PCR-based identification of Mycobacterium murphy causing Canine Leproid Granuloma Syndrome in Niterói, southeast Brazil - case report / Identificação baseada em PCR de Mycobacterium murphy causando Síndrome do Granuloma Lepróide Canino em Niterói, sudeste do Brasil ˗ Relato de Caso

Canine Leproid Granuloma Syndrome (CLGS), also known as canine leprosy, is a cutaneous nodular infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium sp.. Despite being reported worldwide, it is still quite unknown and underdiagnosed. Diagnosis may be achieved by cytopathology or histopathology of skin lesions, but identification of the infectious agent is complex, since bacterial in vitro growth is not possible, relying upon molecular techniques such as PCR to confirm Mycobacterium DNA in the sample. We report a CLGS case in Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil, diagnosed by cytopathology and submitted to molecular identification of the agent. PCR amplification of hsp65 gene was performed and revealed 100% genetic homology to M. murphy strain. This is the first CLGS report with molecular identification in Rio de Janeiro state, and this finding should raise awareness about CLGS as a differential diagnosis among granulomatous skin diseases in this region.(AU)

A síndrome de granuloma leproide canino (SGLC), também conhecida como lepra canina, é uma doença infecciosa cutânea nodular causada por Mycobacterium sp. Apesar de ser relatada mundialmente, ainda é bastante desconhecida e subdiagnosticada. O diagnóstico pode ser conseguido por citopatologia ou histopatologia de lesões cutâneas, mas a identificação do agente infeccioso é complexa, uma vez que o crescimento in vitro bacteriano não é possível, dependendo de técnicas moleculares como a PCR para confirmar o DNA de Mycobacterium na amostra. Relatou-se um caso da SGLC em Niterói, estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, diagnosticado por citopatologia e submetido à identificação molecular do agente. Foi realizada amplificação por PCR do gene hsp65, que revelou 100% de homologia genética com a cepa M. murphy. Este é o primeiro relato da SGLC com identificação molecular no estado do Rio de Janeiro, o que mostra a importância de se acrescentar a SGLC ao diagnóstico diferencial das doenças granulomatosas de pele nessa região.(AU)

Primeiro isolamento de Mycobacterium kyorinense em espécime clínico no Brasil / First isolation of Mycobacterium kyorinense in a clinical specimen in Brazil

Os testes bioquímicos realizados, o seqüenciamento de diferentes alvos genéticos e a construção de uma árvore concatenada, construída a través do método Neighbor-Joining, permitiram a identificação das cepas brasileiras como M. kyorinense.

A comparative study for the detection of Mycobacteria by BACTEC MGIT 960, Lowenstein Jensen media and direct AFB smear examination.

PURPOSE: To compare BACTEC MGIT 960 (M960) with conventional culture on Lowenstein Jensen (LJ) media and direct acid fast bacilli (AFB) smear examination for the detection of Mycobacteria in clinical samples obtained from suspected cases of pulmonary and extra pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). METHODS: A total of 500 samples were processed for direct AFB smear examination, and culture on M960 and LJ media. RESULTS: Two hundred fifty-eight out of 500 (51.6%) isolates of Mycobacteria were obtained by combined use of the two culture methods. Two hundred and fifty-three (50.6%) were positive in culture by M960 and LJ media and 28% (140/500) by direct AFB smear examination. The positivity rate of M960 system alone was 34.10% (88/258) and of LJ alone was 1.93% (5/258). Average time to detect growth (TTD) was 9.66 days by M960 and 28.81 days by LJ. CONCLUSIONS: M960 system is a rapid and sensitive method for early diagnosis of pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB. But for maximum recovery of Mycobacteria , a combination of both M960 and LJ media should be used.