Comparison of different laryngeal preservation strategies based on chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced hypopharyngeal carcinoma / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective:This study aimed to evaluate the clinical features and treatment outcomes of the value of response-adapted treatment following radiotherapy and induction chemotherapy follwing subsequent comprehensive therapy in patients with resectable locally advanced hypopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods:This cohort study was conducted from September 2010 to September 2020 in our hospital, 231 patients pathologically confirmed stage Ⅲ and ⅣB resectable locally advanced hypopharyngeal carcinoma included. For the IC-directed ART strategy, IC is used to select good candidates to receive radical RT or CCRT, and others undergo surgery. He response-adapted strategy was determined based on the primary tumor response, which was evaluated at a dose of 50 Gy. If the response reached complete response or partial response（more than 80% tumor regression）, patients received radical RT or CCRT; otherwise, they received surgery, if possible, at 4 to 6 weeks after RT. The end points of the study were OS（overall survival）, progression free survival（PFS）, locoregional recurrence-free survival（LRRFS） and LDFS. Results:In IC-directed group, 75.0%（57/76） patients reached PR after 2 cycles of induction chemotherapy. While in RT-directed group, 70.3%（109/155） patients reached large PR at dose of 50 Gy. The median interquartile range follow-up period of the whole cohort was 63.8 months. The 5-year OS, PFS, LRRFS and SFL of the whole cohort were 47.9%、39.6%、44.3% and 36.2%, respectively. In evaluations based on the different treatment strategies, the 5-year OS and SFL were 51.3% versus 37.0%（HR 0.67; 95%CI 0.43-1.05; P=0.07） and 27.8% versus 39.8%（HR 0.68; 95%CI 0.46-0.99; P=0.04） between IC-directed and RT-directed groups. In additional, surgery complications did not significantly differ between these two groups. Conclusion:In this cohort study, the response-adapted strategy based on an early RT response facilitated better treatment tailoring, and higher laryngeal preservation compared with IC-directed strategies. This approach could provide a feasible laryngeal preservation strategy in patients with resectable locally advanced hypopharyngeal carcinoma.

Etiopathological Factor, Clinical Presentation and Management of Hypopharyngeal Malignancies.

Hypopharyngeal cancers have worst prognosis among the all head and neck cancers. The aim of this study is to study the etiopathological factors, clinical presentation, treatment outcome and prognostic factors in relation to different treatment modalities of hypopharyngeal cancer. Over the period of two years 30 hypopharyngeal malignancy cases were taken for the study and their etiology, clinical presentation, treatment modality and prognostic factors were studied and discussed. It was found that smoking and poor oral hygiene is the important causative factors. Among the patients only carcinoma of pyriform fossae were found. It was commonly seen in between 5th to 7th decade of life. Histopathologically they are squamous cell type and were moderately to poorly differentiate. Most of the patients presented at stage IV and stage III.Management was done with a combination of radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The treatment outcome was more or less the same regardless of the treatment modality chosen.

Avaliação epidemiológica e da resposta terapêutica no câncer da hipofaringe / Epidemiological assessment and therapeutic response in hypopharyngeal cancer

Apesar da baixa incidência, avanços diagnóstico e terapêutico, o câncer de hipofaringe ainda possui elevada mortalidade. OBJETIVO: Avaliar retrospectivamente o perfil epidemiológico e a resposta bà cirurgia e rádio/quimioterapia de pacientes portadores de câncer de hipofaringe. MÉTODO: Foram analisados prontuários de 114 pacientes atendidos entre 2002 e 2009 em um hospital terciário com o diagnóstico histopatológico de carcinoma epidermoide. RESULTADOS: A idade média dos pacientes foi 57 anos; 94,7% eram do sexo masculino e 5,3%, do feminino; 98,2% eram tabagistas e 92% etilistas; 72% analfabetos ou com 1º grau incompleto. As queixas principais foram: nódulo cervical (28%), dor e disfagia (22%), odinofagia (12,2%), disfonia (7,8%). O estádio clínico foi: I (1,7%), II (3,5%), III (18,4%), IV (76,3%). O tratamento foi realizado com rádio e quimioterapia exclusivas em 35%, com sobrevida média em 2 anos de 20% e 5 anos de 18%, cirurgia seguida de rádio e quimioterapia em 22,8% com sobrevida em 2 anos de 60,0% e 5 anos 55,0%, quimioterapia exclusiva em 2,6%, e 39,4% sem tratamento. CONCLUSÃO: A maioria dos pacientes já apresentava estádios clínicos avançados e, independentemente da opção terapêutica, apresentam baixa sobrevida, confirmando mau prognóstico desta neoplasia.

Despite the low incidence, diagnostic and therapeutic advances, hypopharyngeal cancer still has high mortality. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate retrospectively the epidemiological profile and response to surgery and radiation/chemotherapy of patients with hypopharyngeal cancer. METHOD: We reviewed the medical records of 114 patients treated between 2002 and 2009 in a tertiary hospital with histopathological diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 57 years, 94.7% were males and 5.3% females, 98.2% were smokers and 92% consumed alcohol; 72% are illiterate or did not complete first grade schooling. The main complaints were: neck node (28%), pain and dysphagia (22%), odynophagia (12.2%), dysphonia (7.8%). The clinical staging was: I (1.7%), II (3.5%), III (18.4%), IV (76.3%). The treatment was carried out with radiotherapy and chemotherapy alone in 35%, with mean 2-year survival of 20% and 5-year survival of 18%; surgery followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy in 22.8% with 2-year survival of 60.0% and 5 years of 55.0%; chemotherapy alone in 2.6%, and 39.4% without treatment. CONCLUSION: Most patients already had advanced clinical stages and independent of the treatment option, had a low survival rate, confirming the poor prognosis of this neoplasm.

Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy in advanced hypopharyngeal carcinoma.

Objective: The aim of this retrospective study was to find out the role of neo-adjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) in changing the management and outcome of advanced hypopharyngeal cancer patients. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of 59 treatment naïve, advanced hypopharyngeal cancer patients presenting to our tertiary care center from April 2010 to October 2011. NACT was given as two (platinum with taxane) or three drug with (platinum, taxane with 5-flurouracil [5 FU]) as 3 weekly regimen with cisplatin and docetaxel as 75 mg/m 2 each, 5-FU as 1000 mg/m 2 . NACT was either given with the intent of achieving: (1) surgical resection (extensive soft tissue disease, oropharyngeal involvement, extensive disease with cartilage erosion) or (2) organ preservation (Bulky disease with inner cartilage erosion, exolaryngeal disease without cartilage erosion, large N3 nodes). Results: The mean age of this population was 55 years. Most (83%) of the patients had pyriform sinus (PFS) involvement. 69% patients had Stage IVa disease, 21% Stage IVb and 10% Stage III. The overall response rate was 66%, including 06% complete responses and 60% partial responses. Following NACT, resectability was achieved in 30% (10/33) and organ preservation protocol was planned after NACT in 73% (19/26) patients. The main toxicities were neutropenia (grade 3, 4, 04%; febrile neutropenia, 4%), mucositis 5%, diarrhea 5%. The median progression free survival was 20 months. Conclusions: NACT can be useful in patients with oropharyngeal involvement to achieve surgical resection and larynx preservation in patients with bulky T3 disease.

Impacto da associação terapêutica na sobrevida livre de doença no câncer da hipofaringe / Impact of combination therapy on disease free survival in hypopharynx cancer

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a sobrevida livre de doença nos tumores de hipofaringe submetidos ao tratamento operatório e à radioterapia pós-operatória. MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo de 174 pacientes com distribuição, de acordo com o estádio clínico em: dois casos de estádio clínico I; quatro II; 46 III e 122 IV. Quanto ao gênero, 163 eram masculinos e 11 femininos, com idade média de 56 anos. Todos os casos foram submetidos à faringolaringectomia e realizados 206 esvaziamentos cervicais radicais e 16 seletivos. Cento seis pacientes foram submetidos à radioterapia pós-operatória, com dose média de 58,2 Gy. RESULTADOS: O exame histológico demonstrou dois casos de estádio clínico pT1, 15 pT2, 100 pT3 e 57 pT4. Quanto aos linfonodos, 25 pacientes apresentavam ausência de linfonodos comprometidos pela neoplasia (pN0) e 149 com linfonodos comprometidos pela neoplasia (pN+). A sobrevida livre de doença há cinco anos foi de 40% e a global de 28%. A sobrevida livre de doença há cinco anos foi de 75% no estádio clínico III versus 28% no IV, de acordo com o resultado do exame histológico. CONCLUSÃO: A manifestação inicial do carcinoma epidermóide de hipofaringe ocorre na fase avançada (estádios III e IV), com sobrevida livre de doença a cinco anos superior no estádio clínico III.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the disease-free survival in hypopharyngeal tumors submitted to postoperative radiotherapy. METHODS: we retrospectively studied 174 patients with the following distribution: two cases of stage I, four stage II, 46 stage III and 122 stage IV. Regarding gender, 163 were male and 11 female; mean age was 56 years. All patients underwent pharyngolaryngectomy; neck dissections were radical in 206 and selective in 16. One hundred six patients underwent postoperative radiotherapy, with a mean dose of 58.2 Gy. RESULTS: Histological examination showed two cases of stage pT1, 15 stage pT2, 100 stage pT3 and 57 stage pT4. As for lymph nodes, 25 patients had no involvement (pN0); 149 presented with lymph node invasion (pN +). Five-year disease-free survival was 40% and the overall survival was 28%. According to the results of histological examination, five-year disease-free survival was 75% in clinical stage III versus 28% in IV. CONCLUSION: The initial manifestation of squamous cell carcinoma of the hypopharynx happens in advanced stages (III and IV), with superior five-year disease-free survival in clinical stage III.

Carcinoma sarcomatoide de hipofaringe: reporte de un caso / Sarcomatoid carcinoma of hypopharynx: report of a case

El carcinoma sarcomatoide es una rara neoplasia maligna de alto grado, la cual, ha sido motivo de controversias en su diagnóstico y su tratamiento. Se observa con frecuencia en el tracto aerodigestivo superior, aunque su localización en la hipofaringe es rara, habiéndose reportado pocos casos a nivel mundial. Se presenta una paciente femenina de 42 años sin historia de consumo de tabaco ni alcohol, quien presentaba disfagia, pérdida de peso, disfonía y masa cervical bilateral, mediante laringoscopia de fibra óptica se evidenció un extenso tumor de hipofaringe a nivel del seno piriforme izquierdo que invalida la laringe supraglótica. La histología del tumor reportó un carcinoma sarcomatoide. La paciente fue intervenida quirúrgicamente realizándose una laringofaringoesofagectomía con reconstrucción con ascenso gástrico más disección cervical radical bilateral, Presentó complicaciones pulmonares y abdominales, falleciendo a los 2 meses del posoperatorio. El carcinoma sarcomatoide es una rara y agresiva neoplasia cuyo pronóstico depende de su localización, tamaño y presencia de metástasis cervicales; aunque por lo general el pronóstico es malo independientemente del tratamiento recibido

La desmoplasia como factor pronóstico en las metástasis ganglionares de pacientes con cáncer de laringe e hipofaringe / Patients with larynx cancer e hypopharyngeal

Se presenta la influencia de la desmoplasia (DP) en ganglios linfáticos metastatizados de pacientes con cáncer de laringe e hipofaringe. El estudio fue realizado en 122 enfermos operados de carcinomas epidermoides metástasis histológicamente comprobadas, tratados entre los años 1984 y 1992. Los resultados se evaluaron en función de la supervivencia y la recidiva cervical. Las tasas de supervivencia a los 3 años fueron las siguientes: sujetos sin DP 73,8 por ciento, y con DP 36,6 por ciento (p<0,03). Igualmente, los porcentajes de pacientes libres de recidiva cervical a los 3 años de la intervención mostraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas: pacientes sin DP 72,7 por ciento, y con DP 39,6 por ciento (p<0,03)- De acuerdo con los resultados obtenidos, la DP es un factor pronóstico ganglionar desfavorable en los enfermos con cáncer de laringe

Tumores do hipofaringe: resultados e opçöes terapêuticas atuais / Hypopharinx tumors: results and current therapeutic options

Säo analisados 56 casos de câncer de hipofaringe, do INCa., em um período de seis anos. Noventa e um por cento dos casos apresentaram antecedentes de tabagismo e 75 por cento de etilismo. Os estágios III e IV somados representaram quase 90 por cento dos casos e o seio piriforme foi o local mais frequentemente afetado. Vinte e sete por cento dos casos foram operados e receberam radioterapia complementar, e o restante recebeu radioterapia radical exclusiva. A sobrevida global atuarial foi de 22 por cento em 48 meses e a sobrevida livre de doença foi de 15 por cento no mesmo período. O grupo que foi operado e irradiado obteve melhor resposta e melhor controle que o grupo apenas irradiado. Conclui-se que, apesar dos maus resultados, a tentativa de somar benefícios da cirugia e da radioterapia ainda é a melhor política de tratamento para o câncer de hipofaringe. Dentro da discussäo, os autores discorrem brevemente sobre os prós e contras da radioterapia pré e pós-operatórias.

Evolution du traitement des epitheliomas du sinus piriforme pendant les 20 dernieres annees / Evolution of the treatment of piriform sinus carcinoma in the last 20 years

O autor revisa os avanços no tratamento do carcinoma ado recesso piriforme nos últimos 20 anos. No que diz respeito a cirurgia, dois pontos principais säo assinalados: 1) hemilaringofaringectomia supraglótica para tumores da parede medial da porçäo membranácea do seio piriforme com mobilidade preservada de cordas vocais; 2) várias opçöes de reconstruçäo do trânsito faringoesofágico, entre elas a transposiçäo gástrica e os enxertos microcirúrgicos. Devido a alta freqüência de metástases linfonodais (80-87%), além do grande número de casos com ruptura capsular de linfonodos (mais de 50%), o esvaziamento cervical é obrigatório no tratamento destes casos. Em referência aos tumores externos que ultrapassam a linha média, deve ser considerado o tratamento do lado oposto do pescoço (esvaziamento cervical radical ou funcional). A radioterapia exclusiva só é atualmente indicada para tumores inoperáveis, tendo em vista o insucesso desta modalidade terapêutica. Radioterapia pré-operatória aumenta a freqüencia de complicaçöes cirúrgicas. Radioterapia pós-operatória melhora as taxas de controle loco-regional da doença. A quimioterapia neoadjuvante, incluindo cisplatina e 5FU, com ou sem bleomicina, melhorou o controle local de casos submetidos a faringectomias parciais com radioterapia pós-operatória (33 para 63%). Conclusöes definitivas com respeito ao real papel da quimioterapia requerem estudos prospectivos randomizados

Cancer de la hipofaringe consideraciones clinico-patologicas: tratamiento y complicaciones

El autor presenta la casuística de 22 casos de cáncer de hipofaringe tratados en los últimos 4 años, presentando un estudio detallado de los factores etiopatogénicos, presentación clínica, resultados del tratamiento, sus complicaciones y sus conclusiones