbula / Peri-implant soft tissue management in the posterior lingual region of the mandible ­ a case report

O objetivo deste artigo foi relatar um caso clínico no qual foi realizada uma modificação da técnica de estabilização do enxerto de tecido conjuntivo (ETC) concomitante à etapa de reabertura, com o intuito de melhorar a qualidade da mucosa peri-implantar na região lingual posterior de mandíbula. Após anamnese, foi constatada no exame clínico a necessidade de exodontia do dente 34 e reabilitação protética na região do 34-36. Após cinco meses, foram instalados três implantes na região dos dentes 34, 35 e 36. Decorridos quatro meses, foi realizada a reabertura desses implantes e, pela ausência de mucosa queratinizada na região dos implantes instalados, optou-se por realizar um ETC na região lingual do 35 e 36. Este foi removido do palato e, para melhor adaptação desse enxerto no leito receptor, foi utilizado um perfurador de lençol de borracha para perfurar o ETC no local que correspondia aos cicatrizadores dos implantes 35 e 36, estabilizando-se assim o ETC no leito receptor. O retalho foi reposicionado, cobrindo totalmente o ETC e suturado. Após três anos, o tecido mole adjacente ao implante apresentava-se clinicamente estável e saudável, e a paciente encontrava-se satisfeita com o resultado. De acordo com o caso clínico relatado, esta nova abordagem para utilização do ETC, para criar uma faixa de gengiva queratinizada ao redor de implantes, mostrou-se efi ciente quanto à sua utilização de região posterior de mandíbula. Entretanto, estudos clínicos adicionais são necessários para avaliar a precisão desta técnica em outras condições clínicas.

The aim of this article is to report a clinical case where a modification of the technique of stabilization of the connective tissue graft concomitant to the reopening stage was performed in order to improve the quality of the periimplantar mucosa in the posterior lingual region of the mandible. After anamnesis, and clinical examination, the need to perform tooth 34 extraction and prosthetic rehabilitation in the region 34-36 was verifi ed. After 5 months, 3 implants were installed in the region of teeth 34, 35 and 36. After 4 months, the reopening of these implants was performed and because of the absence of keratinized mucosa in the region of the implants it was chosen to perform a connective tissue graft (CTG) in the lingual region of 35 and 36. The graft removed from the palate and for better adaptation bed, a rubber sheet punch was used to puncture it at the site corresponding to the implants 35 and 36 being stabilized in the recipient bed. The flap was repositioned, completely covering the CTG and sutured. After 3 years, the soft tissue adjacent to the implant was clinically stable, healthy and the patient was satisfied with the result. According to the reported clinical case, this new approach for the use of CTG to create a keratinized gingival band around implants proved to be efficient in its use of the posterior mandible region. However, additional clinical studies are needed to assess the accuracy of this technique in other clinical conditions.

Giant oral lipoma: a rare entity

Abstract Lipomas are very common benign slow-growing soft tissue neoplasms composed of mature adipose tissue mostly diagnosed in the fifth decade of life. These tumors rarely present in the oral cavity, representing less than approximately 5% of all benign mouth tumors. They are usually less than 2cm in size and etiology remains unclear. We report a young male patient presenting with a giant lipoma in the buccal mucosa. Histopathology revealed a large area of mature fat cells consistent with conventional lipoma and an area of the mucosal lining of the lesion suggestive of morsicatio buccarum. In the present article, we emphasize the clinicopathological features and differential diagnosis of the disease.

Experimental study on the effects of bismuth subgallate on the inflammatory process and angiogenesis of the oral mucosa / Estudo experimental sobre os efeitos do subgalato de bismuto no processo inflamatório e de angiogênese em mucosa bucal

ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Bismuth subgallate is a salt derived from heavy metal. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of this salt on some phases of healing. OBJECTIVES: To assess the effect of subgallate on mucosa and to evaluate the association between the use of bismuth subgallate and neogenesis of vessels in oral mucosal wounds. METHODS: This was a prospective and experimental study. This study used sixty rats, which were divided into control and experimental groups. The animals were submitted to a surgical procedure, which caused oral mucosal injury. A saline solution was applied on the wound of the control group, and in the experimental group, a solution of bismuth subgallate was administrated. RESULTS: The experimental group showed greater inflammatory reaction with increasing monomorphic proliferation. There was increased vessel proliferation in the control group. CONCLUSION: Bismuth subgallate had a negative influence on the healing process, delaying the rate of new vessel formation and optimal wound healing.

RESUMO INTRODUÇÃO: O subgalato de bismuto é um sal derivado de metal pesado. A ideia desta pesquisa é avaliar sua interferência em alguma das fases da cicatrização. OBJETIVO: Delinear a ação do subgalato em mucosas. Avaliar a relação entre a utilização do subgalato de bismuto e a neoformação de vasos nas feridas em mucosa oral, para evidenciar o possível benefício resultante do seu uso. MÉTODO: Estudo experimental, prospectivo. Utilizou-se sessenta ratos, que foram divididos igualmente em grupo controle e experimento. Foram submetidos a um procedimento cirúrgico onde foi feito uma lesão na mucosa oral dos animais, após, uma solução de soro fisiológico foi aplicada sobre a lesão do grupo controle e sobre a ferida do grupo experimento foi aplicada uma solução de subgalato de bismuto. RESULTADOS: o grupo experimento apresentou maior reação inflamatória com crescente proliferação monomórfica. Vasos: houve maior proliferação no grupo controle. CONCLUSÕES: concluiu-se que o subgalato de bismuto teve uma ação negativa no processo de cicatrização, atrasando a velocidade de formação dos neovasos e a cicatrização ideal da ferida operatória.

Uso das técnicas ETCS e Vista no tratamento da recessão da mucosa peri-implantar / The use of SCTG and Vista technique in the treatment of peri-implant mucosa recession ­ a case report

O objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar um caso clínico e sua respectiva resolução estético/funcional, no qual o implante instalado apresentava uma recessão da mucosa peri-implantar com comprometimento estético. O enxerto de tecido conjuntivo (ETC) subepitelial é uma das opções de tratamento para correção destas deformidades, tendo a capacidade de melhorar a quantidade de mucosa queratinizada ao redor do implante, o que beneficia a manutenção da saúde e a estética da região em longo prazo. A técnica da incisão vestibular subperiosteal de acesso em túnel é uma abordagem minimamente invasiva e foi empregada neste caso com sucesso.

This paper presents a clinical case report about a dental implant with mucosal recession and its aesthetic-functional resolution. The subepithelial connective tissue graft (SCTG) is one of the treatment options to correct these deformities, having the ability to improve the amount of keratinized mucosa around the implant, which benefits the maintenance of the heath of the area. The minimally invasive, vestibular incision with subperiosteal tunnel access (Vista) technique was also used with success in this case.

Reconstrução de lesão em lábio superior por mordedura animal em criança / Reconstruction for injury in upper lip biting in animal in child

Os ferimentos ocasionados por mordeduras animais são comuns e de importância na saúde pública, tendo consequências, como desfiguração, infecção e, até mesmo, a morte em casos mais graves. A conduta frente a essas lesões é controversa, principalmente do ponto de vista do fechamento primário da ferida da profilaxia de doenças infecto-contagiosas, originadas a partir do contato da saliva do animal com a ferida. O atendimento desses doentes na urgência consiste no controle da infecção, reabilitação funcional e, consequentemente, estética, a fim de minimizar danos psíquicos e possibilitar retorno ao convívio social. O presente trabalho relata o caso de ferimento em lábio superior de uma criança decorrente de agressão por mordida canina. A reconstrução foi realizada através da rotação de retalho rombóide da mucosa oral bem como do avanço retilíneo do retalho cutâneo associado aos triângulos de Descarga. Além disso, foi instituída uma antibioticoterapia específica. Dessa maneira, foi obtido um resultado estético e funcional satisfatório, sem complicações infecciosas pós-operatórias ou deiscências de suturas... (AU)

Injuries caused by dog bites are common and have importance in public health, with consequences such as disfigurement, infection and even death in severe cases. The correct approach to these lesions is controversial, especially in primary closure of the point of view of the wound and prophylaxis of infectious diseases originating from the animal's saliva contact with the wound. The care of these patients in the emergency consists in controlling infection, functional rehabilitation and consequently aesthetics in order to minimize possible psychological damage and return to social life. This paper reports the injury case in upper lip of a child resulting from aggression by canine bite. The reconstruction was carried out by retail rhomboid oral mucosa rotation and straight forward skin flap associated with the discharge of triangles. Moreover, a particular antibiotic was introduced. Thus it was obtained a satisfactory aesthetic and functional results without infectious postoperative complications or dehiscence of sutures... (AU)

Frenectomia labial pela técnica de reposicionamento cirúrgico proposta por Chelotti / Labial frenum by chirurgic replacement technic proposed by Chelotti

O freio labial superior, localizado entre os incisivos centrais superiores, é uma estrutura anatômica fina e triangular com base voltada para apical e estendendo-se do tubérculo do lábio superior até o processo alveolar. Quando, ao se tracionar o lábio para frente, para baixo e lateralmente com o objetivo de manter o freio tenso, ocorre uma isquemia tecidual, a intervenção cirúrgica está indicada, obedecendo a princípios da necessidade e oportunidade cirúrgica, principalmente no paciente infantil. A proposta deste trabalho foi apresentar um caso clínico de paciente com oito anos de idade, gênero masculino, que apresentou ao exame clínico freio tetolabial persistente que, ao ser tracionado, produzia isquemia na papila palatina, além da presença de diastema interincisal. O tratamento proposto foi o reposicionamento cirúrgico do freio. Concluiu-se que a técnica proposta contribuiu para o fechamento espontâneo do diastema e preservou as características anatômicas, funcionais e estéticas do freio labial superior.(AU)

The upper labial frenum, between maxillary central incisors, is a thin and triangular anatomical structure which base is faced to the apex extending from the upper labial tubercle until the alveolar process. When the upper lip is pulled to keep its tense, and blanches through to the palatal papilla, this seems to be an indication for its removal, regarding the principles of surgery needs and opportunity, mainly in young patient. Patient with eight years old, male, had abnormal frenum that when was pulled, blanched through to the palatal papilla, besides the midline diastema. In the RX no alteration was observed and we confirmed that midline diastema theory it was a result of abnormal frenum. The proposed treatment was a frenum replacement surgery. This technic had cooperated to the diastema naturally closure and had preserved the anatomical, functional and aesthetics characteristics of the upper labial frenum.(AU)

Lábio duplo bilabial / Bilabial double lip

O lábio duplo é uma entidade rara, com poucos relatos, que geralmente afeta o lábio superior, sendo de fácil diagnóstico clínico. Pode ter origem congênita ou adquirida. O tratamento cirúrgico é indicado por queixa estética ou funcional, de simples execução. Este relato refere-se a um caso de lábio duplo bilabial em paciente do sexo masculino de 14 anos, em que foi realizada correção cirúrgica por motivação estética do paciente, com ótimo resultado dos pontos de vista estético e funcional.

There are few published reports on double lip, a rare entity that usually affects the upper lip, and that is easily diagnosed clinically. It may be congenital or acquired. Surgical treatment is indicated for aesthetic or functional complaints, and is simple to implement. This report describes a case of bilabial double lip in a 14-year-old male patient, in whom surgical correction was carried out for aesthetic reasons, with excellent aesthetic and functional results.

Peri-implant soft tissue augmentation with a porcine collagen matrix / Aumento de tejido blando periimplantario con matriz de colágeno porcino: reporte de caso clínico

A good amount and width of keratinized tissue around implants has been associated with better peri-implant health, less bone loss and improved esthetics. The purpose of this case was to evaluate a new porcine xenograft (collagen matrix) used as an interpositional graft to augment thickness of the peri-implant mucosa. There are few studies using a collagen matrix as a substitute for subepithelial connective graft around implants. This case involved a clinical implant in teeth 15 in which it was made the most of it during placement of healing abutment by taking the opportunity to increase peri-implant mucosa with a collagen matrix. Thickness increased 1.5mm while the amount of keratinized mucosa was kept at 4mm. It is concluded that the collagen matrix of porcine origin is a good alternative to increase thickness of the peri-implant mucosa and reduce morbidity. It is easy to handle and suture as well.

Una buena cantidad y grosor de tejido queratinizado alrededor de implantes ha sido asociado con una mejor salud periimplantaria, menos pérdida ósea y una mejora en la estética. El propósito de este caso clínico fue evaluar un nuevo xenoinjerto de origen porcino (matriz de colágeno) al ser utilizada como un injerto interposicional para au¬mentar el grosor de la mucosa periimplantaria. Son pocos los estudios que utilizan la matriz de colágeno como sustituto del injerto conectivo subepitelial alrededor de implantes. El caso clínico incluyó un implante a nivel de la pieza 15, en el cual durante la colocación del pilar de cicatrización se aprovechó para engrosar la mucosa periimplantaria utilizando una matriz de colágeno. Se obtuvo un aumento de grosor de 1,5mm manteniéndose la cantidad de mucosa queratinizada de 4mm. Se concluyó que la matriz de colágeno de origen porcino es una buena alternativa para aumentar el grosor de la mucosa periimplantaria, además de reducir la morbilidad, ser de fácil manejo y de fácil sutura.

Tratamento de hemangioma por escleroterapia em aplicação única / Hemangioma treatment by sclerotherapy in a single application

Hemangioma é um tumor benigno oriundo de uma proliferação de tecido vascular em desenvolvimento e requer um diagnóstico apropriado para que a obtenção de um tratamento satisfatório seja alcançada. O tratamento depende do tamanho e da localização da lesão e pode ser feito com esclerose química, crioterapia, laserterapia, ligadura e excisão, ulceração artificial, embolia arterial, eletrocautério, termocautério ou radioterapia. Apresentamos um caso de uma paciente do gênero feminino, 63 anos, compareceu ao serviço de cirurgia e traumatologia bucomaxilofaciais apresentando lesão em mucosa jugal direita notada após um trauma oclusal acidental. Ao exame, notou-se edentulismo parcial superior e inferior e um tumor arroxeado em mucosa jugal direita, medindo aproximadamente 2 x 2,5 centímetros. O caso foi tratado com aplicação única de solução esclerosante (Ethamolin®),havendo resolução do quadro em 70 dias.. O tratamento de escolha foi a escleroterapia química, por se tratar de uma opção de fácil aplicação e baixo custo... (AU)

Hemangioma is a benign tumor originating of tissue proliferation of the vascular tissue in development and requires proper diagnosis for obtaining a satisfactory treatment is achieved. The treatment depends on the size and location of the lesion and can be done by chemical sclerosis, cryotherapy, laser therapy, ligation and excision, artificial ulceration, arterial embolism, electrocautery,thermocautery or radiation. Female patient, 63 years old, attended the oral and maxillofacialservice presenting lesion on the right buccal mucosa noted after an accidental occlusal trauma. Upon examination, it was noticed upper and lower partial edentulism and a purple tumor on the right buccal mucosa, measuring approximately 2 x 2.5 cm. The patient was treated with one application of sclerosing solution (ethamolin ®), that was resoluted in 70 days. The treatment was the chemical sclerotherapy, because it is an option for easy application and has a low cost... (AU)

Cirurgia de elevação da mucosa do seio maxilar: o uso de biomaterial é necessário? / Surgical elevation of maxillary sinus mucosa: is it necessary to use biomaterials?

A reabsorção óssea que ocorre após a extração dos dentes posteriores da maxila pode resultar em perdas ósseas severas verticais e/ou horizontais, comprometendo, assim, o planejamento de reabilitação com implantes naquela região. Inúmeras técnicas de enxertia têm sido descritas e utilizadas no intuito de restabelecer volume ósseo adequado para posterior instalação dos implantes. A técnica mais rotineira para restaurar a anatomia dessa região é o procedimento de aumento do assoalho do seio maxilar.

The bone resorption that occurs after extraction of maxillary posterior teeth may result in severe vertical and/or horizontal bone loss, compromising the planning of rehab with implants in that region. Numerous grafting techniques have been described and used aiming to restore adequate bone volume for posterior implants installation. The most used technique to restore the anatomy of this region is the procedure of maxillary sinus floor augmentation.

Cryosurgery in the treatment of oro-facial lesions.

Cryosurgery is a therapeutical method that uses freezing to obtain a tissue inflammatory and/or a destructive response. It has been successfully used for many cutaneous conditions. Its use is increasing for several conditions in the oral cavity. The oral mucosa, because of its characteristics of humidity and smoothness, is an ideal site for this technique. It shows a very good esthetic result and it may be either the first choice or an alternative option to conventional surgery. This article strives to review the modus operandi of cryosurgical instruments, the various indications, limitations and advantages of cryosurgery in the treatment of oral lesions.

Extenso nevo azul intraoral: relato de caso / Extensive intraoral blue nevus: case report

O nevo é uma má-formação congênita pigmentada, raramente encontrado na mucosa bucal. Cerca de 1/3 dos casos localizados nesta região anatômica são do tipo azul, uma variante histológica com considerável tendência à malignização. Este artigo relata o caso de um paciente do sexo masculino, tabagista crônico, portador de um nevo azul de 5 cm de diâmetro no palato duro. A excisão da lesão sem biópsia prévia foi a conduta terapêutica de eleição para o caso, uma vez que ainda existe controvérsia na literatura a respeito da realização de biópsia incisional em lesões pigmentadas malignas ou com potencial de malignização. O paciente foi acompanhado por um período de 2 anos, sem sinais de recorrência ou transformação maligna.

Nevus is a congenital pigmented malformation rarely found in the oral mucosa. Around one third of cases located in this anatomical region are of the blue type, a histological variant with considerable tendency to malignancy. This study reports the case of a male patient, chronic smoker, with a blue nevus measuring 5cm in diameter on the hard palate. Since controversy exists in the literature regarding the incisional biopsy of pigmented lesions with malignant or malignant potential, excision without previous biopsy of the lesion was the therapy of choice for this case. The patient was followed-up for two years with no sign of recurrence or malignant transformation.

Use of periosteal membrane as a barrier membrane for the treatment of buccal Grade II furcation defects in lower molars: A novel technique.

Objective : To use the periosteum as a barrier in treatment of buccal Grade II furcation defects of lower molars. Materials and Methods : This technique was performed on 12 patients with bilateral buccal Grade II furcation defects of lower molars. On a random basis, one furcation defect of each pair was selected for the control group and other for the experimental group. Debridement was done in the defect area in both groups. In the control group, after debridement, mucoperiosteal flap was sutured back. In the experimental group, after reflection of the mucoperiosteal flap, a portion of the periosteum along with a layer of connective tissue (periosteal membrane) was incised and mobilized in the defect area for defect coverage as a barrier, and then the periosteal membrane and mucoperiosteal flap were fixed with suture, respectively. Horizontal dimension of the furcation defect was the primary outcome measure. Gingival index, probing attachment level (PAL), and vertical dimension of furcation defect were the secondary outcome measures. Clinical parameters were registered at baseline and at 6 months. Results : Every clinical parameter was improved by surgery. Significant gain in PAL as well as horizontal and vertical dimensions of the furcation defects was found. Conclusion: This periosteum displacement technique is effective for the treatment of buccal Grade II furcation defects of lower molars.

Effect of carbonated drink on excisional palatal wound healing: A study on Wistar rats.

Background: Millions of people worldwide consume carbonated drinks every day. The effects of these drinks on hard tissues in the mouth have been proved beyond doubt. Only a little has been done so far to assess the effects of carbonated drinks on oral soft tissues. This study was an attempt to assess the effect of carbonated drinks on oral wound healing. Materials and Methods: Twenty female Wistar rats were considered for the study. A circular wound was created on the palate and the animals were divided into two groups (experimental and control group). The experimental group animals were fed with a commercially available carbonated drink instead of water, and two animals from each group were euthanized at 3, 7, 14 and 21 days. Wound site was assessed morphometrically and histologically. Results: There was a marked difference in the healing pattern between the experimental group and control group animals. Control group animals showed a normal healing pattern with formation of a fibrous connective tissue at the end of 21 days. In the experimental group, healing was delayed and disrupted. The wound site showed a definite palatal perforation in experimental group animals after 14 days, but osteoclasts were not noticed in the histological sections. Conclusion: Consumption of carbonated drinks can disrupt oral wound healing. Results suggest that the bone changes seen in experimental group samples are not mediated by osteoclasts, and acidity of the carbonated drinks could be one of the reasons for these changes.

Ventral bulbar augmentation. a new technical modification of oral mucosa graft urethroplasty for stricture of the proximal bulbar urethra

Complication rates with ventral onlay technique of oral mucosa graft urethroplasty have been attributed to the poor ventral support for the graft. We herein describe a new technique which overcomes these problems and also discuss the short-term follow-up. In a prospective study conducted between January 2006 and June 2008, 13 patients with proximal stricture of the bulbar urethra underwent ventral bulbar augmentation. In this technique, the graft was sutured only to the bulbar urethra and the rest of spongiosal tissue was closed superficially. Longitudinal incisions were given in the partial depth of the bulb, adjacent to the suture line and were sutured together over the first suture line. The mean follow-up period was 16.4 months [range, 6 to 30 months]. Two of the patients developed restricture; one at the proximal anastomosis of the graft with native urethra and one at the distal anastomosis. Remaining 11 patients have satisfactory postoperative uroflow rates and are doing well. The success rate at the last follow-up was 84.6%. This technique exploits the local bulbar anatomy by successfully moving the lateral bulbar tissue medially, below the ventrally placed mucosal graft. This results in a thicker ventral bulbar platform which provides enhanced support to the graft

Tunica albuginea urethroplasty for panurethral strictures

To assess the efficacy of tunica albuginea urethroplasty for pan urethral stricture management as an alternative approach to conventional dorsal buccal mucosal graft urethroplasty, especially in cases with unavailability of healthy buccal mucosa. Eighty-six patients with panurethral strictures underwent tunica albuginea urethroplasty at our center with follow-ups at 6, 12, 24, and 36 months. Results were assessed by comparative analysis of pre-operative and postoperative patient's satisfaction [based on symptoms] along with retrograde urethrography, urethrosonography, and uroflowmetry. Ten patients from the successful group underwent postoperative urethroscopic examination. Counting good and fair results as successful [satisfied and not requiring revision urethroplasty], success [good + fair] rate was 95.3% at immediate postoperative and at 6 months. Results reduced to 93% at 12 months, 90.7% at 24 months, and 89.5% at the end of 36 month follow-up. Failure [poor results requiring revision urethroplasty] rate was 10.5% at the end of the 3 years of follow-up. Tunica albuginea urethroplasty runs over the concept of urethral groove and the ease of procedure with adequately satisfactory results provides decent outcomes. Tunica albuginea urethroplasty gives advantage of local availability and achieving patent distensible urethra without any graft. Urethroscopy of these subjects, by direct visualization shows the area of roof formed by tunica appears well covered with urothelium, further substantiating its ability to maintain patency and distensibility of the urethra

Wound healing in the jugal mucosa of rats with a cold blade scalpel and an ultrasonic harmonic scalpel / Cicatrização de feridas realizadas na mucosa jugal de ratos com bisturi com lâmina fria e com bisturi harmônico ultrassônico

Ultrasound harmonic scalpel has been recently introduced in otorhinolaryngological procedures. AIM: to assess macro and microscopic evolution of the healing process of wounds created in the jugal mucosa of rats by the use of ultrasound scalpel. METHOD: we used 30 Wistar rats in which we made mucosal incisions on the right jugal mucosa with the ultrasound harmonic scalpel (USHS) and on the left side with the cold blade scalpel (CBS). Macroscopic and microscopic evaluations were carried out on the third, seventh and fourteenth days of postoperative. For the microscopic evaluation we used HE to asses the inflammatory process and the Sirius Red approach for collagens type I and III. Anti-CD 3 antibodies and anti-factor VIII assessed the concentration of T-lymphocytes and neovessels. RESULTS: the USHS caused greater cell damage with reepitelization delay. Microscopy showed more intense inflammatory reactions and a loss in collagen build up, delay in scar maturation and a greater vessel neoformation. CONCLUSION: USHS brings about a greater lesion in the incision area; delayed regeneration; promotes greater inflammatory process and angiogenic activity; delays in fibroplasia and scar tissue maturation on the rats' jugal mucosa when compared to cold blade scalpel.

O bisturi harmônico ultrassônico foi introduzido recentemente em operações otorrinolaringológicas. ObJETIVO: Avaliar a evolução macro e microscópica do processo de cicatrização de feridas realizadas na mucosa jugal de ratas com uso de bisturi ultrassônico. MÉTODO: Foram utilizadas 30 ratas Wistar com incisões na mucosa, no lado direito com bisturi harmônico ultrassônico (BHU) e à esquerda com bisturi com lâmina fria (BLF). As avaliações macroscópicas e microscópicas foram realizadas no terceiro, sétimo e décimo quarto dias pós-operatório. Na análise microscópica utilizou-se coloração HE para avaliar o processo inflamatório e a técnica de Sirius red para os colágenos I e III. Anticorpos anti-CD 3 e anti-Fator VIII avaliaram a concentração de linfócitos T e neovasos. RESULTADOS: O BHU promoveu maior dano celular com atraso de reepitelização. A microscopia constatou-se reações inflamatórias mais intensas e prejuízo da deposição de colágeno, atraso na maturação das cicatrizes e a neoformação maior de vasos. CONCLUSÃO: O BHU proporciona maior área de lesão na incisão; atrasa a regeneração; promove maior processo inflamatório e atividade angiogênica; atrasa a fibroplasia e a maturação das cicatrizes na mucosa jugal de ratas em relação ao bisturi de lâmina fria.

Clinical and histopathological analysis of intramucosal zirconia inserts used for improving maxillary denture retention

Intramucosal inserts made of zirconia ceramic have been used for the rehabilitation of edentulous patients. This study aimed to follow up on patients with complete dentures having intramucosal zirconia inserts and to perform a histological analysis of biopsies of the epithelium surrounding the inserts. Twelve 31-66-year-old subjects of both genders received complete denture treatment having the intramucosal inserts in place. Detailed clinical, prosthetic and surgical procedures were described. Clinical exams were done on postoperative days 3, 7, 15, 120 and 360. One year after denture placement, the subjects received local anesthesia and the tissues surrounding the insertion sites in the alveolar ridge were removed using a scalpel blade. Biopsies were fixed for up to 48 h in 10 percent phosphate-buffered formaldehyde and 5-µm-thick sections were cut and stained with hematoxylin and eosin and Gomori Trichrome. Immunohistochemistry was used to identify endothelium (anti-CD3) and T lymphocytes (anti-CD31). Removing and reinserting the denture was painful until day 15, but all patients reported a marked increase in the retention and stability of the complete denture with little or no discomfort after 30 days. The histopathological analysis showed that zirconia inserts were well tolerated by the oral mucosa, with the presence of collagen fibers in the tissue around the insert, with mild inflammatory response and allowing reepithelialization, expressed by parakeratosis, epithelial hyperplasia and presenting granular layer. In conclusion, intramucosal zirconia inserts did not affect the health of oral mucosa and provide adequate retention and stability of the complete denture and comfort to the patients.