The Differential Imaging Features of Fat-Containing Tumors in the Peritoneal Cavity and Retroperitoneum: the Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation

There are a variety of fat-containing lesions that can arise in the intraperitoneal cavity and retroperitoneal space. Some of these fat-containing lesions, such as liposarcoma and retroperitoneal teratoma, have to be resected, although resection can be deferred for others, such as adrenal adenoma, myelolipoma, angiomyolipoma, ovarian teratoma, and lipoma, until the lesions become large or symptomatic. The third group tumors (i.e., mesenteric panniculitis and pseudolipoma of Glisson's capsule) require medical treatment or no treatment at all. Identifying factors such as whether the fat is macroscopic or microscopic within the lesion, the origin of the lesions, and the presence of combined calcification is important for narrowing the differential diagnosis. The development and wide-spread use of modern imaging modalities make identification of these factors easier so narrowing the differential diagnosis is possible. At the same time, lesions that do not require immediate treatment are being incidentally found at an increasing rate with these same imaging techniques. Thus, the questions about the treatment methods have become increasingly important. Classifying lesions in terms of the necessity of performing surgical treatment can provide important information to clinicians, and this is the one of a radiologist's key responsibilities.

Lipoblastoma: un raro tumor pediátrico / Lipoblastoma: a rare pediatric tumor

Desde las primeras descripciones en 1926 de un raro tumor de células adiposas inmaduras, de presentación casi exclusiva en la edad pediátrica, se han descrito cerca de 200 casos en la literatura. 60-80% de los lipoblastomas se presentan antes de los 3 años de edad, con cierta predilección por el sexo masculino. Estos tumores denominados Lipoblastomas se presentan en dos formas clínicas: los tumores circunscritos, subcutáneos, de localización preferencial en las extremidades (70%) la forma infiltrativa y difusa de localización más bien profunda denominada Lipoblastomatosis (30%). La característica microscópica es la presencia de lipoblastos, separados por septos y rodeados de una fina red vascular. Otros exámenes auxiliares no son de ayuda en el diagnóstico. La microscopiano puede diferenciarlos de otros tumores malignos como el liposarcoma, por lo cual la citogenética es una tecnología de gran ayuda, demostrando alteración del cromosoma 8 (8q 11-13), con reordenamiento del gen PLAG1. El tratamiento es quirúrgico, presentándose recidivas hasta en 33% de los casos, por lo cual se recomienda seguimiento por 2-5 años. Otras formas de tratamiento no han probado eficacia.

Since the first description in 1926 of a rare tumor of immature fat cells with exclusive presentation in pediatric patients, 200 cases have been described in the literature. 60 - 80% of lipoblastomas appear before 3 years of age, with slight predilection formales. These tumors are called lipoblastomas and have 2 clinical presentations, the circumscribed subcutaneous tumors in the extremities (70%) and the infiltrative and diffuse tumors in deep locations named lipoblastomatosis (30%). The microscopic characteristic is the presence of lipoblasts, separated by septums and surrounded by a thin vascular net. Other ancillary exams are not help fulfor the diagnosis. The microscopic exam cannot differentiate lipoblastoma from other malignant tumors such as liposarcoma. Cytogenetics can be helpful for the differentiation, showing alterations in the 8th chromosome (8q 11-13) with rearrangement of PLAG1 gene. The treatment is surgical, witha relapse rate up to 33%; the refore a 2 to 5 year follow up is recommended. Other treatments are not efficacious.

Liposarcoma primario de mesenterio: reporte de un caso / Primary mesenteric mixto liposarcoma: report of a case

Los liposarcoma primarios de mesenterio son neoplasias muy raras poco frecuentes de ver. En el presente trabajo reportamos un caso donde un paciente se presenta con una historia, al ingreso hospitalario, de politraumatismo.

Caso incomum de lipoma associado ao nervo mentoniano: uma revisäo / Unusual case of lipoma associated with the mentoniani nerve: a review

Um caso raro de lipoma intrabucal associado ao nervo mentoniano, causando sintomatologia dolorosa, assim como, uma revisäo de literatura mostrando a discutida etiopatogenia desta alteraçäo é apresentado