RESUMO
Attempts were made to examine the effect of paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins (PSP) on hepatic xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes (XMEs) of tiger puffer (Takifugu rubripes). Two groups of nontoxic tiger fish were analyzed, and one group was fed with a PSP-containing diet (PSP group), and another with a PSP-free diet (control group). After 60 days of feeding, they were compared to each other mainly in terms of the activity of XMEs. Both groups did not differ from each other significantly in body weight gain, hepatosomatic index, and condition factor Hepatic level of cytochrome P450 was lower in PSP group than control group. NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase, NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase, and ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) exhibited a reduced activity in PSP group than control group. Statistical analysis found that the activity or concentration of those enzymes correlated with the hepatic level of PSR with r2=0.497-0.611.
Assuntos
Animais , Citocromo P-450 CYP1A1/metabolismo , Citocromo-B(5) Redutase/metabolismo , Dieta/veterinária , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Toxinas Marinhas/toxicidade , NADPH-Ferri-Hemoproteína Redutase/metabolismo , Valores de Referência , Frutos do Mar/toxicidade , Takifugu/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Fatores de Tempo , Aumento de Peso/efeitos dos fármacos , Xenobióticos/metabolismoRESUMO
The response of NADPH cytochrome C reductase (NCCR) activity in liver of Labeo rohita fish exposed to the pesticides, 0.25 microgl(-1) endosulfan and 2 mg/l monocrotophos was studied. In terms of specific enzyme activity (mU/mg protein) a significant level of NCCR was observed in the liver tissues of Labeo rohita exposed to the pesticides, when compared to the control fish (2.460 mU/mg protein). Increase of NCCR activity was more in the liver of the fish exposed to monocrotophos (4.595 mU/mg protein) than those exposed to endosulfan (2.850 mU/mg protein). The results demonstrate that the pesticides, endosulfan and monocrotophos, interfere with NADPH dependent monoxygenase mechanism and are effective inducers of NADPH cytochrome C reductase. The activity of NCCR in the liver tissue of Labeo rohita may serve as a useful tool for monitoring aquatic pollution.
Assuntos
Animais , Tamanho Corporal , Peso Corporal , Cyprinidae/metabolismo , Endossulfano/metabolismo , Inseticidas/metabolismo , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Monocrotofós/metabolismo , NADPH-Ferri-Hemoproteína Redutase/metabolismo , Fatores de Tempo , Poluentes Químicos da Água/metabolismoRESUMO
The effect of Ca2+ on kinetics and thermodynamics of lipid peroxidation in microsomes prepared from liver of male Swiss albino mice (7-8 weeks old) was studied. Ca2+ was found to increase the Vmax in temperature dependent manner. Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) also increased with temperature. However, the linearity and extent of change in Km remained unaffected in presence of Ca2+, and was suggestive of non-competitive and mixed type of activation. The activation constant (Ka) obtained by the replotting of slopes of the Lineweaver-Burk plots against the reciprocal of Ca2+ concentration showed linear variation with temperature. The linear pattern of Arrhenius plots indicated non-involvement of parallel reactions of other intermediate species in the lipid peroxidation. Thermodynamic parameters delta H degree, delta S degree and delta G degree, associated with lipid peroxidation process were studied. The positive value of delta H degree is suggestive of the endothermic nature of the process. It appears that the NADPH induced lipid peroxidation is an entropy driven process.
Assuntos
Animais , Cálcio/farmacologia , Cinética , Peroxidação de Lipídeos/efeitos dos fármacos , Masculino , Camundongos , Microssomos Hepáticos/efeitos dos fármacos , NADP/metabolismo , NADPH-Ferri-Hemoproteína Redutase/metabolismo , TermodinâmicaRESUMO
El nifurtimox y la nitrofurantoína, dos nitrofuranos, inhibieron la formación de malondialdehído (MDA) por microsomas de hígado de rata incubados durante una hora con un sistema generador de NADPH (NADP+, glucosa-6-P, glucosa-6-P deshidrogenasa y Cl2 Mg), ADP y Fe**3+. Las drogas ensayadas se disolvieron en dimetilformamida previo a su agregado al medio de incubación. El efecto del nifurtimox se manifestó en función del tiempo de incubación, de la concentración de droga y disminuyó significativamente cuando se omitió la adición de ADP-Fe**3+. Al tiempo de inhibir la formación de MDA, el nifurtimox inhibió la destrucción de los ácidos grasos polietilénicos microsomales. Este efecto se expresó por las variaciones de la relación araquidónico/oleico, docosahexanoico/oleico y el índice de dobles ligaduras. El nifurtimox inhibió también la destrucción del citocromo P-450, correlacionada con la lipoperoxidación. El solvente utilizado como vehículo del nifurtimox fue crítico para la inhibición, pues con DMSO el nifurtimox estimuló la formación de MDA, no así con DMFA, el solvente que se utilizó en los experimentos descriptos. Con los sistemas peroxidantes ascorbato-Fe e hidroperóxido de t-butilo-Fe, que inducen la lipoperoxidación sin involucrar la NADPH-citocromo P-450 reductasa, el efecto inhibidor del nifurtimox fue relativamente menor comparado con la inhibición observada con el sistema NADPH-Fe. En esa forma, los resultados con ascorbato-Fe y peróxido de t-butilo-Fe indican inhibición de la iniciación de la lipoperoxidación. Sin embargo, cuando se agregó NADPH en concentración catalítica, la inhibición de la lipoperoxidación inducida por el hidroperóxido de t-butilo-Fe aumentó significativamente, sugiriendo la...